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State of the Global Climate 2021 (WMO-No. 1290)
The publication provides a summary on the state of the climate indicators in 2021 including global temperatures trends and its distribution around the globe; most recent finding on Green House Gases concentration, Ocean indicators; Cryosphere with a particular emphasis on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice, greenland ice sheet and glaciers and snow cover; Stratospheric Ozone; analysis of major drivers of inter-annual climate variability during the year including the El Niño Souther Oscillation and other Ocean and Atmshperic indices; global precipitation distribution over land; extreme events includi ...
حالة المناخ في أفريقيا 2020 (مطبوع المنظمة رقم 1275)
The State of the Climate in Africa 2020, report provides a snapshot of climate trends, observed high-impact events and associated risks and impacts on key sensitive sectors in Africa during the year 2020. The report also draws lessons on existing compunded effect of COVID-19, and pathways for investement for improving climate action in the continent.
État du climat en Afrique 2020 (WMO-N°. 1275)
The State of the Climate in Africa 2020, report provides a snapshot of climate trends, observed high-impact events and associated risks and impacts on key sensitive sectors in Africa during the year 2020. The report also draws lessons on existing compunded effect of COVID-19, and pathways for investement for improving climate action in the continent.
State of the Climate in Africa 2020 (WMO-No. 1275)
The State of the Climate in Africa 2020, report provides a snapshot of climate trends, observed high-impact events and associated risks and impacts on key sensitive sectors in Africa during the year 2020. The report also draws lessons on existing compunded effect of COVID-19, and pathways for investement for improving climate action in the continent.
2021 State of Climate Services (WMO-No. 1278)
More than 2 billion people are living in countries under water stress and 3.6 billion people face inadequate access to water at least one month per year. Meanwhile, water-related hazards have increased in frequency for the past 20 years. Since 2000, flood-related disasters have increased by 134%, and the number and duration of droughts also increased by 29%.
Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is vital to achieving long-term social, economic and environmental well-being. But, although most countries have advanced their level of IWRM implementation, 107 countries remain ...
2020 State of Climate Services: Risk Information and Early Warning Systems
Between 1970 and 2019, 79% of disasters worldwide involved weather, water, and climate-related hazards. These disasters accounted for 56% of deaths and 75% of economic losses from disasters associated with natural hazards reported during that period. As climate change continues to threaten human lives, ecosystems and economies, risk information and early warning systems (EWS) are increasingly seen as key for reducing these impacts. The majority of countries, including 88% of least developed countries and small island states, that submitted their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to UN ...
État du climat en Afrique 2019
The State of the Climate in Africa 2019, report provides a snapshot of climate trends, observed high-impact events and associated risks and impacts on key sensitive sectors in Africa. The report also draws lessons on existing gaps in climate change action.
State of the Climate in Africa 2019
The State of the Climate in Africa 2019, report provides a snapshot of climate trends, observed high-impact events and associated risks and impacts on key sensitive sectors in Africa. The report also draws lessons on existing gaps in climate change action.
精测每一滴 : 滴滴当珍惜
世界气象组织 (WMO) - 世界气象组织 (WMO), 2020
2019 State of Climate Services: Agriculture and Food Security
The report provides case studies, examples and explanations as to the role of climate information and services to support agriculture in the face of climate variability and change, assesses gaps and makes recommendations. This analysis helps highlight both challenges and opportunities for climate service efforts aimed at promoting climate resilient development and adaptation action.
GCRF African SWIFT
GCRF African-SWIFT is a programme of research and capability building, led by the National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), and funded by UK Research and Innovation Global Challenges Research Fund. The project aims to deliver a step change in African weather forecasting capability from hourly to seasonal timescales, and build research capability to continue forecasting improvements in Africa for the foreseeable future.
The GCRF African-SWIFT team works with forecast users across sectors from aviation to agriculture, energy, water and emergency response to understand how to ...
Capstone Project Research Report. Gendered Impacts of Weather and Climate:Evidence from Asia, Pacific and Africa
This publication examines the physical, material and psychological gender-differentiated impacts of weather and climate as well as the gender-specific needs for information and services on the basis of primary data emerging from 18 case studies, including three in-depth studies (Bangladesh, Fiji and Botswana) and other empirical evidence. It explores the experiences of different groups of women and men at the intersection with other social categories like age, economic status, location, disability, or marital status. It also analyzes gender relations and roles in two climate-sensitive sectors: ...
GCRF African SWIFT
GCRF African-SWIFT is a programme of research and capability building, led by the National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), and funded by UK Research and Innovation Global Challenges Research Fund. The project aims to deliver a step change in African weather forecasting capability from hourly to seasonal timescales, and build research capability to continue forecasting improvements in Africa for the foreseeable future.
The GCRF African-SWIFT team works with forecast users across sectors from aviation to agriculture, energy, water and emergency response to understand how to ...
Compendium of WMO Competency Frameworks
The purpose of this Compendium is to provide Members with easy access to all the WMO competency frameworks that have been implemented since the first frameworks for aeronautical meteorological personnel were put in place in 2013. This publication accompanies the Guide to Competency (WMO-No. 1205), which provides competency implementation advice to Members.
GCOS, 229. Plan for improving observations around Lake Victoria that support numerical weather predictions, climate services and adaptation
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019
CAgM Report, 107. Evaluation Report of METAGRI Operational Project (2012-2015)
The project was implemented by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in collaboration with the National Meteorological Services of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Chad, Côte d´Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo with funds provided by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Norwegian Government but also by the Government of Greece and minor contributions from AEMET (Spain), EUMETSAT and WMO regular budget.
CESM Distance Learning Course
The Community Earth System Model (CESM) is a fully-coupled, community, global climate model that provides state-of-the-art computer simulations of the Earth's past, present, and future climate states. The CESM Distance Learning Course is based on the CESM Tutorial held annually at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado. This course consists of 12 lectures and 4 practical sessions on simulating the climate system and practical sessions on running Community Earth System Model (CESM), modifying components, and analyzing data. The course is targeted at the graduat ...
Scenario-Based Planning for Sea Level Change in the U.S. Using the USACE Sea Level Change Curve Calculator and Guidance
This lesson introduces tools and concepts that are essential for scenario-based planning for sea level change. The lesson guides the learner through the use of the USACE Sea Level Change Calculator to produce site-specific water-level projections. The lesson also introduces the NOAA Sea Level Rise Viewer and NOAA's Sea Level Trends website.
