This Special Report has been prepared by IPCC Working Group III in response to a request by the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) to the UNFCC. Innovation and enhanced efforts to transfer environmentally sound technology to limit greenhouse gas emissions and to adapt to climate change will be required to meet the objective of the Climate Convention and to reduce vulnerability to climate change impacts. The report addresses the technology transfer problem in the context of climate change while emphasizing the sustainable development perspective.