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Climate Services for Supporting Climate Change Adaptation : Supplement to the Technical Guidelines for The National Adaptation Plan Process
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) - WMO, 2016 (WMO-No. 1170)Because of the current and projected impacts on climate due to the high levels of greenhousegas (GHG) emissions, adaptation is a necessary strategy at all scales in a changing climate. At its 17th session, the Conference of Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) established the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process as a way to facilitate effective adaptation planning in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and other developing countries. The four key elements that need to be undertaken in the development of NAPs are: Laying the groundwork and addressin ...
WMO Statement on the status of the global climate in 2015
The year 2015 will stand out in the historical record of the global climate in many ways. Modern records for heat were broken: 2015 was a record warm year both globally and in many individual countries. Heatwaves were extremely intense in various part of the world, leading to thousands of deaths in India and Pakistan. Record extreme precipitation led to flooding that affected tens of thousands of people across South America, West Africa and Europe. Dry conditions in southern Africa and Brazil exacerbated multi-year droughts. The influence of the strong El Niño that developed in the later part ...
Guide to Virtual Private Networks (VPN) via the Internet between GTS centres
After describing various concepts related to Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) and Internet Protocol Security (IPSec), this document presents a potential methodology to introduce a technical solution to the Global Telecommunication System (GTS) and shows why these tools can enhance communication capabilities among World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Members for operational traffic exchanges.
The World Meteorological Organization at a glance
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 2006-[...], 2016
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Cap cloud over volcano Teide
Porto Roberto - WMO, 2016"- Location name, latitude and longitude (map entry tool available) Teide National Park, Tenerife Canary islands Spain Latitude 28°16'32.97" longitude 16°43'46.11"W
-Climate Classification (Koppen scheme ; map entry available) BSh
- Type of location (land/sea or air) lans /sea
- Camera pointing direction NE
- Meteor type (e.g. clouds, lithometers, etc.) clouds
- Cloud Genera (e.g. Cirrocumulus, unknown, etc.) altocumulus lenticularis -cap clouds
metadata: nikon d5300 wide angle (18mm) seconds 0-16 and zoomed seconds 17-36. "
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Mammatus over Tenerife Timelapse
Bergersen Thomas - WMO, 2016Video timelapse de las nubes de tipo Mammatus que tuvimos sobre nuestras cabezas tinerfeñas el dia 12 de septiembre 2016. las nubes llegan del sureste y avanzan en direccion noreste, pasando sobre el roque del conde en adeje, para al atrdecer, desaparecer. grabado con Nikon d5300 y Nikon d90 y con Nikor fish eye 10,5 f:2,8 y Tokina 11-16 mm f:2,8. lrtimelapse, y lightroom cc
Reference Guide for Permanent Representatives of Members with the World Meteorological Organization on Relevant Procedures and Practices of the Organization (WMO-No. 939)
This Guide explains the World Meteorological Organization procedures and practices, and is designed to serve as a ready reference for Permanent Representatives of Members with WMO, and for the senior staff of NMHSs, especially those dealing with international affairs.
Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014 - Twenty Questions and Answers about the Ozone Layer: 2014 update (GORMP 56)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2015To help maintain a broad understanding of the relationship between ozone depletion, ODSs, and the Montreal Protocol, this component of the Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014 presents 20 questions and answers about the often-complex science of ozone depletion. Most questions and answers are updates of those presented in previous Ozone Assessments, and a few have been expanded to address newly emerging issues. The questions address the nature of atmospheric ozone, the chemicals that cause ozone deple tion, how global and polar ozone depletion occur, the extent of ozone depletion, the ...
WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (GHG Bulletin) - No.11: The State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2014
The latest analysis of observations from the WMO Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Programme shows that the globally averaged mole fractions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) reached new highs in 2014, with CO2 at 397.7±0.1 ppm, CH4 at 1833±1 ppb[2] and N2O at 327.1±0.1 ppb. These values constitute, respectively, 143%, 254% and 121% of pre-industrial (1750) levels. The atmospheric increase of CO2 from 2013 to 2014 was close to that averaged over the past 10 years. For both CH4 and N2O the increases from 2013 to 2014 were larger than that observed from 2012 to 2013 and ...
