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Integrated Weather and Climate Services in Support of Net Zero Energy Transition (WMO-No. 1312)
The document is an update of the Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) “Energy Exemplar” and was compiled under the aegis of the WMO Study Group for Integrated Energy Services (SG-ENE ), part of the Commission for weather, climate, water and related environmental services and applications (SERCOM), with contributions from some of the leading experts in the field. The document provides the background and guidelines required to strengthen the development, and enable a widespread uptake, of integrated Weather & Climate Services (W&CSs) for the Energy sector needed to accelerate the transit ...
Guidance on Measuring, Modelling and Monitoring the Canopy Layer Urban Heat Island (CL‑UHI) (WMO-No. 1292)
The guidance provides an overview of and recommendations for measuring, modelling and monitoring the Canopy Layer urban heat island, which is based on temperature information at about 1.5 m above ground. Canopy Layer urban heat island information is one component of the integrated urban hydro-meteorological, climate and environmental services for citizens. These services may be provided directly by National Meteorological and Hydrometeorological Service (NMHS) operations, in cooperation with stakeholders or partners, or indirectly through stakeholders or partners in cities, public and private ...
Guidelines on the Definition and Characterization of Extreme Weather and Climate Events (WMO-No. 1310)
The guidance in this publication consists of generic definitions and methodologies for the characterization of extreme weather and climate events. This publication contribute to ensuring consistent exchange of information that underpins the WMO State of the Climate Reports, Climate Watches, climate change studies and other emerging applications.
Survey on the Status of Human Resources in National Meteorological and Hydrological Services: Staff, Competencies and Qualifications (WMO-No. 1305)
The WMO’s seventh survey on the status of human resources in National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs), conducted from 2021 to 2022, reiterated the previous survey’s investigation of staffing patterns, and added inquiry concerning qualifications and competencies. The report’s introduction elucidates survey administration and major survey findings. The main body of the report presents detailed survey results in two parts: Staffing (numbers of staff by gender, professional category, attainment of university degree, age category, and staffing trends); and Capacity Development (num ...
TCP, 30. Regional Association IV – Hurricane Operational Plan for North America, Central America and the Caribbean (WMO-No. 1163), TCP-30
The regional activities under the WMO Tropical Cyclone Programme consist mainly of the programmes pursued by groups of countries acting in concert to improve their warning systems. In Region IV (North America, Central America and the Caribbean) there is a long history of collective action specifically designed to protect people and property from the severe tropical cyclones which are called hurricanes in the Region. A working group, known as the RA IV Hurricane Committee, was established by the seventh session of Regional Association IV (Mexico City, April May 1977) to promote such activities ...
Guidelines on Implementation of a Coastal Inundation Forecasting–Early Warning System (WMO-No. 1293)
This publication, Guidelines on Implementation of a Coastal Inundation Forecasting - Early Warning System (CIF-EWS) is the result of a resolution of the World Meteorological Congress 18 (2019) to assist vulnerable countries to implement their own CIF-EWS. These Guidelines are based on the successful implementation of demonstration systems in four countries between 2009 and 2019 through the Coastal Inundation Forecasting Demonstration Project (CIFDP) (Swail et al., 2019). Additionally, these Guidelines can be used as a valuable planning tool for coastal zone management, in order to build resili ...
Centennial Observing Stations: State of Recognition Report – 2021 (WMO-No. 1296)
The brochure documents the status of WMO Centennial Observing Stations per continent, as of 2021. It also describes the background to the WMO Centennial Observing Stations initiative, the recognition criteria and mechanism, and the outlook for future recognition.
حالة المناخ في أوروبا 2021 (مطبوع المنظمة رقم 1304)
The WMO State of the Climate in Europe 2021, is the first edition of climate reports to be published annually by the World Meteorological Organization’s Regional Association for Europe (WMO-RA6) and the European Union's Earth observation programme, Copernicus. The report provides the status of key climate indicators using the WMO and partner organizations operational monitoring systems and latest data and information on impacts, risks and policy from United Nations (UN) agencies. It addresses specific physical science, socio-economic and policy aspects that are relevant to WMO-RA6 domain and r ...
State of the Climate in Europe 2021 (WMO-No. 1304)
The WMO State of the Climate in Europe 2021, is the first edition of climate reports to be published annually by the World Meteorological Organization’s Regional Association for Europe (WMO-RA6) and the European Union's Earth observation programme, Copernicus. The report provides the status of key climate indicators using the WMO and partner organizations operational monitoring systems and latest data and information on impacts, risks and policy from United Nations (UN) agencies. It addresses specific physical science, socio-economic and policy aspects that are relevant to WMO-RA6 domain and r ...
Guidelines on the Implementation of Climate Watches (WMO-No. 1299)
This document provides guidelines on the implementation of Climate Watches. It responds to the need for provision of a more practical and easy approach for better understanding each element of the Climate Watch System, particularly the user aspects and their engagement. These guidelines are fundamental for, and aim to support the implementation of Climate Watches at national scales, and thereby, aim to enhance science-based decision making and countermeasures against extreme weather/climate event and anomalous state of climate in changing climate.
Education and Training in a Period of Rapid Change: Highlights of the Fourteenth WMO Symposium on Education and Training (WMO-No. 1291)
This publication explores the importance of discussing the challenges and opportunities of education and training in a period of rapid change. This was the main theme of the Fourteenth WMO Symposium of Education and Training (SYMET-14), and this document summarizes the main conclusions and recommendations from SYMET-14, including the Statement agreed by the participants on the final day of the Symposium.
