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Informes y pronósticos de aerodromo (OMM-N° 782) : manual para la utilización de las claves
This booklet is a simple guide to the aeronautical meteorological codes, METAR, SPECI and TAF, applicable on 4 November 2021, updated as a result of the alignment of the Technical Regulations (WMO-No. 49), Volume II – Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation, Parts I and II, with Amendment 80 to Annex 3 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. It is aimed at a wide range of users such as pilots, flight dispatchers, air traffic control staff and meteorological observers at smaller aerodromes where sophisticated automated instruments are not available. Although the reade ...
Messages et prévisions d’aérodromes (OMM-N° 782) : guide d'utilisation des codes
This booklet is a simple guide to the aeronautical meteorological codes, METAR, SPECI and TAF, applicable on 4 November 2021, updated as a result of the alignment of the Technical Regulations (WMO-No. 49), Volume II – Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation, Parts I and II, with Amendment 80 to Annex 3 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. It is aimed at a wide range of users such as pilots, flight dispatchers, air traffic control staff and meteorological observers at smaller aerodromes where sophisticated automated instruments are not available. Although the reade ...
Сводки и прогнозы по аэродрому (ВМО-№ 782) : Пособие по пользованию кодами
This booklet is a simple guide to the aeronautical meteorological codes, METAR, SPECI and TAF, applicable on 4 November 2021, updated as a result of the alignment of the Technical Regulations (WMO-No. 49), Volume II – Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation, Parts I and II, with Amendment 80 to Annex 3 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. It is aimed at a wide range of users such as pilots, flight dispatchers, air traffic control staff and meteorological observers at smaller aerodromes where sophisticated automated instruments are not available. Although the reade ...
Aerodrome reports and forecasts (WMO-No. 782) : A Users’ Handbook to the Codes
This booklet is a simple guide to the aeronautical meteorological codes, METAR, SPECI and TAF, applicable on 4 November 2021, updated as a result of the alignment of the Technical Regulations (WMO-No. 49), Volume II – Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation, Parts I and II, with Amendment 80 to Annex 3 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. It is aimed at a wide range of users such as pilots, flight dispatchers, air traffic control staff and meteorological observers at smaller aerodromes where sophisticated automated instruments are not available. Although the reade ...
WMO 关于生成全套国家气候监测既定产品的 指导原则 (WMO-No. 1204)
世界气象组织 (WMO) - 世界气象组织 (WMO), 2021本出版物旨在为多数国家能以一致和简便方法制作NCMP 清单提供规范。拥有了明确界定 的NCMP，资源较缺乏的国家应该可以把精力集中在少数可广为适用和有意的产品上。
بشأن (WMO) المبادئ التوجیهیة للمنظمة إعداد مجموعة محددة من النواتج الوطنیة لمراقبة المناخ (WMO-No. 1204)
The aim of this publication is to provide a specification for the shortlist of NCMPs that can be produced consistently and easily by most countries. By having clearly defined NCMPs, it should be possible for countries with fewer resources to focus their efforts on a small number of products that have wide applicability and interest.
Guidelines on Seasonal Hydrological Prediction (WMO-No. 1274)
This document introduces the general concept of seasonal hydrological forecasting and sources of predictability of hydrological parameters over longer lead-time. It provides information on available methods of seasonal hydrological prediction and corresponding data needs. It also provides basic information about the process of system design with an emphasis on users’ engagement within the entire service development and delivery cycle.
WMO Guidelines on Multi-hazard Impact-based Forecast and Warning Services (WMO-No. 1150), Part II: Putting Multi-Hazard IBFWS into Practice
This publication, 1150 Part II follows WMO-No. 1150, Part I which was published in 2015. In the intervening years, as many NMHSs and their partner agencies developed impact-based forecast and warning services (IBFWS), understanding, experience and knowledge in this area has developed and grown significantly. The material presented in this “1150 Part II” seeks to distil and summarise that knowledge and to provide examples of good practices in IBFWS, illustrating and augmenting the insights contained in the original guidelines.
Guidance on Integrated Urban Hydrometeorological, Climate and Environment Services - Volume II : Demonstration Cities
This Guidance Volume II: Demonstration Cities presents an overview of the demand for integrated urban services and the particular practices of the integrated urban services implementation. This Guidance builds on examples from 27 demonstration cities and provides details of the types of integrated urban services and their placement within distinct administrative frameworks. The details from these cities are abstracted to create a map that illustrates the level of integration between services providers and between services and the economic sectors. According to the degree of integration, demons ...
