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Ocean Acidification
The chemistry of the world’s oceans is changing. Ocean acidity is creeping upward, a result of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide. The added carbon dioxide depletes seawater of carbonate, a chemical constituent of minerals that form the shells and structures of animals including corals, molluscs, plankton, and others. The accelerating impacts are expected to reverberate through the marine food web. Most people are unaware of ocean acidification and its expected impacts. This lesson will educate policy makers and university students about its causes and consequences. The lesson explains the chem ...
Understanding Marine Customers, 2nd Edition
Understanding Marine Customers, 2nd edition, introduces the different marine forecast customers and discusses what forecast information they need to know and why they need to know it. A better understanding of the needs of the marine forecast customer will lead to better daily forecasts. The 2nd edition expands upon marine customer base to include more nearshore users, such as beachgoers, surfers, and sea kayakers.
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L'accumulation inquiétante des polluants dans l'Arctique: In lemonde.fr
2012S'il est vrai, comme le pense l'ex-première ministre norvégienne Gro Harlem Brundtland, que "les régions polaires demeurent celles du monde sur lesquelles on a le moins de connaissances", les travaux présentés du 22 au 27 avril à Montréal, lors de la conférence de l'Année polaire internationale 2012, ont permis de mesurer les avancées scientifiques réalisées.
C'est particulièrement le cas pour les études concernant la présence en Arctique de métaux - comme le mercure - et de polluants organiques persistants (POP), dont les impacts sur la santé et l'environnement sont très nocif ...
Training package on natural hazards and early warning for training of trainers’ in Kenya
UN/ISDR, 2012The overall aim of the training package is to increase awareness on natural hazards and disaster risk reduction (DRR) to key stakeholders with knowledge on disaster management to empower the actors to support their organizations in developing disaster resilient programs and projects.
This training manual is for use in DRR training aimed at building the capacity of sub-national government officials, NGOs, academia and other actors responsible for delivering, implementing, planning, researching or coordinating programs/policies and projects by raising awareness on DRR issues. The ...
Coastal Climate Change
As climate changes, dynamic coastal regions are experiencing a wide range of impacts. Sea levels, ocean acidification, sea surface temperatures, ocean heat, and ocean circulation have all been changing in ways unseen for thousands of years. Arctic sea ice melted significantly more during summers in the last 30 years, and storms are intensifying. Coastal ecosystems stand to be damaged, and coasts will likely erode from rising sea levels, intensified storm surges, and flooding that climate change may amplify. Coastal communities will need to prepare adaptation strategies to cope, and many who li ...
How trees and people can co-adapt to climate change : reducing vulnerability in multifunctional landscapes
In this section we provide a more in-depth look at the role trees play in the provision of goods and services in multifunctional landscapes. Tree growth is, however, vulnerable to climate variability, depending on the physiological properties of the tree and characteristics of the site. A further quantification of climate variability and climate change is needed to advise on what types of trees can be grown where, to be ready for the likely local climate-change during their lifetime. This leads to a discussion of the two-way relationship between climate change adaptation and rewards for enviro ...
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Reefs at Risk Revisited | World Resources Institute
This report provides a detailed assessment of the status of and threats to the world’s coral reefs. It evaluates threats to coral reefs from a wide range of human activities, and includes an assessment of climate-related threats to reefs. It also contains a global assessment of the vulnerability of nations and territories to coral reef degradation.
2010/No. 3/4 - December 2010 - Global framework for climate services at COP 16
is an issue of MeteoWorld. WMO, 2010Contains:
- Global framework for climate services at COP 16
- Record greenhouse gas levels
- Ozone: two-way link with climate change
- More coral reefs under threat from climate change
- UN Secretary-General at MeteoWorld
- Working with farmers
- Haiti update
- Latest weather and climate terms online
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Growth pattern of a common feather moss, Hylocomium splendens, from contrasting water regimes in a high Arctic tundra
Antarctic Record, Vol. 54, No. 2. Ueno Takeshi; Kanda Hiroshi - Scholarly and Academic Information Navigator (CiNii), 2010Hylocomium splendens, a widespread feather moss, is one of the major plant species found in high-Arctic tundra. It occupies a variety of habitats ranging from exposed dry ground to swampy areas. To clarify the effect of the water regime on the growth pattern of H. splendens, the shoot morphology of H. splendens growing in contrasting water regimes, i.e. hydric, mesic and xeric sites, was investigated using retrospective analyses of growth. The derived growth parameters for H. splendens differed considerably among the sites. The growing period at the hydric, mesic and xeric sites was 1 year, 2 ...