WMO Statement on the state of the global climate in 2018
This publication marks the twenty-fifth anniversary of the WMO Statement on the State of the Global Climate, which was first issued in 1994. The 2019 edition treating data for 2018 marks sustained international efforts dedicated to reporting on, analysing and understanding the year-to-year variations and long-term trends of a changing climate.
CAgM Report, 106. Evaluation of METAGRI Project Phases I, II, III (2008-2011)
The METAGRI project was implemented by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in collaboration with the National Meteorological Services of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Côte d´Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo with funds provided by the State Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET).
WMO and AEMET agreed to launch a project on Agrometeorology to support West African Agriculture following the October 2007 Conference of Directors of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services of West Africa. ...
International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI) Trainings
International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI) - International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI)This website makes available numerous resources from IRI training events.
AMCOMET Achievements 2010–2018
Many initiatives and partnerships have flourished under the umbrella of the African Union’s Strategy on Meteorology by aligning their actions with its priorities and demonstrating coherence of efforts. This report highlights key initiatives that have been made possible as a result of the increased visibility AMCOMET has brought to weather, climate and water services in Africa. The report gives us an opportunity to review the first eight years of AMCOMET and to give recognition to its many achievements.
إنجازات المؤتمر الوزاري الأفريقي للأرصاد الجوية 2018–2010
وازدهرت مبادرات وشراكات عديدة تحت مظلة استراتیجیة الاتحاد الأفريقي للأرصاد الجوية عن طريق مواءمة أعمالها مع أولوياتها وإثبات تماسك الجهود. ويبرز هذا التقرير المبادرات الرئیسیة التي تأتت نتیجة زيادة تسلیط المؤتمر الوزاري الضوء على خدمات الطقس والمناخ والماء في أفريقیا. ويتیح هذا التقرير لنا الفرصة لاستعراض سنوات المؤتمر الوزاري الثماني الأولى والاعتراف بإنجازاتھ العديدة.
AMCOMET Bilan 2010–2018
De nombreux partenariats et initiatives se sont épanouis grâce à la Stratégie pour la météorologie de l’Union africaine en alignant leurs activités sur ses priorités et en agissant de manière cohérente et concertée. Le présent rapport met en lumière les principales initiatives qui ont vu le jour grâce aux projecteurs que l’AMCOMET a braqués sur les services météorologiques, climatologiques et hydrologiques en Afrique. Il nous permet de faire le bilan des huit premières années de l’AMCOMET et de reconnaître à leur juste valeur ses nombreuses réalisations
Guide to Competency
The purpose of this Guide is to provide guidance to Members’ organizations that are developing, implementing and/or maintaining competency-based training and assessment programmes based upon the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) competency frameworks established in the Technical Regulations, Volume I (WMO-No.49).
Examples of selected Members’ best practices are included in this guidance material to facilitate transfer of knowledge and experience, and thus enable organizations to achieve compliance with the WMO requirements in the most efficient way.
This Guide will also be ...
气候实践指南
本出版物旨在为世界气象组织(WMO)会 员开展与气候信息与服务相关的国家活动提供 指导和支持。本指南之前已有两个版本：最初 的版本出现在1960年，而第二个版本于1983年 出版。随着时间的推移，虽然很多最基本的气 候科学和气候学惯例仍然保持不变，但是气候 学知识和资料分析技术方面的科学进步，以及 技术、计算机能力以及仪器方面的变化，使得 第二个版本过时了。
دليل الممارسات المناخية
المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد - المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد, 2018 (طبعة 2018; مجموعة مطبوعات المنظمة-No. 100)صمم هذا المطبوع من أجل توفير التوجيه والمساعدة لأعضاء المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد الجوية في تطوير الأنشطة الوطنية المرتبطة بالمعلومات والخدمات المناخية. وقد صدرت طبعتان سابقتان من هذا الدليل: المطبوع الأصلي، الذي ظهر في 1960 ، والطبعة الثانية، التي نشرت في 1983 . ومع أن الكثير من مبادئ علم المناخ والممارسات المناخية لم تفقد صلاحيتها مع مرور الزمن، فإن أوجه التقدم العلمي في المعارف المناخية وأساليب تحليل البيانات، فضاً عن التغيرات التي حدثت في التكنولوجيا، وفي قدرات الحواسيب والأجهزة، قد جعلت الطبعة الثانية غير مناسبة للعصر.
Guía de prácticas climatológicas
La presente publicación tiene por objeto proporcionar orientación y asistencia a los Miembros de la Organización Meteorológica Mundial (OMM) para llevar a cabo actividades nacionales vinculadas con la información y los servicios climáticos.
Руководство по климатологической практике
Настоящая публикация предназначена для предоставления руководства и оказания содействия странам — членам Всемирной Метеорологической Организации (ВМО) в развитии национальной деятельности, связанной с климатической информацией и обслуживанием.
Forecasters' Overview of the Middle East
This lesson provides an introduction to the Middle East for Navy meteorologists. It focuses on the major aspects of synoptic and mesoscale weather patterns, hazards to aviation and maritime operations, geography, oceanography, and climatology. The “Geography” Unit covers major political boundaries, cities, ports, topographical features, rivers, and seismicity. The “Oceanography” Unit includes major bathymetric features, mean sea surface temperature, vertical temperature profiles, salinity and velocity, ocean currents, and tidal ranges. The “Climatology” Unit covers the seasonal climatology of ...
OPEN.ED @PSU Open Educational Resources
Launched in 2007, the College of Earth and Mineral Sciences' OER initiative enables departments and individual faculty to provide resources free-of-charge under a Creative Commons license. As long as they adhere to the license, teachers and learners around the world are free to download, remix, translate, localize, and make these materials their own.
Global Weather Enterprise Conference : DATA- Business Models and Policies Shaping the Future of Global Weather Enterprise
Global Weather Enterprise is the global dimension of the multi-national multistakeholder weather enterprise encompassing all contributors to the Earth system monitoring, prediction and service provision from public, private and academic sectors, as well as learned or civil society entities.
Guidelines on Quality Management in Climate Services
Chapter 1 provides a description of the process approach within the ISO 9000 family of QMS standards. Chapter 2 describes the implementation of the process approach in climate services. Chapters 3–6 provide some essential aspects, examples and best practices to be considered when implementing the process approach in climate services processes: climate data, climate monitoring, climate prediction and service delivery. Chapter 7 mentions briefly some steps in obtaining certification.
