Guide to Instruments and Methods of Observation

World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 2018 (2018 Edition; WMO-No. 8)

The first edition of this guide was published in 1950.

English , French , Spanish , Russian , Arabic , Chinese''Chinese

 Guide to Instruments and Methods of Observation

World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

Published by: WMO ; 2018 (2018 Edition)

The first edition of this guide was published in 1950.

Notes: Online archive (from 1950 onward) is available for logged-in users. Not registered yet? Click here or contact library(at)wmo.int (please replace at by @). - Other parts in preparation.

Collection(s) and Series: WMO- No. 8

Language(s): English; Other Languages: French, Spanish, Russian, Arabic

Format: Digital (Free)

ISBN (or other code): 978-92-63-10008-5

Tags: Observations ; Meteorological instrument ; Hydrometeorological instrument ; Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) ; Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS) ; WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) ; Methodology ; Guide ; Meteorology ; OBS - Personnel installing and maintaining instrumentation ; OBS - Personnel managing observing programmes and networks ; OBS - Personnel performing instrument calibrations ; OBS - Personnel performing meteorological observations ; Instruments and Methods of Observation Programme (IMOP) ; Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observation (CIMO) ; Technical Publications ; CIMO Guide ; guide cimo wmo-8 Add tag

Content

 Part I. Measurement of meteorological variables (2014 Edition) 

 Part II. Observing systems (2014 Edition) 

 Volume IV – Space-based Observations (2018 Edition) 

 Volume V – Quality Assurance and Management of Observing Systems (2018 Edition) 

Translated under the title

 Guide des instruments et des méthodes d’observation (Edition 2018)

 Guía de Instrumentos y Métodos de Observación (Edición de 2014)

 دلیل أدوات وطرق رصد الأحوال الجویة (طبعة 2014)

 Руководство по приборам и методам наблюдений (Издание 2014 г. Обновлено в 2017 г.) 

 气象仪器与观测方法指南 (2014年版. 2017年更新)

 气象仪器与观测方法指南 (2014年版. 2017年更新)

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Meteorological Instrument Performance Characteristics

NCAR's Earth Observing Laboratory ; The COMET Program ; Millersville University - The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, 2017

This advanced lesson explores the performance characteristics of instrumentation used for meteorological measurements. Static performance characteristics are examined in the context of calibration, which offers a means to determine an instrument's response. Dynamic performance characteristics, including first and second order inputs, are discussed using three classic examples: step or impulse, ramp or time varying, and oscillatory inputs. The lesson provides information about the effects of representativeness and regional homogeneity on measurements, and also describes processes for obtaining ...

English

 Meteorological Instrument Performance Characteristics

  Available online: https://www.meted.ucar.edu/instrumentation/performance_char/

NCAR's Earth Observing Laboratory ; The COMET Program (Boulder, United States of America) ; Millersville University

Published by: The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research ; 2017

This advanced lesson explores the performance characteristics of instrumentation used for meteorological measurements. Static performance characteristics are examined in the context of calibration, which offers a means to determine an instrument's response. Dynamic performance characteristics, including first and second order inputs, are discussed using three classic examples: step or impulse, ramp or time varying, and oscillatory inputs. The lesson provides information about the effects of representativeness and regional homogeneity on measurements, and also describes processes for obtaining quantitative estimates of uncertainty.

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Language(s): English

Format: Digital (Free)

Tags: Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) ; Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS) ; WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) ; Observations ; Meteorological instrument ; Climate ; Hydrometeorological instrument ; OBS - Personnel managing observing programmes and networks ; OBS - Personnel performing meteorological observations Add tag

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Guide to Aircraft-based Observations

World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 2017 (2017 edition; WMO-No. 1200)

English

 Guide to Aircraft-based Observations

  Available online: Full text

World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

Published by: WMO ; 2017 (2017 edition)

Collection(s) and Series: WMO- No. 1200

Language(s): English

Format: Digital (Free)

ISBN (or other code): 978-92-63-11200-2

Tags: Observations ; Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) ; Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS) ; WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) ; Guide ; Aeronautical meteorology ; OBS - Personnel managing observing programmes and networks ; OBS - Personnel performing meteorological observations ; Instruments and Methods of Observation Programme (IMOP) ; Governance Publications Add tag

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WIGOS Technical Report, 2016-01. AMDAR Benefits to the Air Transport Industry

Falise Frédéric; World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 2016

This report describes and documents the benefits that the Air Transport Industry (ATI) gains from increased forecast accuracy achieved through the daily collection of atmospheric data gathered by approximately 4,000 inflight commercial aircraft. The report also outlines the Aircraft Meteorological DAta Relay (AMDAR) observing system, the forecast process and describes the importance that AMDAR data plays in numerical weather prediction (NWP).
Measuring the benefits to the ATI requires first to describe and to quantify the improved weather forecast accuracies due solely to the assimilat ...