2021년 전지구기후현황 (WMO-No. 1290)
The publication provides a summary on the state of the climate indicators in 2021 including global temperatures trends and its distribution around the globe; most recent finding on Green House Gases concentration, Ocean indicators; Cryosphere with a particular emphasis on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice, greenland ice sheet and glaciers and snow cover; Stratospheric Ozone; analysis of major drivers of inter-annual climate variability during the year including the El Niño Southern Oscillation and other Ocean and Atmshperic indices; global precipitation distribution over land; extreme events includ ...
2021年全球气候状况 (WMO-No. 1290)
The publication provides a summary on the state of the climate indicators in 2021 including global temperatures trends and its distribution around the globe; most recent finding on Green House Gases concentration, Ocean indicators; Cryosphere with a particular emphasis on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice, greenland ice sheet and glaciers and snow cover; Stratospheric Ozone; analysis of major drivers of inter-annual climate variability during the year including the El Niño Southern Oscillation and other Ocean and Atmshperic indices; global precipitation distribution over land; extreme events includ ...
State of Global Water Resources 2021 (WMO-No. 1308)
As a first edition of the annual State of Global Water Resources, this report shows how maps and a graphical summary of streamflow and TWS in river basins worldwide could look in regular reports on global water resources. These maps are based on modelled data (and validated with observed data to the extent possible) and remotely sensed information from the NASA GRACE mission for TWS. Modelled data was used to achieve maximum geographical coverage. The 2021 report also includes chapters on major hydrological events in 2021 and a brief overview of cryosphere changes as they related to water reso ...
State of the Global Climate 2021 (WMO-No. 1290)
The publication provides a summary on the state of the climate indicators in 2021 including global temperatures trends and its distribution around the globe; most recent finding on Green House Gases concentration, Ocean indicators; Cryosphere with a particular emphasis on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice, greenland ice sheet and glaciers and snow cover; Stratospheric Ozone; analysis of major drivers of inter-annual climate variability during the year including the El Niño Souther Oscillation and other Ocean and Atmshperic indices; global precipitation distribution over land; extreme events includi ...
Assessment Guidelines for End-to-End Flood Forecasting and Early Warning Systems (WMO-No. 1286)
This document provides a framework to the National Hydrological Services (NHSs) to evaluate their capability to deliver accurate, timely, and spatially adequate flood forecasts that can be interpreted by partners and end-users and which support decision-making at various levels. The assessment covers the entire End-to-End Flood Forecasting and Early Warning System (E2E FFEWS) value chain from observations, to data collection, modelling and forecasting, dissemination of warnings and response to these warnings by the end users. With the help of these guidelines, NHSs can identify their strengths ...
State of the Climate in Asia 2021 (WMO-No. 1303)
The report on the State of the Climate in Asia 2021 is the result of collaboration between NMHSs in the region, the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and other specialized agencies of the United Nations. This multi-agency effort provides a summary of the state of climate, extreme events and their socio-economic impacts in Asia region in 2021. The 2021 report is the second in the series of the report.
State of the Climate in South-West Pacific 2021 (WMO-No. 1302)
The report on the State of the Climate in the South-West Pacific 2021 is the result of collaboration between NMHSs in the region, the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and other specialized agencies of the United Nations. This multi-agency effort provides a summary of the state of climate, extreme events and their socio-economic impacts in the Southwest Pacific region in 2021. The 2021 report is the second in the series of the report.
حالة المناخ العالمي في 2021 - مطبوع المنظمة رقم 1290
The publication provides a summary on the state of the climate indicators in 2021 including global temperatures trends and its distribution around the globe; most recent finding on Green House Gases concentration, Ocean indicators; Cryosphere with a particular emphasis on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice, greenland ice sheet and glaciers and snow cover; Stratospheric Ozone; analysis of major drivers of inter-annual climate variability during the year including the El Niño Southern Oscillation and other Ocean and Atmshperic indices; global precipitation distribution over land; extreme events includ ...
حالة المناخ في أفريقيا 2021 (مطبوع المنظمة رقم 1300)
The report on the State of the Climate in Africa 2021 is the result of collaboration between the African Union Commission (AUC), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), and other specialized agencies of the United Nations. This multi-agency effort provides informed climate analysis, identifies notable hydro-meteorological events, impacts and risks, and suggests climate actions to build resilience of African nations. The 2021 report is the third in the series, with a special emphasis on water resources, a pivotal sector for human and ecosystem health and sustainable socio-economic developm ...
Guidelines for the Assessment of Competencies for Provision of Climate Services (WMO-No. 1285)
The WMO EC-68 approved the Competency framework for climate services to help NMHSs and other institutions to deliver high-quality climate services in compliance with WMO standards and regulations, specifically those defined by the Standing Committee on Climate Services (SC-CLI) and the Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS).
WMO Technical Regulations and Guides describe in more detail the practices, procedures and specifications that Members are expected to follow or implement in establishing their arrangements in compliance with the Technical Regulations, and in otherwise develop ...
MMO Series, 04. Maritime Forecasting, Meteorology and WMO: History and Evolution
Maritime Forecasting, Meteorology and WMO: History and Evolution traces the history of marine meteorology. In particular, it looks at the introduction of “maritime safety information”, the establishment of METAREAs globally, the development of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Worldwide Met-Ocean Information and Warning Service and their place in the IMO Global Maritime Distress and Safety System.
The International Maritime Conference in Brussels in 1853 resulted in initial steps for standardization in the making and re ...