Руководящие указания по поэтапному созданию национальной рамочной основы для климатического обслуживания
Настоящий документ разъясняет, как начать и разработать эффективную НРОКО, которая будет служить в качестве ключевого координационного механизма, сводящего воедино локальные, национальные, региональные и глобальные заинтересованные стороны, необходимые для формирования и предоставления совместно спроектированного и произведенного климатического обслуживания, с пользователями и для них, эффективно увязывающего знания о климате с действиями на местах на национальном и локальном уровнях.
Guidance on Good Practices for Climate Services User Engagement : Expert Team on User Interface for Climate Services
This guidance document is primarily intended for the providers of climate services, in particular for National Meteorological and Hydrological Services, but will also be of use to other organizations involved in the development, delivery and use of climate services.
Step-by-step Guidelines for Establishing a National Framework for Climate Services
This document explains how to initiate and develop a functional NFCS that will serve as a key coordination mechanism to bring together the local, national, regional and global stakeholders needed for successful generation and delivery of co-designed and co-produced climate services with and for users, effectively linking climate knowledge with action on the ground at national and local levels.
Guide to Climatological Practices
This publication is designed to provide Members of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) with guidance and assistance in developing national activities linked to climate information and services.
Directrices detalladas para la creación de un marco nacional para los servicios climáticos
El objetivo de la presente publicación es ayudar a los Servicios Meteorológicos e Hidrológicos Nacionales (SMHN) y a sus instituciones asociadas a nivel nacional, que llevan a cabo actividades relacionadas con los cinco pilares del Marco Mundial para los Servicios Climáticos (MMSC), de modo que creen un marco nacional para los servicios climáticos. Un marco nacional de esas características tiene por finalidad coordinar las actividades de las instituciones y facilitar su colaboración en el diseño conjunto, la elaboración conjunta, la difusión, la prestación y la utilización de servicios climáti ...
Marche à suivre pour établir un cadre national pour les services climatologiques
La présente publication entend faciliter la mise en place d’un cadre national pour les services climatologiques (CNSC) par les Services météorologiques et hydrologiques nationaux (SMHN) et par leurs partenaires au sein des cinq composantes du Cadre mondial pour les services climatologiques (CMSC). Un cadre national assure la coordination des actions engagées afin que les institutions se concertent sur l’élaboration, la production, la communication, la fourniture et l’utilisation des services climatologiques à l’appui de la prise de décisions dans les secteurs socio-économiques sensibles au cli ...
مبادئ توجيهية خطوة بخطوة لإنشاء إطار وطني للخدمات المناخية
وتفسّر ھذه الوثیقة كیفیة بدء وتطوير إطار وطني وظیفي للخدمات المناخیة ( NFCS ) سیُستخدم كآلیة تنسیق رئیسیة للجمع ما بین الجهات المعنیة صاحبة المصلحة على كل من الصعید المحلي والوطني والإقلیمي والعالمي الضرورية للنجاح في إعداد وتقديم خدمات مناخیة مصمّمة على نحو مشترك ومُعدَّة على نحو مشترك مع المستخدمین ومن أجلهم، تربط بفعالیة المعارف المناخیة بالعمل على أرض الواقع على الصعیدين الوطني والمحلي.
建立国家气候服务框架的步骤 指南
本文阐释了如何创建和开发功能性NFCS，将其作为关键的协调机制，将必要的地方、国家、区域 和全球利益相关方联合起来，以便成功打造与用户共同设计和联合制作的气候服务并为用户提供， 同时将气候知识与国家和地方层面的落地行动有效衔接。
Challenges in the Transition from Conventional to Automatic Meteorological Observing Networks for Long-term Climate Records
Guidelines for managing changes in climate observation programmes, with a set of recommended practices by which such changes can be managed, have already been published (WMO, 2007). This guidance note will focus on those AWSs likely to form part of long-term climate records. These will normally be owned by NMHSs or associated agencies, or sometimes by third parties (such as aviation, agriculture or road transport agencies) under standards endorsed by the NMHSs. Experience shows that private AWSs can be useful for some climate purposes (such as providing information on individual local-scale ex ...
What's Coming in Hydrologic Impacts Studies?
In this recorded webinar from the Hydrologic Impacts Under Climate Change (HIUCC) course (June 2017), Dr. Julie Vano describes what the near future will likely bring in terms of hydrologic impacts studies. Her talk is parsed into four sections. Section 1 summarizes ongoing research. Section 2 discusses the sharing of hydro-climate information. Section 3 moves into the future and describes the process of planning, executing, and evaluation a climate impacts study. Section 4 provides concluding thoughts from Dr. Vano and includes three questions (and answers) from the HIUCC course attendees.
Using Climatology in Forecasting Convection in West and Central Africa
This case-study lesson provides an opportunity to apply the information in the ASMET lesson “Satellite-Derived Climatology Products for Monitoring Convection Over West and Central Africa” to a case that occurred over West and Central Africa in June 2014. It demonstrates how to integrate climatology information with satellite, global instability indices (GII), and NWP data when convection is forecast to occur.
Using the Local Climate Analysis Tool (LCAT) for Water Resilience Decisions
This lesson offers users of climate information a demonstration of the utility of the Local Climate Analysis Tool (LCAT) for water resources applications. The training follows a NOAA Climate Resilience Toolkit case study in Tampa, Florida, and illustrates how LCAT analyses can be used to inform the steps to climate resilience outlined in the Toolkit. This text-based, interactive lesson will be accessible to anyone using LCAT for water resources decision-making, though will be most useful to those with some familiarity with drought/water resources questions and information needs. Some backgroun ...
Reservoir Pool Elevation: Considerations for Long-term Asset Management and Planning
Long-term management of critical water resources infrastructure needs to incorporate projected changes to environmental conditions. Reservoirs form the heart of water resource assets. Long-range plans for the repair, replacement, maintenance and renovation of these facilities depend on accurate projections of reservoir pool elevations. Environmental conditions, in turn, dictate the magnitude and timing of inflows and outflows from reservoirs, and thus the resulting water surface elevation. This lesson explores the factors that affect reservoir pool elevation and the considerations and challeng ...
Seasonal Forecast Course Package T.O.P.: Theory and Operational Principles
Institute of Biometeorology (IBIMET) ; World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - CNR-National Research Council"Seasonal Forecast Course Package T.O.P." is a set of online resources whose goal is to enhance knowledge in the theory of seasonal forecasting and operational use of seasonal climate forecasts. The course package has two audiences. The first is training institutions, to facilitate development of additional training courses. The materials and documentations here collected represent the building blocks of a course based on validated contents and user needs. It can also be used by national hydro-meteorological service staff members who wish to improve their climate services competencies or to sp ...