Directrices sobre homogeneización
This publication provides guidance on homogenization of instrumental land station data. For beginners, the publication describes prerequisites for homogenization (including data rescue, quality control, metadata, parallel measurements etc), explains homogenization practices in detail and provides an overview of homogenization software packages. For advanced users, the history and mathematical theory of homogenization is introduced.
Capacity Development for Climate Services: Guidelines for National Meteorological and Hydrological Servi
These guidelines are intended to provide National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) and other climate service providers with up-to-date information on available resources, strategies, procedures and best practices to help develop their capacities in the provision and use of climate services at the global, regional and national level. The guidance focuses on enhancing the capacity of NMHSs in four key areas: institutional, infrastructural, procedural and human resources. These four areas must be considered together to achieve sustainable capacity development.
SP, 14. RA II and RA V Survey on the Use of Satellite Data
The purpose of the present RA II and RA V Survey on the Use of Satellite Data 2018 is to collect up-to-date information on WMO Members’ capabilities and needs regarding the use of satellite data in meteorological, climate, water and related environmental applications.
The survey was conducted under the leadership of the WMO Regional Coordination Groups on Satellite Data Requirements for Regional Association II and Regional Association V, that are the Regional Association II World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS). Project to Develop Support for ...
WMO Guidelines on Emerging Data Issues
These WMO Guidelines on Emerging Data Issues are the result of a request made at the seventeenth World Meteorological Congress (Cg-17) to provide clarity and guidance for Members in navigating the rapidly changing world of data and data technologies, and especially to provide some insight regarding trends and emerging challenges in data and their use (WMO, 2015a). While these Guidelines necessarily refer to technical aspects of data, the focus is on the impact (positive and negative) of emerging data issues on WMO systems, on the systems and services provided by WMO Members, and how Members mi ...
Руководящие принципы ВМО по новым вопросам в области данных
Настоящие Руководящие принципы ВМО по новым вопросам в области данных было подготовлено в ответ на поручение Семнадцатого Всемирного метеорологического конгресса (Кг-17) обеспечить ясность Членам и предоставить им руководящие указания относительно ориентирования в быстро меняющемся мире данных и информационных технологий и в частности дать им представление о тенденциях и возникающих проблемах в области данных и их использования (ВМО, 2015а). Хотя в Руководящих принципах безусловно рассматриваются технические аспекты данных, основное внимание в нем уделено воздействию (позитивному и негативному ...
Guidance on Integrated Urban Hydrometeorological, Climate and Environmental Services - Volume I : Concept and Methodology
This Guidance on Integrated Urban Hydrometeorological, Climate and Environment Services (Volume I: Concept and Methodology) serves to assist WMO Members in the development and implementation of the urban services that address the needs of the cities stakeholders in their countries.
المبادئ التوجیهیة للمنظمة العالمیة للأرصاد الجوية بشأن القضايا الناشئة في مجال البیانات
المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد - المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد, 2019 (طبعة 2019; مجموعة مطبوعات المنظمة-No. 1239)وقد أُعدّت المبادئ التوجیهیة للمنظمة العالمیة للأرصاد الجوية بشأن القضايا الناشئة في مجال البیانات من أجل توفیر (Cg- استجابةً للطلب الذي قُدِّم إبّان المؤتمر العالمي السابع عشر للأرصاد الجوية ( 17 التوضیح والإرشاد للأعضاء في ظل عالم البیانات وتكنولوجیات البیانات سريع التطور، وبخاصةٍ توضیح .(2015a ، التوجهات والتحديات الناشئة في مجال البیانات واستخدامها (المنظمة العالمیة للأرصاد الجوية ولا شك في أن ھذه المبادئ التوجیهیة تشیر بطبیعة الحال إلى بعض الجوانب الفنیة للبیانات، غیر أنها تركِّز وعلى النظم ،(WMO) على التأثیر (الإيجابي والسلبي) للقضايا الناشئة في مجال البیانات على نظم المنظمة وعلى طريقة ا ...
