Programmes publications



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AGM, 111. Report of the Joint Commission on Agricultural Meteorology (CAgM)/Joint Commission on Marine Meteorology and Oceanography (JCOMM) Task Team on Weather, Climate and Fisheries (2014-2018)
This is the summary report of the Joint Task Team of the Commission on Agricultural Meteorology (CAgM)/Joint Commission on Marine Meteorology and Oceanography (JCOMM) on Weather, Climate and Fisheries that was active from 2014-2018. The report focuses on the following themes: Climate variability impacts of selected fisheries: impacts of climate change on fisheries; risk assessment and management evaluation tools for the ecosystem-approach to management of fisheries; weather and climate tools for integrated coastal management of coastal fisheries and marine agriculture; weather and climate too ...Report of the Joint Commission on Agricultural Meteorology (CAgM)/Joint Commission on Marine Meteorology and Oceanography (JCOMM) Task Team on Weather, Climate and Fisheries (2014-2018)
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Published by: WMO ; 2022
This is the summary report of the Joint Task Team of the Commission on Agricultural Meteorology (CAgM)/Joint Commission on Marine Meteorology and Oceanography (JCOMM) on Weather, Climate and Fisheries that was active from 2014-2018. The report focuses on the following themes: Climate variability impacts of selected fisheries: impacts of climate change on fisheries; risk assessment and management evaluation tools for the ecosystem-approach to management of fisheries; weather and climate tools for integrated coastal management of coastal fisheries and marine agriculture; weather and climate tools for integrated coastal management of coastal fisheries and marine aquaculture; policy brief on climate, oceanic and fisheries information and recommendations.
Collection(s) and Series: AGM- No. 111
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free), Hard copyTags: Natural hazards ; Early warning systems ; Agriculture ; Drought ; Climate change ; Agricultural Meteorology Programme (AgMP)
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COVID-19 Task Team Briefing Note
Briefing note from the WMO Research Board Task Team on COVID-19 Meteorological and Air Quality Factors summarizing key findings and recommendations for NMHS on actions to take regarding meteorological and air quality (MAQ) services for COVID-19 Risk Reduction and Management (9 May 2022)Published by: WMO ; 2022
Briefing note from the WMO Research Board Task Team on COVID-19 Meteorological and Air Quality Factors summarizing key findings and recommendations for NMHS on actions to take regarding meteorological and air quality (MAQ) services for COVID-19 Risk Reduction and Management (9 May 2022)
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free), Hard copyTags: World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; General information publications
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GAW Report, 273. Seventh Session of the Research Board Environmental Pollution and Atmospheric Chemistry Scientific Steering Committee
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Seventh session report of the Research Board Environmental Pollution and Atmospheric Chemistry Scientific Steering Committee (8–11 February 2021, Geneva, Switzerland) - WMO, 2022Seventh Session of the Research Board Environmental Pollution and Atmospheric Chemistry Scientific Steering Committee
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World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Seventh session report of the Research Board Environmental Pollution and Atmospheric Chemistry Scientific Steering Committee (8–11 February 2021, Geneva, Switzerland)
Published by: WMO ; 2022Collection(s) and Series: GAW Report- No. 273
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Atmospheric chemistry ; Pollution ; Global Atmosphere Watch Programme (GAW)
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GCOS, 242. Report of the Thirteenth GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-13)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022Report of the Thirteenth GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-13)
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World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission ; United Nations Environment Programme ; International Council of Scientific Unions
Published by: WMO ; 2022Notes: Virtual sessions: 15-19 November 2021
Collection(s) and Series: GCOS- No. 242
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Capacity development ; Global Climate Observing System (GCOS)
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GCOS, 243. 29th Session of the GCOS Steering Committee
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission ; United Nations Environment Programme ; International Council of Scientific Unions
Published by: WMO ; 2022Notes: Virtual sessions: 7—9 December 2021
Collection(s) and Series: GCOS- No. 243
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Capacity development ; Global Climate Observing System (GCOS)
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International Workshop on Satellite Analysis of Tropical Cyclones (IWSATC-3): Final report
WMO, 2022In this report, we summarize the reported changes in TC satellite analysis techniques since IWSATC-I (2011) and highlight the continued development of existing objective analysis methods as well as the emergence of new algorithms.Permalink![]()
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Towards the 'Perfect' Weather Warning : Bridging Disciplinary Gaps through Partnership and Communication