Climate Atlas
The atlas is based on the climate datasets provided by the CM SAF. It consists of maps providing climatological information of different meteorological parameters. These include:
-general climatic characteristics of meteorological parameters over Europe and Latvia;
-information on satellite data suitable for climatological studies, particularly datasets provided by the CM SAF;
-an example of the strengths and weaknesses of satellite data for climate applications;
-instructions for creating a satellite climatology atlas and beginning to work with satellite da ...
WMO Guidelines on the Calculation of Climate Normals
The focus of this document is on observations at surface meteorological observing stations. However, many of the principles will also be valid for other forms of observations, including upper-air observations and datasets based on mobile or remotely sensed platforms (for example, satellites, radar or drifting buoys). In particular, as many key remotely sensed datasets begin in the 1970s, it is recommended that, where feasible, the current climatological standard normal period (1981–2010 at the time of writing) be used for these datasets to allow comparison among different data forms on a consi ...
White Paper on the Contribution of the Global Framework for Climate Services to Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (Agenda 2030)
Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (Agenda 2030) is a plan of action for people, the planet and prosperity, which seeks to strengthen universal peace in greater freedom. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) identified under Agenda 2030 provide a universal, transformative and integrated ambition that will provide an aligned pathway for the activities of UN Members, international organizations within and beyond the UN system, as well as the entire sphere of entities and individuals having a stake in sustainable development.
Energy Exemplar to the User Interface Platform of the Global Framework for Climate Services
The goal of this Exemplar is to illustrate how the development and application of targeted climate products and services through the Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) can advance efforts to better integrate climate information into the planning and operations of the energy sector. This will enable improved sustainability, resilience and efficiency of energy systems under ever-changing weather and climate conditions.
Priority Needs for the Operationalization of the Global Framework for Climate Services (2016–2018)
The global community is rapidly putting in place measures to protect societies from adverse socioeconomic and environmental impacts caused by extreme weather-, climate- and water-related events, and also to take maximum advantage of any positive benefits of these changes that may exist. However, many projects are being undertaken in isolation, in the absence of mechanisms for alignment of the diverse efforts being made at project level, and without conforming to relevant international standards. This can result in duplication of efforts, which may prove unsustainable or ineffective in the long ...
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Призыв к созданию этической основы для климатического обслуживания
Климатическое обслуживание обладает потенциалом, чтобы вносить вклад в обеспечение безопасности человека путем повышения способности человека увеличивать социальные выгоды и уменьшать потери, связанные с климатом. По мере продолжающегося изменения природных климатических характеристик обществу потребуется более своевременное и надежное климатическое обслуживание, которое поможет ему понять связанные с климатом риски и научит извлекать выгоду из соответствующих возможностей.
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Путь к предоставлению климатического обслуживания странам СИДС
Бюллетень, Том 64(2). BMO, 2016Страны Карибского и Тихоокеанского бассейнов и Малые островные развивающиеся государства (СИДС) чрезвычайно уязвимы к воздействию опасных гидроме- теорологических явлений. Предполагается, что в бли- жайшие годы изменение климата будет способствовать увеличению частоты и интенсивности таких явлений на этих островах, при этом их уязвимость повысится также в связи с нарушением экосистем и уничтожением источников существования. Поэтому, пытаясь повысить устойчивость к экстремальным метеорологическим явлениям и пагубным воздействиям изменения кли- мата, Всемирный метеорологический конгресс в июне о ...
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Конкурс «Полярный вызов»: расширение границ наблюдений в целях исследования климата и обслуживания
Бюллетень, Том 64(2). BMO, 2016Криосфера является основным индикатором глобального изменения климата и играет существенную роль в клима- тической системе. Несмотря на успехи в области числен- ного моделирования, надежность долгосрочных прогнозов изменения климата в Арктике и Антарктике существенно ограничена недостатком систематических наблюдений in situ за морским льдом и подледной областью. По этой причине Всемирная программа исследований климата (ВПИК)1 и Фонд Принца Монако Альберта II спонсируют конкурс «Полярный вызов (Polar Challenge)»2, победителем которого станет группа, первой выполнившая программу измерений с испо ...
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Управление рисками с помощью климатической прогностической продукции и обслуживания
Бюллетень, Том 64(2). BMO, 2016масштабах от недель до десятилетий увеличивается по мере того, как частный и государственный секторы признают их актуальность для формирования кли- матической устойчивости и адаптации к изменению климата. Различные типы пользователей стремятся получить специализированное климатическое обслу- живание для принятия долгосрочных решений и пла- нирования для заблаговременного предупреждения о потенциальных опасных явлениях и для адаптации и смягчения изменчивости и изменения климата. Сотрудничество в рамках Глобальной климатической основы для климатического обслуживания (ГРОКО) обеспечивает более э ...
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Климатическое обслуживание сектора энергетики: новая приоритетная область ГРОКО
Энергетические системы являются двигателем эконо- мического и социального развития. Их вклад образует значительную часть ВВП любой страны. Несомненно, энергетика жизненно необходима для всех аспектов благосостояния человека, включая доступ к воде, сельскохозяйственное производство, здравоохранение, образование, создание рабочих мест и устойчивость окружающей среды. Кроме того, на выбросы пред- приятий энергетического сектора, таких как выбросы CO2, приходится наибольшая доля глобальных антро- погенных выбросов парниковых газов (ПГ). Ожидается, что достижение целевых показателей по сокращению в ...
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Gérer les risques à l’aide des produits et services de prévision climatique
Bulletin, Vol. 64(2). OMM, 2016La demande de previsions climatiques a echeance de quelques semaines a plusieurs decennies augmente car les decideurs du secteur public et du secteur prive se rendent mieux compte de leur utilite pour accroitre la resilience et renforcer l’adaptation a l’egard du changement climatique. Differentes categories d’utilisateurs souhaitent recevoir des services specialises qui facilitent la prise de decision et la planification a long terme, qui ameliorent l’alerte precoce de dangers potentiels et qui favorisent l’adaptation et l’attenuation face a la variabilite et a l’evolution du climat. Le Cadre ...