WMO新兴数据问题指导原则
《WMO新兴数据问题指导原则》是根据第十七次世界气象大会（Cg-17）的要求编写的，以便为会员应对快速变化的世界数据和数据技术提供说明和指导，特别是提供了一些关于数据及其使用的趋势和新出现挑战方面的深入见解（WMO，2015a）。尽管本指导原则必然涉及数据的技术方面，但重点是新兴数据问题对WMO系统、对WMO会员提供的系统和服务的影响（正面和负面），以及会员如何集体、共同和单独地在全球、区域和/或国家级别做出响应。本指导原则的直接依据是基本系统委员会（CBS）牵头开展的审查报告（WMO，2019a）。
Directrices de la OMM sobre los nuevos desafíos en materia de datos
Las Directrices de la OMM sobre los nuevos desafíos en materia de datos son el resultado de una solicitud formulada en el Decimoséptimo Congreso Meteorológico Mundial para arrojar luz y proporcionar orientación a los Miembros sobre cómo desenvolverse en un mundo de datos y tecnologías de datos en rápida evolución, y en especial para ayudar a comprender las tendencias y los nuevos desafíos en materia de datos y su utilización (OMM, 2015a). Las Directrices, si bien atañen a los aspectos técnicos de los datos, se centran en las repercusiones (positivas y negativas) de los nuevos desafíos en mater ...
Directives de l’OMM concernant les nouveaux enjeux en matière de données
Les Directives de l’OMM concernant les nouveaux enjeux en matière de données font suite à la demande formulée par le Dix septième Congrès météorologique mondial d’éclairer et d’orienter les Membres sur l’évolution rapide des données et des technologies qui s’y rapportent, notamment sur les tendances et les nouveaux enjeux relatifs aux données et à leur utilisation (OMM, 2015a). Bien que faisant naturellement référence à des aspects techniques, le document s’intéresse surtout aux répercussions (positives et négatives) que les questions émergentes touchant aux données ont sur les systèmes de l’O ...
SP, 13. WMO 2016 Survey on the Use of Satellite Data
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) commissioned the WMO 2016 Survey on the Use of Satellite Data to collect information on the availability and use of satellite data and products for meteorological and related environmental applications by users globally, and to identify obstacles and areas for improvement. WMO carries out this global Survey every four years, and the results from the previous 2012 Survey1 are used as a baseline in this report wherever possible.
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Handbook collection. Public Information and Warnings Handbook
The effective communication of public information and warnings is a critical element of emergency management, with the power to save lives. This handbook provides insight and guidance to people who have responsibility for communication with the public in the event of an emergency. The handbook presents nationally agreed principles for warning policy and practice and explores the essential elements and discipline of effective public information and warning delivery.
This handbook is designed to be of value across a wide range of hazards. Whether it is a natural hazard or weather ...
Guidelines on Quality Management in Climate Services
Chapter 1 provides a description of the process approach within the ISO 9000 family of QMS standards. Chapter 2 describes the implementation of the process approach in climate services. Chapters 3–6 provide some essential aspects, examples and best practices to be considered when implementing the process approach in climate services processes: climate data, climate monitoring, climate prediction and service delivery. Chapter 7 mentions briefly some steps in obtaining certification.
Руководящие указания по поэтапному созданию национальной рамочной основы для климатического обслуживания
Настоящий документ разъясняет, как начать и разработать эффективную НРОКО, которая будет служить в качестве ключевого координационного механизма, сводящего воедино локальные, национальные, региональные и глобальные заинтересованные стороны, необходимые для формирования и предоставления совместно спроектированного и произведенного климатического обслуживания, с пользователями и для них, эффективно увязывающего знания о климате с действиями на местах на национальном и локальном уровнях.
Step-by-step Guidelines for Establishing a National Framework for Climate Services
This document explains how to initiate and develop a functional NFCS that will serve as a key coordination mechanism to bring together the local, national, regional and global stakeholders needed for successful generation and delivery of co-designed and co-produced climate services with and for users, effectively linking climate knowledge with action on the ground at national and local levels.
SP, 12. Guidelines on Satellite Skills and Knowledge for Operational Meteorologists
This document describes the underpinning skills that support the WMO competencies that relate to the use of satellite data by operational meteorologists.
Directrices detalladas para la creación de un marco nacional para los servicios climáticos
El objetivo de la presente publicación es ayudar a los Servicios Meteorológicos e Hidrológicos Nacionales (SMHN) y a sus instituciones asociadas a nivel nacional, que llevan a cabo actividades relacionadas con los cinco pilares del Marco Mundial para los Servicios Climáticos (MMSC), de modo que creen un marco nacional para los servicios climáticos. Un marco nacional de esas características tiene por finalidad coordinar las actividades de las instituciones y facilitar su colaboración en el diseño conjunto, la elaboración conjunta, la difusión, la prestación y la utilización de servicios climáti ...
SP, 12. 指导业务气象工作者提高卫星技能和知识的原则
世界气象组织 (WMO) - 世界气象组织 (WMO), 2018本文件介绍了可支持业务气象工作者使用卫星资料的WMO能力领域的基础技能。这些技能包括：
КП, 12. Руководящие принципы по навыкам и знаниям в области использования спутниковых данных для оперативных метеорологов
В настоящем документе описаны фундаментальные навыки, подкрепляющие компетенции ВМО, связанные с использованием спутниковых данных оперативными метеорологами.