Guidelines on Communicating Climate Science and Services (WMO-No. 1288)
This Guidance to Communicating Climate Science and Services emerges from the experiences of the WMO Expert Team on Capacity Development and Communications, Task Team on Communications. This publication recommends approaches for National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) to use as they continue to build their climate services. These approaches are supported by a wide breadth of materials, from peer-reviewed papers, technical reports, to committee meeting notes, by a deep depth of understanding from experts worldwide, and by a long length of experience in climate services within NM ...
2022 State of Climate Services: Energy (WMO-No. 1301)
The 2022 WMO State of Climate Services report focuses on the issue of energy, a subject that continues to dominate discussion and debate as it effects every single community, business, sector and economy, in all parts of the world.
Reaching net zero by 2050 will mean a complete transformation of our global energy system, with a switch to lower emissions electricity production and increased energy efficiency at the heart of the worldwide response. But the transition to clean energy calls for investment in improved weather, water and climate services that can be used to ensure our energy ...
State of the Climate in Africa 2021 (WMO-No. 1300)
The report on the State of the Climate in Africa 2021 is the result of collaboration between the African Union Commission (AUC), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), and other specialized agencies of the United Nations. This multi-agency effort provides informed climate analysis, identifies notable hydro-meteorological events, impacts and risks, and suggests climate actions to build resilience of African nations. The 2021 report is the third in the series, with a special emphasis on water resources, a pivotal sector for human and ecosystem health and sustainable socio-economic developm ...
Basic Documents, 2. Technical Regulations (WMO-No. 49), Volume III: Hydrology
This volume contains definitions of technical terms, a classification of hydrological observing stations, and guidance on the establishment of networks of these stations, their identification, observing programmes, equipment and methods of observation. It also contains a chapter on meteorological services for hydrology.
A Primer on Public Policy and Management with a Focus on National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (WMO-No. 1289)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Prof. Dodo J. Thampapillai, Prof. Lim Siong Guan, Prof. Caroline Brassard, Prof. Zeger Van Der Wal, Dr Assia Alexieva, Dr Adrian Kuah, Prof. Mukul Asher, Prof. Donald Low and Mr Alvin Li - WMO, 2022 (WMO-No. 1289)The various chapters in this volume are based on presentations delivered in three workshops at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy - National University of Singapore between 2018 and 2021. The Meteorological Services Singapore and the World Meteorological Organisation sponsored these workshops. The aim of these workshops and this publication is to convey content on concepts and methods of public policy and management to professionals engaged in Meteorological Services. The volume consists of four parts, namely Public Management, Results and Evidence based Public Management, Economics and ...
WMO Open Consultative Platform White Paper #2 - Future of National Meteorological or Hydrometeorological Services: Evolving roles and responsibilities (WMO-No. 1294)
This OCP White Paper on the Future of National Meteorological or Hydrometeorological Services – Evolving Roles and Responsibilities has been produced as a collective endeavour of a group of world-leading experts to analyse trends, challenges and opportunities in a dynamic environment. It is focused on evolving roles, responsibilities, operational scenarios and partnership mechanisms that define the future and work of NMSs as national institutions and key participants in the global weather, climate and water ecosystem of stakeholders. The primary objective of this paper is to inform key decisio ...
Aerodrome reports and forecasts (WMO-No. 782) : A Users’ Handbook to the Codes
This booklet is a simple guide to the aeronautical meteorological codes, METAR, SPECI and TAF, applicable on 4 November 2021, updated as a result of the alignment of the Technical Regulations (WMO-No. 49), Volume II – Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation, Parts I and II, with Amendment 80 to Annex 3 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. It is aimed at a wide range of users such as pilots, flight dispatchers, air traffic control staff and meteorological observers at smaller aerodromes where sophisticated automated instruments are not available. Although the reade ...
بشأن (WMO) المبادئ التوجیهیة للمنظمة إعداد مجموعة محددة من النواتج الوطنیة لمراقبة المناخ (WMO-No. 1204)
The aim of this publication is to provide a specification for the shortlist of NCMPs that can be produced consistently and easily by most countries. By having clearly defined NCMPs, it should be possible for countries with fewer resources to focus their efforts on a small number of products that have wide applicability and interest.
حالة المناخ في أفريقيا 2020 (مطبوع المنظمة رقم 1275)
The State of the Climate in Africa 2020, report provides a snapshot of climate trends, observed high-impact events and associated risks and impacts on key sensitive sectors in Africa during the year 2020. The report also draws lessons on existing compunded effect of COVID-19, and pathways for investement for improving climate action in the continent.
النظام الداخلي للجنتین الفنیتین (مطبوع المنظمة رقم 1240)
اعتُمد النظام الداخلي للجنتين الفنيتين وفقاً للمادة 3 من اللائحة العامة، وهو يهدف إلى ضمان توحيد الترتيبات الإجرائية للجنتين الفنيتين ولهيئاتهما الفرعية
State of the Climate in Africa 2020 (WMO-No. 1275)
The State of the Climate in Africa 2020, report provides a snapshot of climate trends, observed high-impact events and associated risks and impacts on key sensitive sectors in Africa during the year 2020. The report also draws lessons on existing compunded effect of COVID-19, and pathways for investement for improving climate action in the continent.
Manual on the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WMO-No. 1160) : Annex VIII to the WMO Technical Regulations
This is the first edition of the Manual on the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WMO-No. 1160), developed following the decision of the Sixteenth World Meteorological Congress to proceed with the implementation of that System (WIGOS). It was approved by the Seventeenth World Meteorological Congress.