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Les services climatologiques destinés au secteur de l’énergie: nouveau domaine prioritaire pour le CMSC
Bulletin, Vol. 64(2). OMM, 2016Les systemes de production d’energie sont le moteur du developpement economique et social. Les investissements realises a ce titre representent une part importante du PIB d’un pays. De fait, l’energie est indispensable au bien-etre des populations dans pratiquement tous ses aspects, dont l’acces a l’eau, la productivite agricole, la sante, l’education, la creation d’emplois et la protection de l’environnement. Ce secteur est aussi responsable de la plus grande part des rejets de gaz a effet de serre (GES), tel le CO2, dans le monde. Les objectifs de reduction des emissions fixes par la Convent ...
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Progrès réalisés dans l’observation et la prévision du phénomène ENSO
Bulletin, Vol. 64(1). OMM, 2016Les gouvernements, les entreprises du secteur privé et les particuliers sont de plus en plus exigeants lorsqu’il s’agit de la qualité des services climatologiques, d’où l’importance du Cadre mondial pour les services climatologiques (CMSC). Cependant, certaines composantes du réseau d’observation de l’océan – pourtant essentielles à la prestation de ces services – risquent de se dégrader, et les systèmes de prévision climatique ont du mal à rester au fait des attentes croissantes quant à l’exactitude et à la fi abilité des services.1234
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Services climatiques – Transition du projet CLIPS au CMSC
En 1995, le Congrès météorologique mondial a établi le projet CLIPS (Services d’information et de prévision climatologiques) afi n de fournir les meilleures informations possible sur le climat, y compris des projections sur les conditions futures, afi n d’étayer la prise de décisions d’ordre économique et social en vue de réduire les risques, de stimuler le dynamisme économique et d’améliorer la qualité de vie des populations. Depuis sa création le projet CLIPS a contribué à accroître nos connaissances sur le climat, à améliorer les capacités des services opérationnels de prévision des conditi ...
Руководящие принципы по наилучшим практикам спасения климатических данных (ВМО-№ 1182)
This technical document is an update of WMO/TD-1210, WCDMP-55, Guidelines on Climate Data Rescue (2004). It builds on the original Guidelines, while taking into account both changes in technology that have occurred in the intervening 12 years and lessons learned in more recent climate data rescue activities around the world. An overview of data rescue is presented with chapters on its importance, archiving original media, imaging, digitization and archiving digital images and digital data. Twelve appendices provide supporting information.
مبادئ توجیهیة بشأن أفضل الممارسات المتعلقة بإنقاذ البیانات المناخیة (WMO-No. 1182)
This technical document is an update of WMO/TD-1210, WCDMP-55, Guidelines on Climate Data Rescue (2004). It builds on the original Guidelines, while taking into account both changes in technology that have occurred in the intervening 12 years and lessons learned in more recent climate data rescue activities around the world. An overview of data rescue is presented with chapters on its importance, archiving original media, imaging, digitization and archiving digital images and digital data. Twelve appendices provide supporting information.
The Guidelines on Climate Data Rescue are intend ...
Directrices sobre mejores prácticas para el rescate de datos climáticos (OMM-Nº 1182)
El presente documento técnico es una actualización de la publicación WMO/TD-No. 1210, WCDMP-55, Guidelines on Climate Data Rescue (2004) (Directrices sobre el rescate de datos climáticos). Se basa en las directrices originales, pero, al mismo tiempo, en él se tienen en cuenta tanto los cambios tecnológicos surgidos a lo largo de los 12 años transcurridos como las enseñanzas extraídas de actividades de rescate de datos climáticos más recientes llevadas a cabo en todo el mundo. Se presenta un panorama general del rescate de datos, y en los diversos capítulos se abordan cuestiones como su importa ...
Guidelines on Best Practices for Climate Data Rescue (WMO-No. 1182)
This technical document is an update of WMO/TD-1210, WCDMP-55, Guidelines on Climate Data Rescue (2004). It builds on the original Guidelines, while taking into account both changes in technology that have occurred in the intervening 12 years and lessons learned in more recent climate data rescue activities around the world. An overview of data rescue is presented with chapters on its importance, archiving original media, imaging, digitization and archiving digital images and digital data. Twelve appendices provide supporting information.
The Guidelines on Climate Data Rescue are intend ...
Directives sur les bonnes pratiques en matière de sauvetage des données climatologiques (OMM-N° 1182)
Le présent document technique résulte de la mise à jour de la publication intitulée Guidelines on Climate Data Rescue (2004) (WMO/TD-1210, WCDMP-55). Il prend en compte l’évolution de la technologie depuis douze ans et tire les enseignements des opérations de sauvetage des données les plus récentes menées dans le monde. On y trouvera une présentation générale du concept de sauvetage des données, suivie de chapitres consacrés à l’importance de cette activité, à l’archivage des supports d’origine, à leur numérisation en mode image, à la numérisation des données et à l’archivage des images et des ...
气候数据拯救最佳做法指导原则 (WMO-No. 1182)
This technical document is an update of WMO/TD-1210, WCDMP-55, Guidelines on Climate Data Rescue (2004). It builds on the original Guidelines, while taking into account both changes in technology that have occurred in the intervening 12 years and lessons learned in more recent climate data rescue activities around the world. An overview of data rescue is presented with chapters on its importance, archiving original media, imaging, digitization and archiving digital images and digital data. Twelve appendices provide supporting information.
The Guidelines on Climate Data Rescue are intend ...
Communicating Climate Change Scenarios With Decision Makers: Lecture by Dr. Holly Hartmann, Research Hydrologist
In this 1-hour lecture, presented in three parts, research hydrologist Dr. Holly Hartmann discusses issues and approaches for communicating with decision-makers regarding climate change topics in water management and planning. Dr. Hartmann is a national leader in research related to the development of decision support tools for climate, water, and other resource management applications, especially linking research with the needs of decision-makers and moving research into agency operations. Dr. Hartmann is Carpe Diem West’s Director of Climate Science Applications. Previously she was Director ...
Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 1: Climate Variability and Change
Climate is changing at unprecedented rates in recorded history. A variety of lines of evidence demonstrate that climate change is likely to affect the hydrologic cycle and thus create new challenges in water management. This requires that climate change information be included in water and water-related resources planning, operations, and management. Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 1: Climate Variability and Change describes the terminology, global evidence, regional manifestations, and basic science of global climate variability and anthropogenic change, with a focus on water res ...