2010/No. 2 - April 2010 - African Ministers resolve to strengthen meteorological and hydrological services
is an issue of MeteoWorld. WMO, 2010Contains:
- African Ministers resolve to strengthen meteorological and hydrological services
- Building a new GCOS Reference Upper-Air Network
- World Meteorological Day
- Trinidad and Tobago Commissions High Tech Radar
- Volcanic ash
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IUCN/NRDC Workshop to Identify Areas of Ecological and Biological Significance or Vulnerability in the Arctic Marine Environment : Workshop Report
Human activity is expanding in the Arctic marine environment, in part due to warming ocean temperatures and the dramatic loss of summer sea ice. New and expanding human uses include fishing, shipping and offshore oil and gas development. All have the potential to place major additional stress on ocean ecosystems which are already undergoing profound change related to warming, sea ice loss, and alterations in ocean chemistry.
Because activities conducted in one nation's waters can affect other parts of the region, effective management of some human uses in the Arctic marine environmen ...
Why monitor the Arctic Ocean? Services to society from a sustained ocean observing system
Bates Peter; Alverson Keith; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - UNESCO, 2010Never has accurate information been more important, yet at
present we know very little about the Arctic Ocean. Critical physical processes are poorly understood, ecosystems remain unstudied and undiscovered, and indigenous voices go unheard. This lack of knowledge thwarts efforts to detect, predict or manage the interrelated physical, biological and social impacts of climate change, making sustainable development almost impossible. A coordinated observing system must therefore be
created for the Arctic Ocean and its coasts, to provide baseline data and ensure sustained monitor ...
The status and distribution of freshwater biodiversity in the Eastern Himalaya
IUCN, 2010Biodiversity within inland water ecosystems in the Eastern Himalaya region is both highly diverse and of great regional importance to livelihoods and economies. However, development activities are not always compatible with the conservation of this diversity, and the ecosystem requirements of biodiversity are frequently not considered in the development planning process. One of the main reasons cited for inadequate representation of biodiversity is a lack of readily available information on the status and distribution of inland water taxa. In response to this need for information, the IUCN Spe ...
Climate, Carbon and Coral Reefs
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) - WMO, 2010 (WMO-No. 1063)This brochure summarizes the CO2 threat to coral reefs, the science supporting projections and the solutions that are needed to prevent the loss of one of the world’s natural wonders.
Для чего необходим мониторинг северного Ледовитого океана?
Bates Peter; Alverson Keith; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - UNESCO, 2010
Pourquoi surveiller l'océan Arctique? Services fournis à la société par un système permanent d'observation de l'océan
Bates Peter; Alverson Keith; Commission Océanographique Intergouvernementale (COI); et al. - UNESCO, 2010Jamais l’exactitude de l’information n’a été plus importante
qu’aujourd’hui et pourtant, nous savons encore très peu de choses sur l’océan Arctique. Certains processus physiques essentiels sont mal connus, des écosystèmes ne sont pas étudiés– ou pas découverts – et les voix autochtones demeurent ignorées. Ce manque de connaissances nuit aux initiatives visant à identifier, prédire ou gérer les conséquences physiques, biologiques et sociales – qui sont liées entre elles– du changement climatique, ce qui rend le développement
durable pratiquement impossible. Il est donc nécessair ...
Blue Carbon : The Role of Healthy Oceans in Binding Carbon
This report explores the potential for mitigating the impacts of climate change by improved management and protection of marine ecosystems and especially the vegetated coastal habitat, or blue carbon sinks. The objective of this report is to highlight the critical role of the oceans and ocean ecosystems in maintaining our climate and in assisting policy makers to mainstream an oceans agenda into national and international climate change initiatives. While emissions’ reductions are currently at the centre of the climate change discussions, the critical role of the oceans and ocean ecosystems ha ...