Manual on the Global Telecommunication System : Annex III to the WMO Technical Regulations
A manual intended to facilitate cooperation in meteorological telecommunications between Members; to specify obligations of Members in the implementation of the World Weather Watch Global Telecommunication System; and to ensure uniformity and standardization in the practices and procedures employed in achieving these.
Guide to Participation in Radio-frequency Coordination
This Guide provides the general description of the main ITU processes related to radio-frequency coordination, regional structure and regulatory framework that govern the use of the radio-frequency spectrum globally2 and guide the national management of the radiofrequency spectrum as well as management of satellite orbits. More detailed information on which frequencies are important to meteorology and related activities is available in the joint WMO/ITU publication entitled Use of Radio Spectrum for Meteorology: Weather, Water and Climate Monitoring and Prediction
WIGOS Technical Report, 2015-01. Impact and benefits of AMDAR temperature, wind and moisture observations in operational weather forecasting
This report reviews the impact of AMDAR observations on operational NWP forecasts at both regional and global scales that support national and local weather forecast offices across the globe.
GCOS, 199. 21st Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC-21)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2015
GCOS, 198. Report of the Seventh GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation and Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-7)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2015
GCOS, 197. Minutes of the working meeting for GCOS Reference Upper Air Network (GRUAN)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2015
JCOMM Technical Report, 63. Recommended Algorithms for the Computation of Marine Meteorological Variables
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - WMO, 2015This publication presents a summarized version of the WMO No-8 information, focusing on the instruments used by the VOS, but breaks new ground in making specific recommendations (including providing software modules and test validation cases) on the algorithms to be used to compute “derived” variables.
GCOS, 196. Report of the twenty-third session of the WMO-IOC-UNEP-ICSU Steering committee for GCOS
This Status Report performs two functions: It assesses the progress made against the actions set out in the GCOS Implementation Plan for the Global Observing System for Climate in Support of the UNFCCC (2010 Update), while also providing a more generic assessment of the overall adequacy of the global observing system for climate. It makes use of a wide range of supporting GCOS materials published since progress was reported in 2009, many of which have resulted from the outcomes of specialized workshops or working group meetings.
GCOS, 195. Status of the Global Observing System for Climate
This Status Report performs two functions: It assesses the progress made against the actions set out in the GCOS Implementation Plan for the Global Observing System for Climate in Support of the UNFCCC (2010 Update), while also providing a more generic assessment of the overall adequacy of the global observing system for climate. It makes use of a wide range of supporting GCOS materials published since progress was reported in 2009, many of which have resulted from the outcomes of specialized workshops or working group meetings.
GCOS, 194. Status of the Global Observing System for Climate : executive summary October 2015
A report entitled Status of the Global Observing System for Climate was invited by the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) at the thirty-third session of the UNFCCC Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) in Cancún, Mexico, in 2010. The conclusions of SBSTA in subsequent years have reinforced the importance ascribed to this status report. The report has recently been completed under the overall guidance of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) Steering Committee with contributions from panel members and external experts. It ...
DBCP Technical Document, 52. Annual report for 2014, financial report
GAW Report, 221. Report of the First Meeting of the WMO GAW Task Team on Observational Requirements and Satellite Measurements (TT-ObsReq) as regards Atmospheric Composition and Related Physical Parameters
WMO, 2015
GAW Report, 220. Report of the Second Session of the CAS Environmental Pollution and Atmospheric Chemistry Scientific Steering Committee (EPAC SSC)
WMO, 2015
IOM Report, 121. Measurement of upper-air pressure, temperature and humidity
This report is that document, as authored by Dr Nash, in all its original detail. Starting with the existing version of the CIMO Guide (2010 update) Dr Nash revised that information, primarily to include the additional understanding gained from the Yangjiang intercomparison. At the same time, though, he added a wealth of further specialist knowledge, gained from his protracted involvement in WMO CIMO activities over more than thirty years, and in particular from his participation in all eight CIMO international radiosonde intercomparisons, commencing with the first, held at Bracknell in 1983.< ...
WCDMP, 84. Eighth Seminar for Homogenization and Quality Control in Climatological Databases and Third Conference on Spatial Interpolation Techniques in Climatology and Meteorology
The 8th Homogenization Seminar and the 3rd Conference on Spatial Interpolation were organized together considering certain theoretical and practical respects. Theoretically there is a strong connection between these topics since the homogenization and quality control procedures need spatial statistics and interpolation techniques for spatial comparison of data. On the other hand the spatial interpolation procedures (e.g. gridding) need homogeneous data series with high quality. Practically the CARPATCLIM project that was launched in 2010 and ended in 2013 is a good example for this problem. Th ...