English

 AMDAR Benefits to the Air Transport Industry

  Available online: Full text

Frédéric Falise ; World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

Published by: WMO ; 2016

This report describes and documents the benefits that the Air Transport Industry (ATI) gains from increased forecast accuracy achieved through the daily collection of atmospheric data gathered by approximately 4,000 inflight commercial aircraft. The report also outlines the Aircraft Meteorological DAta Relay (AMDAR) observing system, the forecast process and describes the importance that AMDAR data plays in numerical weather prediction (NWP).
Measuring the benefits to the ATI requires first to describe and to quantify the improved weather forecast accuracies due solely to the assimilation of the AMDAR data into NWP and its availability to meteorologists. The effects and impacts of the resulting improved forecasts are categorized according to their characteristics (linear1, threshold, etc.) and in relation with each operational activity performed by each ATI sector and function.
For the airlines, we can clearly quantify the benefits of more accurate wind forecasts especially on the fuel burn calculation and fuel load made prior to flight. The impacts during flights and for the other operational activities are more difficult to model. Statistical data for each operational decision derived from better forecast accuracy would be needed to make such assessments. These ‘relational’ statistics are less likely to be documented and much more complex to evaluate. Indeed complex weather phenomena (like convective storms, icing, fog, etc.) are the primary disruptive sources to ATI operations and their prediction certainly is improved with the availability of AMDAR data. However, we are able to leverage a modeling method which relates the Weather Impact Traffic Index (WITI) and the Forecast Accuracy Index (WITI-FA) to calculate an economic impact accounting for the significant role that AMDAR plays in increasing weather forecast accuracy. For other operational activities and aspects of the ATI, there is considerable and well-justified subjective evidence and testimony of the positive impact and value of AMDAR data.
The report therefore provides strong quantitative and ample qualitative evidence of significant benefits and costs savings to be gained from ATI support and participation in the WMO AMDAR Program.

Collection(s) and Series:  WIGOS Technical Report- No. 2016-01

Language(s): English

Format: Digital (Free)

Tags: Observations ; Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) ; Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS) ; WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) ; Text/ Reading ; Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR) ; Numerical weather prediction ; OBS - Personnel managing observing programmes and networks ; OBS - Personnel performing meteorological observations ; Instruments and Methods of Observation Programme (IMOP) Add tag

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WIGOS Technical Report, 2015-01. Impact and benefits of AMDAR temperature, wind and moisture observations in operational weather forecasting

World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 2015

This report reviews the impact of AMDAR observations on operational NWP forecasts at both regional and global scales that support national and local weather forecast offices across the globe.

English

 Impact and benefits of AMDAR temperature, wind and moisture observations in operational weather forecasting

 PDF 

World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

Published by: WMO ; 2015

This report reviews the impact of AMDAR observations on operational NWP forecasts at both regional and global scales that support national and local weather forecast offices across the globe.

Collection(s) and Series:  WIGOS Technical Report- No. 2015-01

Language(s): English

Format: Digital (Free)

Tags: Observations ; Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) ; Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS) ; WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) ; Text/ Reading ; Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR) ; OBS - Personnel managing observing programmes and networks ; OBS - Personnel performing meteorological observations ; Instruments and Methods of Observation Programme (IMOP) ; Global Observing System (GOS) Add tag

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Introduction to Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR)

The COMET Program - The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, 2014

Introduction to Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR) provides national meteorological services worldwide, airlines, and aviation organizations with information about the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) aircraft-based observing system. The audience includes meteorological service managers and providers, observational development groups, the aviation industry, and others interested in benefiting from an aircraft-based observing system in their region. The content includes interviews with several experts to provide examples of AMDAR use for both meteorological and aviation applications. Additional details about the systems and requirements for implementing AMDAR are also included.

English

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The WMO AMDAR Observing System : Benefits to airlines and aviation

World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 2014

A 4-page brochure, developed and published by WMO, that briefly explains the benefits of the AMDAR observing system to airlines and the aviation industry.

English

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WIGOS Technical Report, 2014-02. Requirements for the Implementation and Operation of an AMDAR Programme

World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 2014

This document provides guidance to WMO Members on the requirements for the establishment and operation of a national or regional AMDAR observing system in collaboration with one or more partner commercial airlines. It has been contributed to and reviewed by observing system experts of WMO Members, including members of the WMO Commission for Basic Systems (CBS) Expert Team on Aircraft-Based Observing Systems (ET-ABO).

English , Russian

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Всемирная метеорологическая организация Технический отчет, 2014-02. Требования к осуществлению и функционированию программы AMDAR

Всемирная Метеорологическая Организация (BMO) - BMO, 2014

В настоящем документе представлено руководство для стран-членов ВМО относитель-но требований к созданию и эксплуатации в сотрудничестве с одной или несколькими партнерскими коммерческими авиакомпаниями национальной или региональной систе-мы наблюдений AMDAR. Данный документ был составлен и пересмотрен экспертами в области систем наблюдений стран-членов ВМО, включая членов группы экспертов по системам наблюдений с бортов ВС (ET-ABO) Комиссии по основным системам (КОС) ВМО.

Russian, English

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Guide to the Global Observing System

World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 2010 (2010 edition updated in 2017; WMO-No. 488)

The main purpose of this guide is to provide practical information on the development, organization, implementation and operation of the Global Observing System in order to enhance both the participation of individual Members in the System and the benefits they may obtain from it. The Guide explains and describes Global Observing System practices, procedures and specifications and is aimed at assisting the technical and administrative staff of National Meteorological Services responsible for the networks of observing stations in preparing national instructions for observers.

English , French , Spanish , Russian , Chinese

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