SP, 12. Directives sur les aptitudes et connaissances des météorologues des services d’exploitation en matière de satellites
Le présent document décrit le socle d’aptitudes qui sous‑tend les champs de compétence de l’Organisation météorologique mondiale (OMM) relatifs à l’utilisation des données satellitaires par les météorologues des services d’exploitation.
PE, 12. Directrices sobre aptitudes y conocimientos satelitales para meteorólogos de los servicios de operaciones
El presente documento describe las aptitudes fundamentales en apoyo de las competencias de la Organización Meteorológica Mundial (OMM) relativas al uso de datos satelitales por meteorólogos de los servicios de operaciones.
Marche à suivre pour établir un cadre national pour les services climatologiques
La présente publication entend faciliter la mise en place d’un cadre national pour les services climatologiques (CNSC) par les Services météorologiques et hydrologiques nationaux (SMHN) et par leurs partenaires au sein des cinq composantes du Cadre mondial pour les services climatologiques (CMSC). Un cadre national assure la coordination des actions engagées afin que les institutions se concertent sur l’élaboration, la production, la communication, la fourniture et l’utilisation des services climatologiques à l’appui de la prise de décisions dans les secteurs socio-économiques sensibles au cli ...
مبادئ توجيهية خطوة بخطوة لإنشاء إطار وطني للخدمات المناخية
وتفسّر ھذه الوثیقة كیفیة بدء وتطوير إطار وطني وظیفي للخدمات المناخیة ( NFCS ) سیُستخدم كآلیة تنسیق رئیسیة للجمع ما بین الجهات المعنیة صاحبة المصلحة على كل من الصعید المحلي والوطني والإقلیمي والعالمي الضرورية للنجاح في إعداد وتقديم خدمات مناخیة مصمّمة على نحو مشترك ومُعدَّة على نحو مشترك مع المستخدمین ومن أجلهم، تربط بفعالیة المعارف المناخیة بالعمل على أرض الواقع على الصعیدين الوطني والمحلي.
建立国家气候服务框架的步骤 指南
本文阐释了如何创建和开发功能性NFCS，将其作为关键的协调机制，将必要的地方、国家、区域 和全球利益相关方联合起来，以便成功打造与用户共同设计和联合制作的气候服务并为用户提供， 同时将气候知识与国家和地方层面的落地行动有效衔接。
Directrices de la Organización Meteorológica Mundial sobre la generación de un conjunto definido de productos nacionales de vigilancia del clima (OMM-N° 1204)
La finalidad de la presente publicación consiste en proporcionar especificaciones para esa lista breve de productos nacionales de vigilancia del clima, que prácticamente todos los países pueden producir de manera coherente y fácil. El hecho de disponer de una lista de productos nacionales de vigilancia del clima claramente definidos debería servir para que los países con menos recursos puedan concentrar sus esfuerzos en un número reducido de productos de gran aplicabilidad e interés.
Directives de l’OMM sur l’élaboration d’un ensemble défini de produits nationaux de surveillance du climat (OMM-N° 1204)
La présente publication a pour vocation de définir les caractéristiques des produits qui figurent sur cette liste et qui peuvent être élaborés facilement et de la même façon par la plupart des pays, y compris ceux dont les ressources sont limitées et qui devraient ainsi pouvoir concentrer leurs efforts sur un petit nombre d’indicateurs pertinents aux applications multiples.
WMO Guidelines on Generating a Defined Set of National Climate Monitoring Products (WMO-No. 1204)
The aim of this publication is to provide a specification for the shortlist of NCMPs that can be produced consistently and easily by most countries. By having clearly defined NCMPs, it should be possible for countries with fewer resources to focus their efforts on a small number of products that have wide applicability and interest.
Guidelines on the Role, Operation and Management of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services
These Guidelines are intended to provide a one-stop, consistent and contemporary reference resource from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) for managers of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs). They should help with many of the challenges that directors and managers of NMHSs face, including:
– Ensuring that the NMHS is able to meet national needs for meteorological, hydrological and related data and services;
– Responding to newly identified challenges in a rapidly changing world;
– Clarifying and articulating the mandate of the NMHS;
– ...