JCOMM Technical Report, 84. Final report, JCOMM Pilot intercomparison project for seawater salinity measurements
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2015The Pilot Inter - comparison Project for Seawater Salinity Measurements is organized by The Joint WMO - IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM) and undertaken by the Regional Marine Instrument Center for the Asia - Pacific Region (RMIC/AP). As the first inter - comparison project under JCOMM framework in history, the purpose is of understanding the overall quality level of salinity measurements of JCOMM Members/Member States and observation programmes, identifying the differences an d promoting the expertise of salinity measurements.
IOM Report, 117. Survey on Alternatives for Dangerous and Obsolete Instruments : evaluation of the questionnaire and recommendations for alternatives
The report enables a WMO Member country to determine where it stands in relation to other WMO Members in regard to its use of dangerous or obsolete instrumentation, and offers some ideas on how to replace these instruments by suggesting possible alternatives.
SDS-WAS, 2015-001. Dust/ sand storms over Libya : Spatial distribution, frequency and seasonality, technical report
The climate of most of the coastal region of Libya can be classified as semi-arid, while that of the rest of the country is arid. Rainfall is erratic with extremely variable yearly rainfall amounts: a series of dry years may follow a year with adequate rainfall. Furthermore, monthly and seasonal totals are not homogenous and most precipitation occurs during winter months.
Dust and sand storms, the focus of the present study, are one of the main extreme weather phenomena that affect Libya. In this paper, spatial and temporal distribution, frequency and seasonality are studied and analyze ...
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 23. Health and Sanitation Aspects of Flood Management
Flood events are known for their profound capacity to positively or negatively affect humans. Floods improve overall human well-being by providing services such as groundwater recharge, surface-water replenishment, soil-fertility enhancement and a general increase in the value of social–ecological systems. Equally, however, flood events pose a series of diverse health threats, ranging from contaminated water sources to decreased agricultural productivity, especially when communities are vulnerable and lack the capacity to effectively respond to, and recover from, the adverse effects of floods. ...
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 22. The role of the media in flood management
Communication is the imparting or exchange of information between individuals or groups through a common system of symbols, signs or behaviour (Merriam-Webster, 2013a; Oxford Dictionaries, 2013). In recent decades, different conceptual models have been developed to explain the process of human communication. One of the best representations of the flow of information in flood communication is the Interactional Communication Model proposed by Schramm (Schramm, 1954).
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 21. Effectiveness of flood management measures
It is not enough to assert—to an elected official, a regulator, a donor organization or the taxpayer—that one’s organization is doing an effective job of flood management. One also has to be able to provide a credible answer to the question: “How do you know?” 2 There is a multiplicity of flood management activities that can be pursued by a plethora of government jurisdictions, government agencies, NGOs, private and volunteer groups— independently, in cooperation, in competition. These activities may include: constructing flood prevention infrastructure; rebuilding houses, buildings and infras ...
GAW Report, 224. Ninth Intercomparison Campaign of the Regional Brewer Calibration Center Europe (RBCC-E)
This ninth intercomparison campaign was a joint exercise of the Regional Brewer Calibration Center for Europe (RBCC-E) and the Arosa Lichtklimatisches Observatorium (LKO) of MeteoSwiss during the period 14-26 July 2014. Six Brewers managed by 11 experts from four countries participated in the campaign (Table 1). The Brewer instruments were compared with the RBCC-E travelling reference Brewer #185 for ozone. The RBCC-E transferred during this intercomparison its own absolute ozone calibration obtained by the Langley method at the Izaña Observatory (IZO). The calibration of the reference instrum ...
GAW Report, 223. Eighth Intercomparison Campaign of the Regional Brewer Calibration Center for Europe (RBCC-E)
The eighth Regional Brewer Calibration Center for Europe (RBCC-E) intercomparison was held at El Arenosillo Atmospheric Sounding Station of the Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA) during the period 10-20 June 2013. This campaign was organized in collaboration with the Area of Instrumentation and Atmospheric Research of INTA, with the support of the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) programme of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and a CEOS CALVAL project of the European Space Agency (ESA). A total number of 18 Brewer spectrophotometers from eight countries participated in th ...