Forecasters' Overview of the Mediterranean and Europe
This module provides an introduction to the European continent and the Mediterranean and Black Sea areas for weather forecasters. It focuses on geography, climatology, oceanography, major aspects of the synoptic and mesoscale weather patterns, and hazards to aviation and maritime operations. Geography covers major political boundaries, cities, ports, topographical features, rivers, and volcanic areas. Climatology covers the seasonal climatology of jet stream, synoptic weather systems, extratropical cyclones, and high winds and seas. Oceanography includes major bathymetric features; mean sea su ...
Climate Variability and Change for Water Resources Management - International Edition
Climate is changing at unprecedented rates in recorded history. A variety of lines of evidence demonstrate that climate change is likely to affect the hydrologic cycle and thus create new challenges in water management. This requires that climate change information be included in water and water-related resources planning, operations, and management. Climate Variability and Change for Water Resources Management - International Edition describes the terminology, global evidence, regional manifestations, and basic science of global climate variability and anthropogenic change, with a focus on wa ...
Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 2: General Principles in Integrating Climate Change
This lesson describes a common approach used by the United States Bureau of Reclamation to scope a study on integrating climate change information into water resources management and planning. Learners will become familiar with the types of questions that must be addressed for considering climate change impacts when scoping their study. Examples are given for several different water resources mission areas. Note that this is the second of a two lesson series, the first one is titled, "Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 1: Climate Variability and Change."
Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 2: General Principles in Integrating Climate Change
This lesson describes a common approach used by the United States Bureau of Reclamation to scope a study on integrating climate change information into water resources management and planning. Learners will become familiar with the types of questions that must be addressed for considering climate change impacts when scoping their study. Examples are given for several different water resources mission areas. Note that this is the second of a two lesson series, the first one is titled, "Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 1: Climate Variability and Change."
Sea Level Change: Basics
This lesson describes the physical processes, both natural and human-induced, that lead to changes in sea level. The processes described include climate induced changes in ocean heat content and volume, natural oceanic cycles, and both natural and human-induced changes in coastal land elevation. The learning is enhanced with rich graphics and periodic questions.
Interpreting Climate Outlooks: An Australian Example
Climate outlooks provide probability-based information about expected rainfall and temperatures at timescales of months or longer. This lesson demonstrates how monthly and seasonal outlooks issued by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology can be combined with other information for use in decision-making by persons in climate-sensitive sectors. The lesson explains the main drivers affecting Australia's climate—ENSO, Indian Ocean Dipole, Southern Annular Mode, and the subtropical ridge—and explores how the status of the climate drivers can affect the outlook maps as well as confidence in the outlo ...
Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 2: General Principles in Integrating Climate Change
This lesson describes a common approach used by the United States Bureau of Reclamation to scope a study on integrating climate change information into water resources management and planning. Learners will become familiar with the types of questions that must be addressed for considering climate change impacts when scoping their study. Examples are given for several different water resources mission areas. Note that this is the second of a two lesson series, the first one is titled, "Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 1: Climate Variability and Change."
Ocean Acidification
The chemistry of the world’s oceans is changing. Ocean acidity is creeping upward, a result of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide. The added carbon dioxide depletes seawater of carbonate, a chemical constituent of minerals that form the shells and structures of animals including corals, molluscs, plankton, and others. The accelerating impacts are expected to reverberate through the marine food web. Most people are unaware of ocean acidification and its expected impacts. This lesson will educate policy makers and university students about its causes and consequences. The lesson explains the chem ...
INDARE, Indian Ocean Data Rescue Initiative : summary report
This publication provides a summary of a capacity building workshop on Data Rescue (DARE), Quality Control (QC), Homogenisation and Climate Change Indices held in Arusha, Tanzania from 9-14 November 2015 as part of the implementation of the Indian Ocean Data Rescue (INDARE) initiative. The National Meteorological and Hydrological Services of Comoros, Kenya, Madagascar, Maldives, Mozambique, Seychelles, Sri Lanka and Tanzania participated in the workshop and received the necessary knowledge and software to undertake QC and homogenisation of their climate time series and use them for analysing c ...
Pacific Islands Meteorological Services in Action : A Compendium of Climate Services Case Studies
SPREP ; Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI); Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland ; et al. - SPREP, 2016
Use of Climate Predictions to Manage Risks
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) - WMO, 2016 (WMO-No. 1174)
Weather, Climate and Hydrological services: how WMO supports the 2030 agenda for sustainable development
Weather, climate and water can either disrupt sustainable development or advance it. The providers of weather, climate, hydrological, marine and related environmental services therefore have a critical role to play in assisting countries to implement the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). High-quality meteorological services empower decision-makers to better manage agriculture, public health, water resources, energy production, transportation and other sectors that are critical for national development.
Climate Services for Supporting Climate Change Adaptation : Supplement to the Technical Guidelines for The National Adaptation Plan Process
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) - WMO, 2016 (WMO-No. 1170)Because of the current and projected impacts on climate due to the high levels of greenhousegas (GHG) emissions, adaptation is a necessary strategy at all scales in a changing climate. At its 17th session, the Conference of Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) established the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process as a way to facilitate effective adaptation planning in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and other developing countries. The four key elements that need to be undertaken in the development of NAPs are: Laying the groundwork and addressin ...
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Call for an Ethical Framework for Climate Services
Climate services have the potential to contribute to human security by improving our ability to enhance societal benefits, and reduce losses, related to climate. As natural climate patterns continue to change, society will want more timely and reliable climate services to help them gain an understanding of climate risks and for guidance on how to take advantage of related opportunities. 1 2
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A Pathway to Climate Services for SIDS
Bulletin, Vol. 64(2). WMO, 2015Caribbean, Pacific and Indian Ocean Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are extremely vulnerable to hydro-meteorological hazards. In the coming years, climate change is likely to increase the frequency and severity of such hazards in these islands while simultaneously increasing vulnerability by damaging ecosystems and wiping out livelihoods. Thus, in a bid to increase resilience to extreme weather events and the adverse impacts of climate change, the World Meteorological Congress in June approved the establishment of a new programme to support and enhance weather and climate services in SID ...
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The Polar Challenge: Pushing the Boundaries of Observations for Climate Research and Services
Bulletin, Vol. 64(2). WMO, 2015The cryosphere is a major indicator of global climate change and plays a fundamental role in the climate system. Despite advances in numerical modelling, the reliability of long-term climate change predictions in the Arctic and Antarctic are severely limited by the lack of systematic in situ observations of and beneath the sea ice. For this reason, the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)1 and the Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation are sponsoring a Polar Challenge2 that will reward the first team to complete a 2 000 km mission with an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) under the Arctic ...