Report of the Workshop on Vulnerable Ecosystems and Destructive Fishing in Deep-sea Fisheries
FAO, 2008 (FAO Fisheries Report-No. 829)The FAO Workshop on Vulnerable Ecosystems and Destructive Fishing in Deep-sea Fisheries reviewed available information on national, institutional and personal experiences in relation to this issue. Relevant ecological considerations were reviewed and suggestions as how to consider these issues in terms of International Guidelines for the Management of Deep-sea Fisheries in the High Seas were discussed and documented.
Report of the Workshop on Data and Knowledge in Deep-sea Fisheries in the High Seas
FAO, 2008 (FAO Fisheries Report-No. 860)This document contains the report of the Workshop on Data and Knowledge in Deep-sea Fisheries in the High Seas held in Rome from 5 to 7 November 2007. The Workshop was convened to review an initial draft of the International Guidelines as called for by the FAO Committee on Fisheries at its twenty-seventh session in 2007. This expert consultation was preceded by the Expert Consultation on Deep-sea Fisheries in the High Seas, (...)
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Report of the Lake Victoria Fisheries Organization and FAO National Stakeholders' Workshops on Fishing Effort and Capacity on Lake Victoria (2006) : Mwanza, United Republic of Tanzania, 9–10 October 2006, Kisumu, Republic of Kenya, 12-13 October 2006, Mukono, Republic of Uganda, 17-18 October 2006.
FAO, 2008 (FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report-No. 817)The Lake Victoria Fisheries Organization (LVFO) and FAO National Stakeholders’ Workshops on Fishing Effort and Capacity on Lake Victoria (2006) were held to: (i) develop a shared understanding amongst participants regarding the LVFO Regional Plan of Action for the Management of Fishing Capacity in Lake Victoria and its Basin (LVFO RPOA-Capacity) and the use of rights-based management approaches as a vehicle for ensuring the (...)
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Report of the Lake Victoria Fisheries Organization and FAO Regional Stakeholders’ Workshop on Fishing Effort and Capacity on Lake Victoria. Mukono, Republic of Uganda, 8 November 2006
FAO, 2008 (FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report-No. 818)The Lake Victoria Fisheries Organization (LVFO) and FAO National Stakeholders’ Workshop on Fishing Effort and Capacity on Lake Victoria was held in Mukono, Republic of Uganda on 8 November 2006. The main objectives of the workshop were to share and include the national stakeholders’ perspectives and concerns that had been provided by national stakeholders at national workshops in the respective Partner States regarding the (...)
Report of the FAO Expert Workshop on Climate Change Implications for Fisheries and Aquaculture
FAO, 2008 (FAO Fisheries Report-No. 870)This report includes an overview of the presentations and discussions held during the Expert Workshop and presents the conclusions and recommendations agreed upon by participants. Three background documents commissioned by FAO formed the basis for the technical discussions. The authors of those papers, Neil Adger, Marie-Caroline Badjeck, Manuel Barange, Katrina Brown, Tim Daw, Sena De Silva, Doris Soto and Ian Perry, are thanked for their valuable contributions to the Workshop.
Report of the Expert Consultation on International Guidelines for the Management of Deepsea Fisheries in the High Seas
FAO, 2008 (FAO Fisheries Report-No. 855)The FAO Workshop on Vulnerable Ecosystems and Destructive Fishing in Deep-sea Fisheries reviewed available information on national, institutional and personal experiences in relation to this issue. Relevant ecological considerations were reviewed and suggestions as how to consider these issues in terms of International Guidelines for the Management of Deep-sea Fisheries in the High Seas were discussed and documented.
Report of the Expert Consultation on Improving Planning and Policy Development in Aquaculture
FAO, 2008 (FAO Fisheries Report-No. 858)The Expert Consultation was convened by FAO upon recommendation of the twenty-seventh session of the FAO Committee on Fisheries (COFI), in 2007, and the third session of the FAO COFI Sub-Committee on Aquaculture, in 2006, in order to elaborate guidelines on how to improve the process of aquaculture policy formulation and policy implementation. The Expert Consultation recommended that two outputs be produced by FAO: (i) an FAO (...)
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