JCOMM Technical Report, 40. JCOMM Data Management Plan, Prepared by the Members of the Data Management Coordination Group : revision 2
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2015 (WMO/TD-No. 1426)
Role and operation of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services : a statement by the World Meteorlogical Organization for Decision Makers
This statement by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is to urge decisionmakers to enhance their support to National Meteorological and Hydrological Services to fulfil their mandates and deliver services that contribute to meeting societal needs and national development goals.
WMO Strategic Plan 2016-2019
This Strategic Plan for 2016–2019 reflects the decisions and directions of the Seventeenth World Meteorological Congress, held in Geneva from 25 May to 12 June 2015. It sets the directions and priorities to guide the activities of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to enable all Members to improve their information, products and services. It anticipates increased demand for high-quality weather, hydrological and climate services to enhance community resilience, contribute to economic growth and protect life and property from extreme weather, climate and water events.
World Hydrological Cycle Observing System Guidelines
WHYCOS is a global concept, comprising a number of independent regional or basin-wide Hydrological Cycle Observing System (HYCOS) components. At the local level within a country, HYCOS brings together various agencies to work on delivering enhanced data and information products, such as the production and delivery of flood forecasts and warnings. An important complementary activity is the building of closer ties to communities and groups whose primary mandate benefits from access to the enhanced data, products and services, thereby achieving increased positive societal impacts. This contribute ...
Arctic drives new era in climate and weather services
The Arctic is changing. Melting sea ice, thawing perma¬frost and a greening tundra are some of the consequences of Arctic temperatures that have been higher in the past few decades than at any other time over the past 2000 years. Unanticipated alterations in weather patterns and ocean currents are driving changes both on land and in the oceans.
Satellites for Climate Services: case studies for establishing an architecture for climate monitoring from space
The report describes case studies that demonstrate the direct or indirect value of Earth observation satellites for climate services.
Seamless prediction of the Earth system : from minutes to months
This book collects together White Papers that have been written to describe the state of the science and to discuss the major challenges for making further advances. The authors of each chapter have attempted to draw together key aspects of the science that was presented at WWOSC-2014. The overarching theme of this book and of WWOSC-2014 is “Seamless Prediction of the Earth System: from minutes to months”. The book is structured with chapters that address topics regarding: Observations and Data Assimilation; Predictability and Processes; Numerical Prediction of the Earth System; Weather-relate ...
WMO Guidelines on Multi-hazard Impact-based Forecast and Warning Services
Improving the understanding of the potential impacts of severe hydrometeorological events poses a challenge to NMHSs and their partner agencies, particularly disaster reduction and civil protection agencies (DRCPAs). These Guidelines establish a road map that identifies the various milestones from weather forecasts and warnings to multi-hazard impact-based forecast and warning services.
For completeness, these Guidelines also describe the ultimate step of forecasting actual impacts, although it is recognized that this is a highly sophisticated exercise, requiring strong collaboration w ...
OSCAR - Observing Systems Capability Analysis and Review Tool
OSCAR is an important part of WIGOS. It has four components (see diagram below): OSCAR/Surface and OSCAR/Space contain information about surface- and space-based observing system capabilities; OSCAR/Requirements contains user requirements for all Application Areas supporting WMO Programmes, and OSCAR/Analysis is used to compare those requirements with the observing system capabilities (RRR, "Critical Review"). This allows experts and observing system operators to identify gaps and supports their planning efforts. OSCAR/Space has been available in pre-operational mode at the WMO Secretariat sin ...
Valuing Weather and Climate : Economic Assessment of Meteorological and Hydrological Services
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; World Bank the; United States Agency for International Development (USAID); et al. - WMO, 2015 (WMO-No. 1153)The review of all past and current SEB analysis performed for this publication indicates that properly planned investments in hydrometeorological services provide significant benefits relative to their costs. While the publication attempts to capture the currently available wealth of experience and expertise across different contexts, it is not the end point for developing global knowledge on SEB analysis of hydrometeorological studies. Indeed, as we move to implement new global commitments on sustainable development goals, climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction, interest in kno ...
