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WMO Guidelines on Generating a Defined Set of National Climate Monitoring Products (WMO-No. 1204)
The aim of this publication is to provide a specification for the shortlist of NCMPs that can be produced consistently and easily by most countries. By having clearly defined NCMPs, it should be possible for countries with fewer resources to focus their efforts on a small number of products that have wide applicability and interest.
التحديات في الانتقال من الشبكات التقليدية إلى الشبكات الأوتوماتية لرصد الأحوال الجوية من أجل السجلات المناخية طويلة الأجل
نُشرت بالفعل (WMO, 2007) توجيهات لإدارة التغيرات في برامج رصد المناخ، مع مجموعة ممارسات موصى بها يمكن بواسطتها إدارة هذه التغيرات. وسينصب التركيز في هذه المذكرة التوجيهية على محطات الأرصاد الجوية الأوتوماتية (AWSs) التي يرجح أن تشكل جزءاً من السجلات المناخية طويلة الأمد. وستكون هذه السجلات عادة مملوكة للمرافق الوطنية للأرصاد الجوية والهيدرولوجيا (NMHSs) أو للوكالات المنتسبة لها، أو لأطراف أخرى أحياناً (من قبيل هيئات الطيران أو الزراعة أو النقل البري) في إطار المعايير التي تقرها المرافق الوطنية (NMHSs). وتثبت التجربة أن المحطات (AWSs) الخاصة يمكن أن تكون مفيدة لبعض الأغراض المناخية (مثل توفير م ...
Сложности при переходе с традиционных метеорологических наблюдательных сетей на автоматические для длительных климатических наблюдений
Руководящие принципы управления изменениями в программах климатических наблюдений с набором рекомендуемых практик, с помощью которых можно управлять такими изменениями, уже были опубликованы (WMO, 2007). В данной директивной записке основное внимание уделяется тем АМС, которые могут стать частью долгосрочных климатических записей. Обычно они принадлежат НМГС или ассоциированным агентствам, а иногда третьим сторонам (например, авиационным, сельскохозяйственным или автотранспортным агентствам) в соответствии со стандартами, одобренными НМГС. Опыт показывает, что частные АМС могут быть полезны дл ...
长期气候记录从常规气象观测网向自动气象观 测网过渡中的挑战
世界气象组织 (WMO) - WMO, 2017WMO已经发布了管理气候观测计划变化的指导原则，其中有一套可以管理这种变化的建议做法（WMO，2007）。本指南将侧重于那些可能构成长期气候记录一部分的AWS。这些AWS 通常由NMHS 或相关机构所有，或有时由第三方（如航空、农业或公路运输机构）根据NMHS认可的标准拥有。经验表明，私人AWS对某些气候目的是有用的（如提供个别局地尺度的极端事件信息），但很少能达到所需的记录长度、准确性或敞度标准，或场地和仪器的长期稳定性，不可能对十年或更长的时间尺度的监测有很大价值。
Challenges in the Transition from Conventional to Automatic Meteorological Observing Networks for Long-term Climate Records
Guidelines for managing changes in climate observation programmes, with a set of recommended practices by which such changes can be managed, have already been published (WMO, 2007). This guidance note will focus on those AWSs likely to form part of long-term climate records. These will normally be owned by NMHSs or associated agencies, or sometimes by third parties (such as aviation, agriculture or road transport agencies) under standards endorsed by the NMHSs. Experience shows that private AWSs can be useful for some climate purposes (such as providing information on individual local-scale ex ...
WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (GHG Bulletin) - No.13: The State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2016
The latest analysis of observations from the WMO GAW Programme shows that globally averaged surface mole fractions(2) calculated from this in situ network for CO2, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) reached new highs in 2016, with CO2 at 403.3 ± 0.1 ppm, CH4 at 1 853 ± 2 ppb(3) and N2O at 328.9 ± 0.1 ppb. These values constitute, respectively, 145%, 257% and 122% of pre-industrial (before 1750) levels. The record increase of 3.3 ppm in CO2 from 2015 to 2016 was larger than the previous record increase, observed from 2012 to 2013, and the average growth rate over the last decade. The El Niño ...
WCDMP, 85. Ninth Seminar for Homogenization and Quality Control in Climatological Databases and Fourth Conference on Spatial Interpolation Techniques in Climatology and Meteorology
In this paper we try to summarize the main topics of homogenization, quality control and spatial interpolation.
GAW Report, 228. WMO Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Implementation Plan: 2016-2023
This Implementation Plan (IP) builds upon the growing importance of atmospheric composition observations and predictions, and focuses on research that enables a wide variety of Products and Services related to atmospheric composition. New GAW-lead thematic application areas will help reduce societal risks from climate change, high-impact weather and events, and urban air pollution, and support conventions and treaties focused on sustainable development. This IP is designed to help World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Members meet their needs and to support plans of national, regional, and i ...
Guide to the Direct Broadcast Network for Near-real-time Relay of Low Earth Orbit Satellite Data
The purpose of this Guide is to define the minimum technical specifications and procedures applicable to the Direct Broadcast Network for Near-real-time Relay of Low Earth Orbit Satellite Data (DBNet) and to provide guidance for implementing these specifications and procedures.
In the present Guide, the term “shall” is used when referring to the technical specifications and procedures that have to be applied for DBNet to work properly, and the term “should” when referring to those that would enhance the proper functioning of DBNet. The DBNet technical specifications are applica ...
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MET – ATM Integration: Global Air Navigation Plan (GANP), Aviation System Block Upgrade (ASBU) 
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