The Manual was developed by the Executive Council through its Inter-Commission Coordination Group on WIGOS, specifically its Task Team on WIGOS Regulatory Material. It is the result of a collaborative approach involving all interested technical commissions under the leadership of the C ...
Руководящие принципы по контролю и обеспечению качества данных станций приземных наблюдений для климатических применений (ВМО-№ 1269)
The publication provides guidance on quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) principles and procedures for observational data from surface meteorological stations. It discusses QC/QA requirements for climate applications, documents key elements of data life cycle quality assurance and provides a range of categorised quality control tests.
Guidelines on Surface Station Data Quality Control and Quality Assurance for Climate Applications (WMO-No. 1269)
The publication provides guidance on quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) principles and procedures for observational data from surface meteorological stations. It discusses QC/QA requirements for climate applications, documents key elements of data life cycle quality assurance and provides a range of categorised quality control tests.
WMO Open Consultative Platform White Paper #1 - Future of weather and climate forecasting (WMO-No. 1263)
The demand for weather and climate forecast information in support of critical decision-making has grown rapidly during the last decade, and will grow even faster in the coming years. Great advances have been made in the utilization of predictions in many areas of human activities. Nevertheless, further improvements in accuracy and precision, higher spatial and temporal resolution, and better description of uncertainty are needed for realizing the full potential of forecasts as enablers of a new level of weather and climate-informed decision-making.
区域协会议事规则 (WMO-No. 1241)
The rules of procedure for the regional associations have been adopted in accordance with Regulation 3 of the General Regulations. Their goal is to ensure standardized procedural arrangements for all regional associations and their subsidiary bodies.
Rules of Procedure for Regional Associations (WMO-No. 1241)
The rules of procedure for the regional associations have been adopted in accordance with Regulation 3 of the General Regulations. Their goal is to ensure standardized procedural arrangements for all regional associations and their subsidiary bodies.
技术委员会议事规则 (WMO-No. 1240)
The rules of procedure for the technical commissions have been adopted in accordance with Regulation 3 of the General Regulations. Their goal is to ensure standardized procedural arrangements for all technical commissions and their subsidiary bodies.
لجنة الرصد والبنیة التحتیة ونظم المعلومات : التقرير النهائي الموجز للدورة الأولى (مطبوع المنظمة رقم 1251)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; INFCOM-1 (18 March–18 May 2020, 9–13 November 2020, 12–16 April 2021) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1251)
النظام الداخلي للمجلس التنفیذي (مطبوع المنظمة رقم 1256)
النظام الداخلي للمجلس التنفيذي والأفرقة التي ترفع تقاريرها إليه (الفريق الاستشاري العلمي، وفريق التنسيق المناخي، وفريق التنسيق الهيدرولوجي، وفريق الخبراء المعني بالرصدات والبحوث والخدمات في المنطقتين القطبيتين والمناطق الجبلية المرتفعة، وفريق تطوير القدرات). وقد أُعد هذا النظام الداخلي وفقاً للمادة 3 من اللائحة العامة، واعتمده المجلس التنفيذي بموجب اتفاقية المنظمة واللائحة العامة للمنظمة
النظام الداخلي للاتحادات الإقلیمیة (مطبوع المنظمة رقم 1241)
اعتُمد النظام الداخلي للجنتین الفنیتین طبقاً للمادة 3 من اللائحة العامة. وھو يهدف إلى ضمان وضع ترتیبات إجرائیة
موحدة للجنتین الفنیتین وھیئاتهما الفرعیة
Rules of Procedure for the Executive Council (WMO-No. 1256)
These rules of procedure cover the Executive Council and the panels reporting to it (Scientific Advisory Panel, Climate Coordination Panel, Hydrological Coordination Panel, Panel of Experts on Polar and High-mountain Observations, Research and Services and Capacity Development Panel). Established in accordance with Regulation 3, they were adopted by the Executive Council under the authority of the Convention and of the General Regulations of the World Meteorological Organization.
Rules of Procedure for Technical Commissions (WMO-No. 1240)
The rules of procedure for the technical commissions have been adopted in accordance with Regulation 3 of the General Regulations. Their goal is to ensure standardized procedural arrangements for all technical commissions and their subsidiary bodies.
Basic documents No. 1 (WMO-No. 15)
This publication contains: the texts of the WMO Convention; the General, Staff and Financial Regulations; the text of the Agreement between the UN and WMO; the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies; and the agreement, plan of execution and protocol concluded between the Swiss Federal Council and WMO governing the latter's status in Switzerland.
Региональная ассоциация VI (Европа) - Сокращенный окончательный отчет восемнадцатой сессии (ВМО-№ 1260)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Regional Association VI (Europe), 18th session (20 November 2020 and 29 November 2021; Virtual Session) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1260)
Regional Association VI (Europe) - Abridged final report of the Eighteenth session (WMO-No. 1260)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Regional Association VI (Europe), 18th session (20 November 2020 and 29 November 2021; Virtual Session) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1260)
الاتحاد الإقليمي السادس (أوروبا) – التقرير النهائي الموجز للدورة الثامنة عشرة (مطبوع المنظمة رقم 1260)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Regional Association VI (Europe), 18th session (20 November 2020 and 29 November 2021; Virtual Session) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1260)
观测、基础设施与信息系统委员会 : 第一次届会最终节略报告 (WMO-No. 1251)
世界气象组织 (WMO); INFCOM-1 (18 March–18 May 2020, 9–13 November 2020, 12–16 April 2021) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1251)
Guidelines on Seasonal Hydrological Prediction (WMO-No. 1274)
This document introduces the general concept of seasonal hydrological forecasting and sources of predictability of hydrological parameters over longer lead-time. It provides information on available methods of seasonal hydrological prediction and corresponding data needs. It also provides basic information about the process of system design with an emphasis on users’ engagement within the entire service development and delivery cycle.