World Meteorological Organization (WMO), United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) ; UK Met Office - WMO, 2022PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalink![]()
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AGM, 108. Manual For Creating a Weather-based Crop Calendar : A Case Study from Senegal
Crop calendars, indicating the optimal time of planting and the time of harvest, can aid both farmers and advisory experts in the field of agriculture to reduce any risks. Existing crop calendars are made available for many countries but the planting and harvest periods are very general and can even comprise a period of two months. Defining the onset of the rainy season for the different regions and providing more detailed information about crop cultivation in relation to the length of the growing season, will help farmers reduce their losses and increase crop yield. This report describex a me ...Permalink![]()
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AGM, 109. Assessment of Simple Farmer Rain Gauges Used in the WMO METAGRI OPS Project
The purpose of the various METAGRI projects in West Africa was to increase the flow of information from National Meteorological and Hydrological Services to farmers and this included the need for simple rain gauges to be distributed to farmers. The METAGRI OPERATIONAL Project needed technical specifications for the ‘farmer’s rain gauge’ to make it more suitable for the purpose. The former Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observation (CIMO) Lead Centre agreed to cooperate with the involved NMHSs in the evaluation of the rain gauges by technical consultations, laboratory tests and fiel ...Permalink![]()
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AGM, 110. Commission on Agricultural Meteorology (CAgM) - Expert Team 3.1 ‐ Report on Drought (2014‐2018)
This report is the output from the Commission for Agricultural Meteorology (CAgM) Expert Team on Drought (Expert Team 3.1) from 2014 to 2018. The team members addressed several Terms of Reference (TOR) requested by the 16th Session of the WMO CAgM held in Antalya, Turkey in April 2014. These TORs included the following: (a) Review the definition of drought and conduct a comprehensive review of the definitions and phases of drought (onset, duration, recovery and the ‘end point’ of drought in all regions); (b) Identify case studies and conduct a literature review of the socio‐economic impacts ...PermalinkPermalink![]()
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Country_Hydromet_Diagnostics
The Country Hydromet Diagnostics responds to the need for a standardized, integrated and operational tool and approach for diagnosing National Meteorological Services, their operating environment, and their contribution to high-quality weather, climate, hydrological and environmental information services and warnings. The Diagnostics is an umbrella tool that draws on and adds value to existing WMO assessment material by synthesizing existing approaches and data into an easily interpretable form, validating the information provided by WMO Members through a peer review process, and obtaining mis ...PermalinkPermalink![]()
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Fourteenth Session of the Scientific Steering Committee for the World Weather Research Programme (WWRP 2021-3)
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GAW Report, 257. Fourteenth Intercomparison Campaign of the Regional Brewer Calibration Centre Europe
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET); Fourteenth Intercomparison Campaign of the Regional Brewer Calibration Centre Europe (El Arenosillo Atmospheric Sounding Station, Huelva, Spain, 17–28 June 2019) - WMO, 2021XIV Regional intercomparison of the Brewer Calibration Center for Europe (RBCC-E) was held at El Arenosillo Atmospheric Sounding Station of the “Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial” (INTA) during the period 17 – 28 of June, 2019. 21 Brewer spectrometers, 15 operators and experts from 11 countries took part in XIV Regional intercomparison campaign. The campaign was organized in collaboration with the “Area of Instrumentation and Atmospheric Research” of INTA, with the support of the Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) program of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The Brewer travelli ...PermalinkPermalink![]()
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GAW Report, 260. Report of the first Integrated Global Greenhouse Gas Information System (IG3IS) Symposium and User Summit : Geneva, Switzerland, 13-15 November 2018
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GAW Report, 262/WCC-Empa Report No. 20/2. Research Infrastructure Quality Assurance – System and Performance audit of Surface Ozone, Carbon Monoxide, Methane, and Carbon Dioxide at the Global GAW Station Sonnblick, Austria, July 2020
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GAW Report, 263. Report of the Fifth Methane Reference Gas Inter-comparison Experiment for Japan from 2018 to 2019
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA); Teruo Kawasaki, Atsuya Kinoshita, Yousuke Sawa, Akihiko Murata, Shinji Morimoto, Shohei Murayama, Toshinobu Machida, Motoki Sasakawa, Kazuhiro Tsuboi - WMO, 2021The WCC-JMA organized six rounds of the CH4 reference gas inter-comparison experiments from 2001 to 2019 to quantify differences among CH4 standard scales implemented at each participating laboratory as well as to monitor the long-term stability of standard gases in Asia and the South-West Pacific. In the 5th round inter-comparison for Japan, two reference gas cylinders were circulated in turn to JMA, JAMSTEC, TU, AIST, NIES, MRI, and JMA from September 2018 to April 2019. The measurement results of JAMSTEC and WCC-JMA have shown a good agreement with differences of less than 0.4 ppb for two ...Permalink![]()