WMO Guidelines on the Calculation of Climate Normals
The focus of this document is on observations at surface meteorological observing stations. However, many of the principles will also be valid for other forms of observations, including upper-air observations and datasets based on mobile or remotely sensed platforms (for example, satellites, radar or drifting buoys). In particular, as many key remotely sensed datasets begin in the 1970s, it is recommended that, where feasible, the current climatological standard normal period (1981–2010 at the time of writing) be used for these datasets to allow comparison among different data forms on a consi ...
Guidelines for Nowcasting Techniques
The purpose of the WMO nowcasting guidelines presented here is to help National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) by providing them with information and knowledge on how to implement a nowcasting system with the resources available to them and an understanding of the current state of science and technology.
Guidelines on Best Practices for Achieving User Readiness for New Meteorological Satellites
The current publication presents, in an integrated manner, best practices for user-readiness projects performed by user organizations (for example, NMHSs) as well as for satellite development programmes in support of user readiness. Definitions of and a timeline for deliverables are presented that should be made available by the satellite development programmes to user-readiness projects. The best practices documented here therefore apply to both user organizations (section 3) and satellite operators (section 5). The primary audiences for this publication are Members of the Coordination Group ...
Guidelines for the Assessment of Uncertainty for Hydrometric Measurement
In view of the increasing pressure on water resources, National Hydrological Services (NHSs) worldwide are faced with the challenge to deliver hydrological services of high quality, timeliness and proven credibility, to assist the decision making process of water and natural resources managers. Nowadays, it is commonly expected that these services must be based on information that includes an accurate assessment of its uncertainty. Stream discharge, the basic hydrological variable, is no exception, yet most measurements are still reported as a value without any information on its associated un ...
Directives de l’OMM pour le calcul des normales climatiques
Le présent document traite avant tout des observations réalisées dans les stations météorologiques en surface. Toutefois, bon nombre des principes exposés ici s’appliquent également à d’autres formes de relevés, comme les observations aérologiques et les jeux de données obtenus à partir de plateformes mobiles ou de télédétection (satellites, radars ou bouées dérivantes par exemple). Comme les jeux de données obtenus par télédétection remontent le plus souvent jusqu'aux années 70, il est recommandé de leur appliquer, dans la mesure du possible, la période climatologique standard actuelle (1981- ...
WMO气候平均值计算指南
本文件侧重于地面气象观测站的观测资料。然而，许多原理同样适用于其它形式的观测资 料，包括基于移动或遥感平台（如卫星、雷达或漂流浮标）的高空观测资料和数据集。特 别是，鉴于许多关键遥感数据集始于20世纪70年代，因此，建议尽可能将目前的标准气候 平均期（1981–撰稿时的2010年）用于这些数据集，以使不同资料形式之间能够一致地进 行比较。许多原理还可用于包含位置或地区而不是地面气象观测站的不同数据集，例如面 积平均值或网格数据集中的点。
المبادئ التوجیھیة للمنظمة العالمیة للأرصاد الجویة بشأن حساب معدلات المناخ
المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد - المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد, 2017 (طبعة 2017; مجموعة مطبوعات المنظمة-No. 1203)تركز ھذه الوثیقة على الرصدات في محطات رصد الأحوال الجویة السطحیة. ومع ذلك، فإن العدید من المبادئ سوف یكون صالحاً أیضاً لأشكال أخرى من الرصدات، بما في ذلك رصدات الھواء العلوي ومجموعة البیانات القائمة على أساس منصات متنقلة أو مُستشعَرة عن بعد (على سبیل المثال، السواتل أو المحطات العائمة الراداریة أو المنساقة). وعلى وجھ الخصوص، بما أن العدید من مجموعات البیانات المُستشعَرة عن بعد یبدأ في السبعینات من القرن الماضي، فمن المستحسن أن تُستخدَم، حیثما أمكن، الفترة 2010 وقت كتابة ھذه الوثیقة) في مجموعات البیانات ھذه بما یسمح - المعدلات المناخیة القیاسیة الحالیة ( 1981 بإجراء مقارنة بین أشكال البیانات ال ...
Руководящие указания ВМО по расчету климатических норм
В настоящем документе основное внимание уделяется наблюдениям со станций приземных метеорологических наблюдений. Вместе с тем многие принципы также будут действительны для других форм наблюдений, включая аэрологические наблюдения и комплекты данных с мобильных платформ и платформ дистанционного зондирования (например, спутников, радиолокаторов или дрейфующих буев). В частности, в связи с тем, что многие основные комплекты данных дистанционного зондирования берут свое начало в 1970 х гг., рекомендуется по возможности использовать в отношении этих комплектов данных текущий период климатологическ ...
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