Regional Association II (Asia): Abridged final report with resolutions and decisions of the Seventeenth Session (WMO-No. 1279)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Virtual sessions (25-26 May 2021 and 27-30 September 2021) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1279)
Commission for Observation, Infrastructure and Information Systems : Abridged Final Report of the First Session (WMO-No. 1251)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; INFCOM-1 (18 March–18 May 2020, 9–13 November 2020, 12–16 April 2021) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1251)
Regional Association I (Africa): Abridged final report of the Eighteenth session (WMO-No. 1266)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Virtual session (18 to 19 March 2021 and 23-26 August 2021) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1266)
Commission for Weather, Climate, Water and Related Environmental Services and Applications : Abridged Final Report of the First Session (WMO-No. 1259)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; SERCOM-1 (March–May 2020 (by correspondence); 22–26 February 2021 (virtual session)) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1259)
Review for the Forty Years of WMO Tropical Cyclone Programme (1980–2020) (WMO-No. 1270)
To celebrate the 40 years of the WMO Tropical Cyclone Programme (TCP), a review was organized to highlight achievements and success stories of TCP for the past 40 years, including foundational background history, activities, achievements, benefits to the Members, etc. The review also briefly looked at the ways forward for the future of TCP to address the emerging challenges and opportunities in the years ahead.
WMO Guidelines on Multi-hazard Impact-based Forecast and Warning Services (WMO-No. 1150), Part II: Putting Multi-Hazard IBFWS into Practice
This publication, 1150 Part II follows WMO-No. 1150, Part I which was published in 2015. In the intervening years, as many NMHSs and their partner agencies developed impact-based forecast and warning services (IBFWS), understanding, experience and knowledge in this area has developed and grown significantly. The material presented in this “1150 Part II” seeks to distil and summarise that knowledge and to provide examples of good practices in IBFWS, illustrating and augmenting the insights contained in the original guidelines.
WMO Atlas of Mortality and Economic Losses from Weather, Climate and Water Extremes (1970–2019) (WMO-No. 1267)
An overview of impacts from weather, climate and water extremes globally from 1970 to 2019 based on disaster data from the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT). Disaster statistics are conducted for the 50-year and decadal periods at the national, regional and global scales.
A special section on the disproportionate impacts that tropical cyclones have on disaster statistics as well as on developing countries.
Contributions from UNDRR and WHO discussing relevant sectoral loss and damage statistics, challenges and opportunities in recording and analysis of loss and damage data consid ...
توجیهات بشأن التعاون بین القطاعین العام والخاص (WMO-No. 1258)
As a guiding document for Members pursuing cooperation with non-State entities aimed, inter alia, at supporting the United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda 2030, the Paris Agreement, and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. The document provides background information on the evolution of the WMO policy and the proposed transformation of the PPE Policy Framework ( edition 2018) into a WMO Guidelines.
The Guidelines are aimed to inform and facilitate global, regional and national actions by the WMO and its Members towards proactive engagement between the public, ...
2021 State of Climate Services (WMO-No. 1278)
More than 2 billion people are living in countries under water stress and 3.6 billion people face inadequate access to water at least one month per year. Meanwhile, water-related hazards have increased in frequency for the past 20 years. Since 2000, flood-related disasters have increased by 134%, and the number and duration of droughts also increased by 29%.
Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is vital to achieving long-term social, economic and environmental well-being. But, although most countries have advanced their level of IWRM implementation, 107 countries remain ...
لجنة خدمات وتطبيقات الطقس والمناخ والماء والخدمات والتطبيقات البيئية ذات الصلة : التقرير النهائي الموجز للدورة الأولى
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; SERCOM-1 (March–May 2020 (by correspondence); 22–26 February 2021 (virtual session)) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1259)
公共私营参与指导原则 (WMO-No. 1258)
As a guiding document for Members pursuing cooperation with non-State entities aimed, inter alia, at supporting the United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda 2030, the Paris Agreement, and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. The document provides background information on the evolution of the WMO policy and the proposed transformation of the PPE Policy Framework ( edition 2018) into a WMO Guidelines.
The Guidelines are aimed to inform and facilitate global, regional and national actions by the WMO and its Members towards proactive engagement between the public, ...
天气、气候、水及相关环境服务与应用委员会 : 第一次届会最终节略报告
世界气象组织 (WMO); SERCOM-1 (March–May 2020 (by correspondence); 22–26 February 2021 (virtual session)) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1259)
An Update on Low-cost Sensors for the Measurement of Atmospheric Composition, December 2020
Richard E. Peltier ; Núria Castell, Andrea L Clements, Tim Dye, Christoph Hüglin, Jesse H Kroll, Shih-Chun Candice Lung, Zhi Ning, Matthew Parsons, Michele Penza, Fabienne Reisen and Erika von Schneidemesser - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1215)The report reflects on the state of the art in terms of accuracy, reliability and reproducibility of different sensors used for the measurements of reactive and greenhouse gases, and aerosols, along with the key analytical principles and what has been learned so far about low-cost sensors from both laboratory studies and real-world tests (up to August 2020). In some cases, scientific literature that had been accepted, but not yet published in a final form, was included in this review. Some national and international government documents were also included in this synthesis. The report includes ...