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Managing Risk with Climate Prediction Products and Services
Bulletin, Vol. 64(2). WMO, 2015Demand for climate predictions on timescales of weeks to decades is accelerating as decision-makers in both private and public sectors increasingly recognize their relevance in building climate resilience and in climate change adaptation. Tailored climate services are sought by various types of users for longer-term decisions and planning, for early warning of potential hazards, and for climate variability and change adaptation and mitigation. Collaboration within the Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) is ensuring that providers of climate prediction products interact more effectivel ...
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Climate Services for the Energy Sector: A New Priority Area for the GFCS
Energy systems are the engine of economic and social development. Their investments represent a sizeable portion of a country’s GDP. Indeed, energy is essential to practically all aspects of human welfare, including access to water, agricultural productivity, health care, education, job creation and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, energy sector emissions, such as CO2, account for the largest share of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Emissions reduction targets under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) are expected to significantly increase dema ...
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Progress in Observing and Predicting ENSO
Bulletin, Vol. 64(1). WMO, 2015Governments, private companies and individuals are demanding ever more sophisticated climate services, as manifested by the Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS). But parts of the ocean observation network – paramount to the delivery of climate services – are at risk, and the evolution of climate prediction systems is not keeping pace in terms of accuracy and reliability
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Climate Services - Transitioning from CLIPS to GFCS
Bulletin, Vol. 64(1). WMO, 2015In 1995, the World Meteorological Congress established the Climate Information and Prediction Services (CLIPS) project “to provide the best possible climate information, including expectations of future conditions, to improve economic and social decisions that will reduce risks and improve economic vitality as well as quality of life.” Since, CLIPS has strived to increase climate knowledge, improve operational climate prediction capabilities, and develop the capacities of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) to deliver climate information to meet the needs of stakeholders. ...
Satellite-Derived Climatology Products for Monitoring Convection Over West and Central Africa
A weather forecaster’s knowledge of climatology is important to the success of a forecast, especially where convection is involved. That’s particularly true over Central and West Africa where convection has a strong diurnal cycle and usually develops over particular geographic regions and during specific time intervals. The lesson describes satellite-derived cloud climatology products and several global instability indices, all of which can be integrated with other products to forecast convection. Although the lesson uses examples of climatology products from specific months, it makes the full ...
Geospatial Infrastructure for Coastal Communities: Informing Adaptation to Sea Level Rise
Aimed at community planners, emergency managers, and other coastal zone decision-makers this video will explain how using geospatial information already available through NOAA, combined with strategic local investments in infrastructure can provide communities with the data needed to confidently plan for future sea-level changes. This resource is hosted on COMET's YouTube Channel.
Introduction to Climatology for the Tropical Pacific Islands
This lesson provides information on climatology—what it is, the factors that create an area's climate, and the sources and uses of climate information. Focused specifically on tropical Pacific islands, the content covers the key features influencing climate in that region and includes examples for four locations distributed across the tropical Pacific Ocean, both north and south of the equator. The lesson provides a basic introduction to tropical climatology intended for a wide range of users, from meteorology technicians, forecasters, and scientists, to those in industries or sectors influenc ...
NCAR Climate Data Guide
The Climate Data Guide provides concise and reliable information on the strengths and limitations of the key observational data sets, tools and methods used to evaluate Earth system models and to understand the climate system. Citable expert commentaries are authored by experienced data users and developers, enabling scientists to multiply the impacts of their work and the diverse user community to access and understand the essential data. This resource is made available courtesy of NCAR's Climate and Global Dynamics Division and is not produced, owned or hosted by UCAR/COMET.
Overview of Watershed and Channel Sedimentation
This lesson provides an overview of the primary influences of watershed and channel sedimentation. In a short narrated portion of the lesson, we explore a section of the Rio Grande watershed and channel in New Mexico using Google Earth imagery, river profiles, and graphic animations. We highlight features of the upland catchments, the river channel, and the Elephant Butte Reservoir. We then demonstrate how environmental factors (climate, geography, land use changes, reservoirs) impact the supply and movement of sediments for the Rio Grande and other rivers. The focus is on the three primary pr ...
The Scientific Fundamentals of Climate Change
The climate system is a complex, interactive system consisting of the atmosphere, land surface, snow and ice, oceans and other bodies of water, and living elements. The climate system evolves in time under the influence of its own internal dynamics and due to changes in external factors. But, do you know what the meteorological consequences of climate variability and change are? What is the human contribution to climate variability? Find out about these and other issues through the UN CC:Learn learning interface on the scientific fundamentals of climate change. If you are a newcomer to the are ...
Arctic drives new era in climate and weather services
The Arctic is changing. Melting sea ice, thawing perma¬frost and a greening tundra are some of the consequences of Arctic temperatures that have been higher in the past few decades than at any other time over the past 2000 years. Unanticipated alterations in weather patterns and ocean currents are driving changes both on land and in the oceans.
Satellites for Climate Services: case studies for establishing an architecture for climate monitoring from space
The report describes case studies that demonstrate the direct or indirect value of Earth observation satellites for climate services.
Intergovernmental Board on Climate Services, Second session : Abridged final report with resolutions
Conference report - Conference on the Gender Dimensions of Weather and Climate Services
The Conference on the Gender Dimensions of Weather and Climate Services was a landmark international forum addressing how to equally empower women and men to build safer, stronger and more resilient societies through the provision and use of gender-sensitive weather and climate services. The Conference represented the contribution of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and its partners to the review of implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 20 years after its adoption. It also provided recommendations to enrich the development of the post-2015 disaster risk r ...
Rapport de la conférence - Conférence sur l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes dans le contexte des services météorologiques et climatologiques
La Conférence sur l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes dans le contexte des services météorologiques et climatologiques portait sur les moyens d’assurer la participation de tous – hommes et femmes – à l’instauration d’un monde plus sûr et plus résilient, grâce à des services météorologiques et climatologiques qui tiennent compte de la situation spécifique des femmes. Appelée à faire date, cette conférence représentait la contribution de l’Organisation météorologique mondiale (OMM) et de ses partenaires à l’examen de la mise en oeuvre de la Déclaration et du Programme d’action de Beijing, v ...