WMO Capacity Development Strategy and Implementation Plan
The Capacity Development Strategy (CDS), as approved by the Executive Council at its sixty fourth session, manifests the holistic nature of capacity development. On the basis of the criteria laid down by the Sixteenth Congress and the sixty-third and sixty-fourth sessions of the Executive Council, a strategic framework was developed to ensure that a range of relevant considerations was factored in the CDS and, subsequently, the Capacity Development Strategy Implementation Plan (CDSIP). An analysis of how the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) can best help National Meteorological and Hydr ...
Heatwaves and Health : Guidance on Warning-System Development
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; World Health Organization (WHO) - WMO, 2015 (WMO-No. 1142)This Guidance has been developed jointly by WMO and WHO to outline for practitioners in both NMHSs and National Health Services (NHSs) the issues surrounding the general heat–health problem and present how an understanding of the biometeorology, epidemiology, public-health and risk-communication aspects of heat as a hazard can be used to inform the development of an HHWS as part of a wider HHAP. The Guidance places emphasis on the practical aspects of HHWSs at a generic level and is not intended to be prescriptive. The Guidance has been produced to have global applicability. It has drawn on ex ...
Intergovernmental Board on Climate Services, Second session : Abridged final report with resolutions
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CliC Annual Report
CliC is pleased to release its 2014 Annual Report which summarizers the amazing number of activities that we sponsored, supported, and in many cases, initiated over the past few years. We hope you will take the time to read the achievements, as well as our plans for the coming year(s).
Conference report - Conference on the Gender Dimensions of Weather and Climate Services
The Conference on the Gender Dimensions of Weather and Climate Services was a landmark international forum addressing how to equally empower women and men to build safer, stronger and more resilient societies through the provision and use of gender-sensitive weather and climate services. The Conference represented the contribution of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and its partners to the review of implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 20 years after its adoption. It also provided recommendations to enrich the development of the post-2015 disaster risk r ...
WMO Statement on the status of the global climate in 2014
The warming trend observed over the past few decades continued in 2014, which WMO has ranked as nominally the warmest year since modern instrumental measurements began in the mid-1800s. Although 2014 broke the record by only a few hundredths of a degree – less than the margin of uncertainty – this result means that 14 of the 15 hottest years on record occurred during the twenty-first century. The evidence for human-induced global warming is therefore increasingly robust.
The Climate in Africa: 2013
In Africa in 2013, the critical weather and climate trends of the last decades continued: it was one of the warmest years on the continent since at least 1950, with temperatures above average in most regions. Precipitation at the continental scale was near average. But several extreme events hit the region. The floods that hit Mozambique in January were among the 10 most severe in the world that year, based on the number of deaths. In contrast, the rains in Namibia and neighboring countries fell well below normal, leading to a severe drought.
Role and operation of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services : a statement by the World Meteorlogical Organization for Directors of NMHSs
The Statement by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) on the Role and Operation of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) presents information on the role and operation of NMHSs worldwide. The four sections of the document present the functions of NMHSs, their contribution to social and economic development, the services they provide, the basic systems to support service delivery, legislative and institutional matters, including governance, partnership and cooperation, and future development opportunities among other issues.
Guide to the Implementation of Education and Training Standards in Meteorology and Hydrology, volume I – Meteorology
The purpose of this publication is to facilitate a common understanding of the basic qualifications required of individuals who are to be recognized either as Meteorologists or as Meteorological Technicians, as defined by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), while assisting National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) in establishing their respective personnel classification systems and training programmes to satisfactorily meet international standards.
Lake Chad-HYCOS, A component of the World Hydrological Cycle Observing System (WHYCOS) : Project document
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Lake Chad Basin Commission (LCBC) ; World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 2015
Guide to the Quality Management System for the Provision of Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation (WMO-No. 1001)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) - WMO, 2014 (2011 edition updated in 2014; WMO-No. 1001)This publication was deemed obsolete by the Commission for Aeronautical Meteorology at its sixteenth session (CAeM-16) (24–27 July 2018) and has therefore been discontinued.
Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014 - Assessment for Decision-Makers (GORMP 55)
The present document will be part of the information upon which the Parties to the United Nations Montreal Protocol will base their future decisions regarding ozone-depleting substances, their alternatives, and protection of the ozone layer. It is the latest in a long series of scientific assessments that have informed the Parties.
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