Sea-ice Information and Services
This document contains a summarized history of sea-ice information services, as well as a description of the various types of sea ice, the ice observing methods currently being used, and the types of ice information services currently being provided. The sea-ice information services of 17 countries according to region, including information about organization, data acquisition, products and forecasts, publications and contact details, will be available soon on the WMO community website.
Guidelines on Ensemble Prediction System Postprocessing (WMO-No. 1254)
This guide to methods for Postprocessing of Ensemble Prediction Systems (EPS) is designed to provide an outline of different methods by which WMO Members can exploit available EPS forecasts to extract useful information and to enhance and improve forecasts using postprocessing techniques. It provides some background on what statistical methods and data choices may be used for training, real-time forecasting, and validation. It is not a detailed instruction manual on how to implement methods, or of the detailed mathematics behind methods, but wherever possible it will provide references to wher ...
Guidelines for Public-Private Engagement (WMO-No. 1258)
As a guiding document for Members pursuing cooperation with non-State entities aimed, inter alia, at supporting the United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda 2030, the Paris Agreement, and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. The document provides background information on the evolution of the WMO policy and the proposed transformation of the PPE Policy Framework ( edition 2018) into a WMO Guidelines.
The Guidelines are aimed to inform and facilitate global, regional and national actions by the WMO and its Members towards proactive engagement between the public, ...
First Report of the WMO COVID-19 Task Team : Review on Meteorological and Air Quality Factors Affecting the COVID-19 Pandemic (WMO-No. 1262)
This First Report of the WMO Research Board COVID-19 Task Team, provides an assessment of the state of knowledge of meteorological and air quality (MAQ) factors influencing the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The report critically appraises peer reviewed studies on the role of MAQ factors (Temperature, Humidity, Solar radiation, Air Quality, etc.) on the spatial and temporal variability of COVID-19 incidence and severity across climate zones, including clear interrogation of uncertainties. It also assesses the role of changing seasons on the trajectory of the pandemic at a range of time a ...
Guidance on Integrated Urban Hydrometeorological, Climate and Environment Services - Volume II : Demonstration Cities
This Guidance Volume II: Demonstration Cities presents an overview of the demand for integrated urban services and the particular practices of the integrated urban services implementation. This Guidance builds on examples from 27 demonstration cities and provides details of the types of integrated urban services and their placement within distinct administrative frameworks. The details from these cities are abstracted to create a map that illustrates the level of integration between services providers and between services and the economic sectors. According to the degree of integration, demons ...
지구기후보고서 The Global Climate 2015-2019 (WMO-No. 1249)
The Global Climate in 2015–2019 is part of the WMO Statements on Climate providing authoritative information on the state of the climate and impacts. It builds on operational monitoring systems at global, regional and national scales. It has been authored by: Peter Siegmund, lead author (Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute), Jakob Abermann (University of Graz, Austria), Omar Baddour, Michael Sparrow, Rodica Nitu, Oksana Tarasova (WMO), Pep Canadell (CSIRO Climate Science Centre, Australia), Anny Cazenave (Laboratoire d’Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Centre National d’ ...
Global Climate in 2015–2019 (WMO-No. 1249)
The Global Climate in 2015–2019 is part of the WMO Statements on Climate providing authoritative information on the state of the climate and impacts. It builds on operational monitoring systems at global, regional and national scales. It has been authored by: Peter Siegmund, lead author (Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute), Jakob Abermann (University of Graz, Austria), Omar Baddour, Michael Sparrow, Rodica Nitu, Oksana Tarasova (WMO), Pep Canadell (CSIRO Climate Science Centre, Australia), Anny Cazenave (Laboratoire d’Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Centre National d’ ...
State of the Climate in Africa 2019 (WMO-No. 1253)
The State of the Climate in Africa 2019, report provides a snapshot of climate trends, observed high-impact events and associated risks and impacts on key sensitive sectors in Africa. The report also draws lessons on existing gaps in climate change action.
Guide to Wave Analysis and Forecasting
This publication is the outcome of the revision, expansion, and up-dating of the 1998 Guide to Wave Analysis and Forecasting. It is designed to enhance the provision of up-to-date information and guidance material on all aspects of the ocean-related activities of National Meteorological Services.
This 2018 (3rd edition) represents the latest updates, taking into account the dramatic improvements in wave modelling and observational capability over the last two decades. It also contains a web-based Dynamic part, describing operational wave models, also available on the WMO website ...
2020 State of Climate Services: Risk Information and Early Warning Systems
Between 1970 and 2019, 79% of disasters worldwide involved weather, water, and climate-related hazards. These disasters accounted for 56% of deaths and 75% of economic losses from disasters associated with natural hazards reported during that period. As climate change continues to threaten human lives, ecosystems and economies, risk information and early warning systems (EWS) are increasingly seen as key for reducing these impacts. The majority of countries, including 88% of least developed countries and small island states, that submitted their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to UN ...
Resolutions and Decisions of Congress and the Executive Council
Contains lists of Resolutions and Decisions of Congress and the Executive Council.
