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National climate change adaptation: emerging practices in monitoring and evaluation
Unblocking the climate finance negotiations will unlock a new global agreement on climate change in Paris later this year. Developing countries need to see tangible commitment to providing the finance needed to combat the negative effects of climate change.
As global emissions continue to increase, so does the cost of managing the impact. Africa’s Group of Negotiators (AGN) is positioned to take the lead, consistently presenting common positions for 54 countries. A breakthrough necessitates focus on a key issue that will yield win–win outcomes. The global climate finance architecture, w ...
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Cities and climate change: National governments enabling local action
OECD, 2014This report explores how enabling policy frameworks at the national level can support critical urban action to combat climate change. It argues that cities have a unique ability to address global climate change challenges and that local action takes place in the context of broader national frameworks that can either empower or slow down city-level action; therefore, supportive national and regional policies and incentives are required to ensure city-level initiatives have sufficient resources and potential to effect meaningful change. The report states that national policies often establish wh ...
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Disaster risk financing in APEC economies: practices and challenges
OECD, 2013This report is the main outcome of the APEC Finance Ministers’ initiative on disaster risk financing, supporting the implementation of the G20/OECD Methodological Framework. Prepared by the OECD, in cooperation with the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the UNISDR and the World Bank, it is directed to APEC Finance Ministers and aims to present examples of policies and practices in disaster risk financing with a view to promoting the exchange of knowledge and practices on financial strategies among APEC members and illustrating progress being made by economies in strengthening financial resilience ...
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Fragile States 2013: Resource flows and trends in fragile states
By 2015, half of the world’s people living on less than USD 1.25 a day will be in fragile states. While poverty has decreased globally, progress on Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 1 is slower in fragile states than in other developing countries. Fragile states are also off-track to meet the rest of the MDGs by 2015.
Fragile situations became a central concern of the international development and security agenda in the 1990s. Since then, powerful forces have been influencing the causes and manifestations of fragility, including the combination of democratic aspirations, new te ...
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OECD Environment Working Papers, 50. Climate Mitigation and Adaptation in Africa : evidence from patent data
This paper presents comparative data on innovation in selected climate change mitigation and adaptation technologies in the context of Africa. Such analysis informs policy aimed at encouraging international technology transfer and development of domestic innovation capacities. We present detailed analysis of the role of Africa in development of these technologies (invention), and then move on to examine Africa as a technology market (as reflected in patenting). In addition, we briefly touch upon the question of cross-border technology development (co-invention) in Africa. Despite Africa’s gene ...
A Framework for Financing Water Resources Management
OECD, 2012A lack of finance for water resources management is a primary concern for most OECD countries. This is exacerbated in the current fiscal environment of tight budgets and strong fiscal consolidation, as public funding provides the lion’s share of financial resources for water management.
The report provides a framework for policy discussions around financing water resources management that are taking place at local, basin, national, or transboundary levels. The report goes beyond the traditional focus on financing water supply and sanitation to examine the full range of water man ...
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OECD’s Environmental Outlook to 2050 : Key Findings on Climate Change; Trends and projections - we are far off course
OECD, 2012This chapter seeks to analyse the policy implications of the climate change challenge. Are current emission reduction pledges enough to stabilise climate change and limit global average temperature increase to 2oC? If not, what will the consequences be? What alternative growth pathways could achieve those targets? What policies are needed, and what will be the costs and benefits to the economy? And last, but not least, how can the world adapt to the changes that are already occurring?
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International technology agreements for climate change - Analysis based on co-invention data
This paper examines the effect of multilateral energy technology initiatives, so called "Implementing Agreements", on international research collaboration in seven important climate change mitigation technologies. The analysis is conducted using patent data on 33 OECD countries during the period 1970- 2009. We find that co-invention is significantly affected by the membership in the Implementing Agreement. Extending adherence to other countries would increase co-invention by about 90% in the case of wind and fuel cells, and even more in the case of biofuels, solar PV and CCS. Given the urgency ...
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Monitoring and Evaluation for Adaptation: Lessons from Development Cooperation Agencies
In the context of scaled up funding for climate change adaptation, it is more important than ever to ensure the effectiveness, equity and efficiency of adaptation interventions. Robust monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is an essential part of this, both to ensure that the prospective benefits of interventions are being realised and to help improve the design of future interventions. This paper is the first empirical assessment of M&E frameworks used by development co-operation agencies for projects and programmes with adaptation-specific or adaptation-related components. It has analysed 106 proj ...
OECD’s Environmental Outlook to 2050 : Key Findings on Climate Change; chapter 3, climate change
OECD, 2011This chapter seeks to analyse the policy implications of the climate change challenge. Are current emission reduction pledges enough to stabilise climate change and limit global average temperature increase to 2oC? If not, what will the consequences be? What alternative growth pathways could achieve those targets? What policies are needed, and what will be the costs and benefits to the economy? And last, but not least, how can the world adapt to the changes that are already occurring?
Transition to a Low-carbon Economy : public Goals and Corporate Practices
OECD, 2010Companies are increasingly aware of the need to address climate change. However, while many companies are taking action to address climate change, many others are still lagging behind. This report surveys responsible business practices addressing climate change and driving the shift to a low-carbon economy. It summarises policies, regulations and other instruments in support of a low carbon economy in OECD countries and emerging economies, and analyses corporate responses to these drivers.
Using the principles of responsible business conduct identified in the OECD Guidelines for Multi ...
OECD - Climate Change
The impact of climate change on our environment, our economies and our security is one of the defining issues of our era. The OECD is at the forefront of climate change analysis, promoting environmentally and economically rational policies related to adaptation, mitigation, technology, financing and development.
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