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GAW Report, 264. Report of the Sixth Methane Reference Gas Inter-comparison Experiment for Asia from 2018 to 2019
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Teruo Kawasaki, Atsuya Kinoshita, Yousuke Sawa, Shuangxi Fang, Haeyoung Lee, Yogesh K. Tiwari - WMO, 2021The WCC-JMA organized six rounds of the CH4 reference gas inter-comparison experiments from 2001 to 2019 to quantify differences among CH4 standard scales implemented at each participating laboratory as well as to monitor the long-term stability of standard gases in Asia and the South-West Pacific. In the 6th round robin inter-comparison for Asia, two reference gas cylinders were circulated in turn to JMA, CMA, KMA/NIMS, IITM, and JMA from January 2018 to September 2019. The inter-comparison results confirmed that the differences between each laboratory and WCC-JMA were within the GAW networ ...Permalink![]()
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GAW Report, 265. System and Performance audit for Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds at the Global GAW Station Cape Verde, December 2019
A system and performance audit for VOCs was conducted at the Cabo Verde Atmospheric Observatory (CVO) (co-organised by the Chemistry Department, University of York and by the World Calibration Centre for VOC, WCC-VOC). The audit was conducted from November 27th to December 2nd in year 2019. The observatory is operated as a global GAW station and analyses on-line air samples directly collected at the station towers. The audit was conducted according to the existing WMO/GAW guidelines and SOPs for audits . The audit directly involved the responsible site research scientist and the station manage ...Permalink![]()
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GAW Report, 266. System and Performance Audit of Surface Ozone, Carbon Monoxide, Methane, Carbon Dioxide and Nitrous Oxide at the Global GAW Station Zugspitze-Schneefernerhaus Germany, September 2020
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; C. Zellweger, M. Steinbacher, B. Buchmann, R. Steinbrecher - WMO, 2021The 6th system and performance audit by WCC-Empa at the global GAW station Zugspitze-Schneefernerhaus (ZSF) was conducted from 8 - 9 September 2020 in agreement with the WMO/GAW quality assurance system. This report summarises the assessment of the Zugspitze-Schneefernerhaus GAW station in general, as well as the surface ozone, methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide measurements in particular. The recommendations found in this report are graded as minor, important and critical and are complemented by a priority indication and a suggested completion date.Permalink![]()
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GAW Report, 267/Research Infrastructure Quality Assurance. Fifth International Comparison of Dobson Spectrophotometers Villa Ortúzar Observatory, Argentina, 4-22 March 2019
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Glen McConville, Koji Miyagawa, and Gerardo Carbajal Benítez - WMO, 2021This report describes the Fifth Intercomparison of Dobson Spectophotometers (IC/BUA-19) carried out at the Main Buenos Aires Observatory (Villa Ortúzar) of the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (Argentina) (SMN) from 4 March to 22 March 2019. The Dobson spectrophotometer D065 was used as a reference for comparison of measured ozone column values and to calibrate individual instruments. The Regional Standard (R-III) also participated in the event and was calibrated. Through this activity, the data obtained by individual Dobson Spectrophotometers at different measurement sites will be standardized ...Permalink![]()
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GAW Report, 268. Ozonesonde Measurement Principles and Best Operational Practices : ASOPOS 2.0 (Assessment of Standard Operating Procedures for Ozonesondes) August 2021
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GAW Report, 269. Measurement-Model Fusion for Global Total Atmospheric Deposition Initiative : Implementation Plan for 2021–2026
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GAW Report, 270. System and Performance Audit of Surface Ozone, Carbon Monoxide, Methane, Carbon Dioxide and Nitrous Oxide at the Global GAW Station Hohenpeissenberg Germany June/July 2020
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GCOS, 236. GCOS Steering Committe Twenty-eighth Session (GCOS SC-28)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021Permalink![]()
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GCOS, 237. Report of the Twelfth GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-12)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021Permalink![]()
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GCOS, 238. GCOS Joint Panels Meeting (AOPC-26, OOPC-24 and TOPC-23)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021Permalink![]()
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GCOS, 239. The Global Climate Observing System 2021: Executive Summary
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021Permalink![]()
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GCOS, 239. حالة النظام العالمي لرصد المناخ لعام 2021 : ملخص تنفيذي
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021Permalink![]()