Regional Association III (South America) : Abridged Final Report of the Eighteenth Session
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Regional Association III (South America), 18th session (25–27 November 2020; Virtual Session) - WMO, 2020 (WMO-No. 1261)
Compendium on Tropical Meteorology for Aviation Purposes
This Compendium is intended for use by airport and airspace planners and designers, air traffic controllers and flight crew to improve their knowledge of the basic processes governing weather in the tropics as well as the detailed climate and weather of the individual regions in and adjacent to the tropics. This Compendium can also be used by operational and non-operational meteorologists, including aeronautical meteorological observers and forecasters, as well as meteorological training professionals as valuable reference material and a training aid.
Guidelines on Homogenization
This publication provides guidance on homogenization of instrumental land station data. For beginners, the publication describes prerequisites for homogenization (including data rescue, quality control, metadata, parallel measurements etc), explains homogenization practices in detail and provides an overview of homogenization software packages. For advanced users, the history and mathematical theory of homogenization is introduced.
MMO Series, 03. Report of the WMO/IMO International Symposium ‘Extreme Maritime Weather: Towards Safety of Life at Sea and a Sustainable Blue Economy
The first International Symposium on “Extreme Maritime Weather: Towards Safety of Life at Sea and a Sustainable Blue Economy” was held in London at the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Headquarters from the 23rd to 25th October 2019. Jointly organized by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the IMO, over 200 participants from over 40 different countries attended, representing both private and public sectors, and including Ministers and Ambassadors. The structure of the Symposium consisted of Plenary Sessions, with invited presentations and panel discussions. The Symposium P ...
Capacity Development for Climate Services: Guidelines for National Meteorological and Hydrological Servi
These guidelines are intended to provide National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) and other climate service providers with up-to-date information on available resources, strategies, procedures and best practices to help develop their capacities in the provision and use of climate services at the global, regional and national level. The guidance focuses on enhancing the capacity of NMHSs in four key areas: institutional, infrastructural, procedural and human resources. These four areas must be considered together to achieve sustainable capacity development.
Vision for the WMO Integrated Global Observing System in 2040
This document provides high-level targets to guide the evolution of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) in the coming decades. This vision (henceforth referred to as the “Vision for WIGOS in 2040” or simply the “Vision”) replaces the “Vision for the Global Observing System in 2025”, which was adopted by the Executive Council at its sixty-first session in June 2009. In many ways, the 2025 Vision foreshadowed the development of WIGOS, whereas the current document anticipates a fully developed and implemented WIGOS framework that supports all act ...
WMO Guidelines on Emerging Data Issues
These WMO Guidelines on Emerging Data Issues are the result of a request made at the seventeenth World Meteorological Congress (Cg-17) to provide clarity and guidance for Members in navigating the rapidly changing world of data and data technologies, and especially to provide some insight regarding trends and emerging challenges in data and their use (WMO, 2015a). While these Guidelines necessarily refer to technical aspects of data, the focus is on the impact (positive and negative) of emerging data issues on WMO systems, on the systems and services provided by WMO Members, and how Members mi ...
WMO Strategic Plan 2020-2023
The Strategic Plan adopted by the Eighteenth World Meteorological Congress, in June 2019, sets the directions and priorities to guide the activities of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) during 2020–2023 and up to 2030 to enable all Members to improve their information, products and services.
Manual on Codes - International Codes, Volume I.2, Annex II to the WMO Technical Regulations : Part B – Binary Codes, Part C – Common Features to Binary and Alphanumeric Codes
Volume I contains WMO international codes for meteorological data and other geophysical data relating to meteorology. The relevant regulations are given for each code form.
Manual on the Global Data-processing and Forecasting System (WMO-No. 485): Annex IV to the WMO Technical Regulations
This manual is designed to facilitate cooperation in data-processing and forecasting among Members; to specify obligations of Members in the implementation of the World Weather Watch (WWW) Global Data-processing and Forecasting System (GDPFS); and to ensure adequate uniformity and standardization in the practices and procedures employed in achieving these.
Guide to WMO Information System (WMO-No. 1061)
In conjunction with the Manual on the WMO Information System (Manual on WIS) (WMO-No. 1060), the Guide to the WMO Information System (Guide to WIS) is designed to ensure adequate uniformity and standardization in the data, information and communication practices, procedures and specifications employed among WMO Members in the operation of the WMO Information System (WIS) as it supports the mission of WMO. The Manual on WIS, Annex VII to the WMO Technical Regulations (WMO-No. 49), contains standard and recommended practices, procedures and specifications. The Guide to WIS contains additional in ...
Guide to the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WMO-No. 1165)
This edition of the Guide provides material relevant to some of the new WIGOS-related regulations. The topics cover the new system of WIGOS station identifiers, the new requirements to record and make available metadata as specified in the WIGOS Metadata Standard, the new Observing Systems Capability Analysis and Review (OSCAR) tool to be used by Members to submit metadata for WMO global compilation, the new observing network design principles, national WIGOS implementation, WIGOS data partnerships, Regional WIGOS Centres, and WIGOS Data Quality Monitoring System for surface-based observations ...
Basic Documents, 2. Technical Regulations, Volume I: General Meteorological Standards and Recommended Practices
The Technical Regulations are determined by the World Meteorological Congress in accordance with Article 8 (d) of the Convention.
These Regulations are designed:
(a) To facilitate cooperation in meteorology and hydrology among Members;
(b) To meet, in the most effective manner, specific needs in the various fields of application of meteorology and operational hydrology in the international sphere;
(c) To ensure adequate uniformity and standardization in the practices and procedures employed in achieving (a) and (b) above.