Отчет конференции - Конференция по гендерным аспектам метеорологического и климатического обслуживания
Конференция по гендерным аспектам метеорологического и климатического обслуживания стала знаковым международным форумом, посвященным вопросам предоставления женщи- нам и мужчинам равных прав и возможностей для построения более безопасного, крепкого и устойчивого к внешним воздействиям общества путем предоставления и использования метеорологического и климатического обслуживания с учетом гендерных факторов. Конфе- ренция осветила вклад Всемирной Метеорологической Организации (ВМО) и ее партнеров в обзор осуществления Пекинской декларации и Платформы действий спустя 20 лет после их принятия. Кро ...
大会报告 - 天气和气候服务性别维度大会
天气和气候服务性别维度大会是具重大意义的国际论坛，旨在讨论如何平等地赋权女性 和男性，从而通过提供和使用性别敏感型天气和气候服务，建立起更安全、更强大和更具抗 御能力的社会。此次大会阐述了世界气象组织(WMO)及其伙伴对《北京宣言》和《行动纲要》 通过后二十年来的落实情况进行审议所做出的贡献。此次大会还提出了若干建议，以便充实 材料，用于制定2015年后减轻灾害风险框架和2015年后可持续发展议程以及全球气候服务 框架(GFCS)。
Informe de la conferencia - Conferencia sobre la dimensión de género de los servicios meteorológicos y climáticos
La Conferencia sobre la dimensión de género de los servicios meteorológicos y climáticos fue un foro internacional histórico en que se abordó el modo de empoderar equitativamente a mujeres y hombres para crear sociedades más seguras, fuertes y resilientes mediante la prestación y el uso de servicios meteorológicos y climáticos que tuviesen en cuenta las cuestiones de género. La Conferencia representó la contribución de la Organización Meteorológica Mundial (OMM) y sus asociados al examen de la puesta en práctica de la Declaración y Plataforma de Acción de Beijing 20 años después de su adopción ...
تقرير المؤتمر - مؤتمر الأبعاد الجنسانية لخدمات الطقس والمناخ
شكّل مؤتمر الأبعاد الجنسانية لخدمات الطقس والمناخ منتدىً دولياً بارزاً تناول كيفية تمكين المرأة والرجل من بناء مجتمعات أكثر أمناً وقوة وأكثر قدرة على المواجهة عبر تقديم خدمات للطقس والمناخ تراعي البُعد الجنساني. وجاء المؤتمر كمساهمة من قبل المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد الجوية ) WMO ( وشركائها في استعراض تنفيذ إعلان ومنهاج عمل بيجين، بعد مرور عشرين عاماً على اعتماده. وقدّم المؤتمر أيضاً توصيات جاءت لتُثري عملية إعداد إطار الحد من مخاطر الكوارث لما بعد عام 015 2 وجدول أعمال التنمية المستدامة لما بعد عام 2015 ، إضافة إلى الإطار العالمي للخدمات المناخية ) .)GFCS
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Потенциальное влияние на климат Китайского проекта по регулированию расхода воды на плотине «Три ущелья»
Бюллетень, Том 62. BMO, 2014Китайский проект «Три ущелья» (далее – Проект) вызы- вает высокую озабоченность как в Китае, так и за рубе- жом. Люди обсуждают аргументы за и против строи- тельства такой крупномасштабной плотины и спорят относительно ее возможного влияния на местную окружающую среду. С того момента, когда плотина «Три ущелья» начала поднимать уровень воды, стали часто появляться сообщения об экстремальных явле- ниях в этом районе, включая засухи и паводки.
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Примирение постпозитивистского и постмодернистского мировоззрений в области климатических исследований и обслуживания
Изменение климата постепенно превратилось во всеобъ- емлющую проблему нынешнего поколения. То, что вначале рассматривалось как явление в области физиче- ских наук, как теперь оказалось, имеет более комплекс- ный характер и неразрывно связано с укладом жизни людей и принятием решением. Таким образом, целост- ный подход к науке о климате требует тщательных междисциплинарных и трансдисциплинарных исследо- ваний и практической работы в направлении осущест- вления действий по реагированию на местах.
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Организация оперативного климатического обслуживания на глобальном, региональном и национальном уровнях
Бюллетень, Том 62. BMO, 2014Глобальной рамочной основе для климатического обслуживания (ГРОКО) удалось наладить эффектив- ные партнерские отношения на глобальном уровне. Правительства при поддержке ООН и других между- народных организаций сотрудничают для продви- жения концепции климатического обслуживания, привлечения финансирования и развертывания проек- тов. Следующий шаг состоит в реализации ГРОКО на национальном и локальном уровнях для того, чтобы приблизить ее к конечным пользователям климати- ческих прогнозов, информации и рекомендаций. Это наилучшим образом может быть достигнуто посред- ством диалогов и рамочных ...
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Консорциум по проблемам климата и здоровья в Африке
Бюллетень, Том 62. BMO, 2014В настоящее время глобальное изменение климата – это реальность. Температура на поверхности Земли повы- силась более чем на 0,8 °С за последнее столетие и примерно на 0,6 °С за последние 30 лет. Это глобаль- ное изменение привело к экстремальным метеорологи- ческим явлениям, таким как наводнения, засухи и более мощные и частые штормы, которые оказывают негатив- ное влияние на здоровье уязвимых групп населения. В Африке влияние глобального потепления на здоровье человека проявляется в более высокой степени уязви- мости к болезням, переносимым через возбудителей инфекции, воздух и воду, а также ...
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Применение науки о климате на благо общества
Про г ра м м а «К л и м атич е с кое о бс лу ж и в а н ие в Соединенном Королевстве» поможет лицам, принима- ющим решения, управлять возможностями и рисками, связанными с изменчивостью и изменением климата как в самой Великобритании, так и за рубежом.
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тень ВМО 62, Специальный выпуск - 2013 г. | 23 Уменьшение опасности бедствий и управление связанными с бедствиями рисками в условиях изменения климата
Бюллетень, Том 62. BMO, 2014Уменьшение опасности бедствий (УОБ) является одним из основных направлений деятельности ВМО и одной из четырех приоритетных областей в рамках Глобальной рамочной основы для климатического обслуживания. Согласно анализу данных EM-DAT1 за 1970–2009 гг., в этот период зарегистрировано 7 870 стихийных бедствий, вызванных климатическими, гидрологическими и мете- орологическими опасными явлениями, в результате которых погибло 1 860 000 человек и причинен эконо- мический ущерб на сумму 1,954 триллиона долларов США (в ценах 2011 г.). Стихийные бедствия задержи- вают социально-экономическое развитие на ...
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