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GCOS, 239. 全球气候观测系统现状报告(2021): 执行摘要
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021Permalink![]()
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GCOS, 240. The Global Climate Observing System 2021: The GCOS Status Report
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021Permalink![]()
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GCOS, 241. 26th Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC-26)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021Permalink![]()
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GESAMP - Reports and Studies, 109. The Changing Acidity of the Global Atmosphere and Ocean and its Impact on Air/Sea Chemical Exchange (GESAMP 109, GAW 272)
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High Impact Weather (HIWeather) Citizen Science Guidance (WWRP 2021-2) : Note For weather, climate and water projects
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HYDROMET GAP REPORT 2021
The Country Hydromet Diagnostics responds to the need for a standardized, integrated and operational tool and approach for diagnosing National Meteorological Services, their operating environment, and their contribution to high-quality weather, climate, hydrological and environmental information services and warnings. The Diagnostics is an umbrella tool that draws on and adds value to existing WMO assessment material by synthesizing existing approaches and data into an easily interpretable form, validating the information provided by WMO Members through a peer review process, and obtaining mis ...Permalink![]()
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IOM Report, 134. Report on Interlaboratory Comparison in the field of Temperature, Humidity and Pressure in the WMO Regional Association II, V and VI (MM-ILC-2018-THP-2)
WMO, 2021This report presents the results of an interlaboratory comparison (ILC) with participation of all Regional Instrument Centres (RICs) in WMO Regional Associations (RAs) II and V, using the methodology and experience from the ILC in RA VI in 2016. The ILC was coordinated by RIC Tsukuba (Japan) with support and input from RIC Ljubljana and the University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering (Slovenia). The results of the ILC in RA II and RA V clearly demonstrate the high capabilities of these RICs, particularly in the domains of temperature and humidity calibration. Some areas requirin ...Permalink![]()
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IOM Report, 135. Survey on the Use of the Guide to Instruments and Methods of Observation (WMO-No. 8)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; A. Lilja, S. Cohn, C. Fierz, J. Gueusquin, T. Konzelmann, P-W. S. Lau and A. Webb - WMO, 2021PermalinkPermalink![]()
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ORM11 GAW 271, 271. Report of Part II of the Eleventh Meeting of the Ozone Research Managers of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (Online Meeting, 19-23 July 2021)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); Part II of the Eleventh Meeting of the Ozone Research Managers of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (Online Meeting, 19-23 July 2021) - WMO, 2021Permalink![]()
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OSCAR Series. OSCAR/Surface User Manual
The Observing Systems Capability Analysis and Review tool (OSCAR) of the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) Information Resource (WIR) is a key source of information for WIGOS metadata. The surface- and space-based components of OSCAR are intended to record observing platform/station metadata, according to the WIGOS Metadata Standard described in the Manual on the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WMO-No. 1160) and in the WIGOS Metadata Standard (WMO-No. 1192), and to retain a record of the current and historical WIGOS metadata. This Manual explains how to use OSCAR/Surface, ...PermalinkPermalink![]()
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The Report of the Audit and Oversight Committee : EC-73/INF. 7(3), 31.VI.2021
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Executive Council, 73rd session (14-25 June 2021, Virtual Session) - WMO, 2021Permalink![]()
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Report on the Unexpected Emissions of CFC-11 (WMO-No. 1268)
The Report was written by the Scientific Assessment Panel to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. CFC-11 (CCl3F) was reportedly fully controlled under the Montreal Protocol since 2010. However, a 2018 scientific paper revealed that instead of decreasing, CFC-11 emissions were increasing. In reaction, the Protocol parties agreed to Decision XXX/3: Unexpected emissions of trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11). This Report addresses: current and past observations of CFC-11 atmospheric abundances; information on the CFC-11 global and regional emission increase and subsequent ...Permalink![]()
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Report of the Second High-level Session (OCP-HL-2)
The Second High-Level Session of the OCP (OCP-HL-2) was held on 26 and 27 May 2021. The discussions were around two themes: (1) the future of weather and climate forecasting, and (2) the future evolution of NMHSs and stakeholders. This report summarizes the main perspectives and recommendations arising at the OCP-HL-2 discussions. The report will be used as a reference by all the stakeholders in global weather and climate enterprise to understand challenges and drivers for change as well as forming common visions and collaborative efforts.Permalink