Manual on the WMO Information System (WMO-No. 1060) : Annex VII to the WMO Technical Regulations
The Manual on the WMO Information System (WMO-No. 1060) is designed to ensure adequate uniformity and standardization of data, information and communications practices, procedures and specifications employed among World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Members in the operation of the WMO Information System (WIS) as it supports the mission of the Organization.
2019 State of Climate Services: Agriculture and Food Security
The report provides case studies, examples and explanations as to the role of climate information and services to support agriculture in the face of climate variability and change, assesses gaps and makes recommendations. This analysis helps highlight both challenges and opportunities for climate service efforts aimed at promoting climate resilient development and adaptation action.
Manual on Codes - International Codes, Volume I.3 - Annex II to the WMO Technical Regulations : Part D – Representations derived from data models
Part D – Representations derived from data models consists of the specification of the list of standard representations derived from data models, including those using extensible markup language (XML), with their specifications and associated code tables. This is the first edition of Volume I.3 of the Manual on Codes and introduces the use of XML.
Origin, Impact and Aftermath of WMO Resolution 40
In 2020, WMO celebrates its seventieth anniversary, and its community is again presented with both opportunities and threats from scientific progress, new technologies and major shifts in public policy in many countries. Together, these suggest a need to re-examine the policy foundations of current practice.
Guidance on Integrated Urban Hydrometeorological, Climate and Environmental Services - Volume I : Concept and Methodology
This Guidance on Integrated Urban Hydrometeorological, Climate and Environment Services (Volume I: Concept and Methodology) serves to assist WMO Members in the development and implementation of the urban services that address the needs of the cities stakeholders in their countries.
WIGOS Metadata Standard
French, Spanish and Arabic versions still in preparation
Compendium of WMO Competency Frameworks
The purpose of this Compendium is to provide Members with easy access to all the WMO competency frameworks that have been implemented since the first frameworks for aeronautical meteorological personnel were put in place in 2013. This publication accompanies the Guide to Competency (WMO-No. 1205), which provides competency implementation advice to Members.
Guidance on Environmental Flows : Integrating E-flow Science with Fluvial Geomorphology to Maintain Ecosystem Services
Fluvial systems provide a wide range of necessary services for human society to thrive on. These are the so-called ecosystem services: food, drinking water, natural flood mitigation, energy and so forth. Such services are linked to an appropriate level of functionality of fluvial processes, which can be accounted for in terms of ecological objectives. These ecological objectives in watercourses can be reached only if appropriate flow and sediment regimes and related quality of channel morphology are guaranteed. The establishment and maintenance of such flow regimes, namely environmental flows ...
WMO Statement on the state of the global climate in 2018
This publication marks the twenty-fifth anniversary of the WMO Statement on the State of the Global Climate, which was first issued in 1994. The 2019 edition treating data for 2018 marks sustained international efforts dedicated to reporting on, analysing and understanding the year-to-year variations and long-term trends of a changing climate.
دلیل أدوات وطرق الرصد - مطبوع المنظمة رقم 8
وصدرت الطبعة الأولى من دلیل أدوات وطرق رصد الأحوال الجویة (مطبوع المنظمة رقم 8) في عام 1954 وكانت تتألف من اثني عشر فصلاً. ومنذ ذلك الحین، ظلت مسألة التوحید القیاسي مصدر قلق ومن ھنا تواصل اللجنة استعراض محتویات .(CIMO) رئیسیاً بالنسبة لأنشطة لجنة أدوات وطرق الرصد الدلیل وتتأكد من أن عملیات التحدیث المنتظمة تشمل المواد الإرشادیة الحدیثة التي تعكس التطور السریع للتكنولوجیا وتنفیذھا في مجال أدوات وطرق رصد الأحوال الجویة
Guide to Instruments and Methods of Observation (WMO-No. 8)
The first edition of this guide was published in 1950.
Basic Documents, 2. Technical Regulations, Volume II: Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation
These Regulations are designed:
(a) To facilitate cooperation in meteorology and hydrology between Members;
(b) To meet, in the most effective manner, specific needs in the various fields of application of meteorology and operational hydrology in the international sphere; and
(c) To ensure adequate uniformity and standardization in the practices and procedures employed in achieving (a) and (b) above.
Guide to Competency
The purpose of this Guide is to provide guidance to Members’ organizations that are developing, implementing and/or maintaining competency-based training and assessment programmes based upon the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) competency frameworks established in the Technical Regulations, Volume I (WMO-No.49).
Examples of selected Members’ best practices are included in this guidance material to facilitate transfer of knowledge and experience, and thus enable organizations to achieve compliance with the WMO requirements in the most efficient way.
This Guide will also be ...
Guide to marine meteorological services
Internationally agreed methods of providing services to the marine community around the world are described in the Manual on Marine Meteorological Services (WMO-No. 558), Volume I. The purpose of this Guide is to complement the Manual by:
(a) Describing the requirements for the various types of service;
(b) Explaining the rationale for the agreed methods of providing services;
(c) Giving guidance on how to set up and maintain marine meteorological services.
It follows the same structure as the Manual on Marine Meteorological Services.
Satellite Data Telecommunication Handbook
This handbook is a guide to using satellite telecommunication systems and is provided as an attachment to the Guide to the WMO Information System (WMO-No. 1061). It is intended for scientists and managers who are considering using satellite communications to collect data from remote instrumentation located either on land or at sea. The handbook aims to provide an overview of the state of the market at the time of writing (April 2018) so that users can quickly identify which satellite services are appropriate for their needs. Since the market is evolving rapidly, an online version will be made ...
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