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Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2018 (GORMP 58)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2018The Assessment documents the advances in scientific understanding of ozone depletion reflecting the thinking of the many international scientific experts who have contributed to its preparation and review. These advances add to the scientific basis for decisions made by the Parties to the Montreal Protocol. It is based on longer observational records, new chemistry- climate model simulations, and new analyses.
Met 101: Introduction to the Atmosphere
This lesson provides an overview of Earth’s atmosphere, its vertical structure, the fundamental forces acting on air, and how the atmosphere's composition affects the colors we see in the sky. The lesson also includes information about how Earth receives energy from the Sun as solar and infrared radiation, and the mechanisms for transferring heat around the globe. Learners will be introduced to the components of Earth’s water cycle, and also briefly explore the main types of systems used to observe the atmosphere.
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Climate Predictability in the Stratosphere
In order to accurately predict the day-to-day evolution of weather systems, one needs a detailed description of the initial state of the atmosphere. A good picture of the actual atmospheric conditions is therefore required. Predictability of the atmosphere associated with its initial state is, however, limited to approximately 10 days. Beyond this limit, only statistical properties of atmospheric conditions can be predicted. Of these, the mean state of the atmosphere over some period of time and the probability of extreme weather events are perhaps the most relevant for society.
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The 2009–2010 Arctic polar stratospheric cloud season: a CALIPSO perspective
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 5. Pitts M.C.; Poole L.R.; Dörnbrack A.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011Spaceborne lidar measurements from CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations) are used to provide a vortex-wide perspective of the 2009–2010 Arctic PSC (polar stratospheric cloud) season to complement more focused measurements from the European Union RECONCILE (reconciliation of essential process parameters for an enhanced predictability of Arctic stratospheric ozone loss and its climate interactions) field campaign. The 2009–2010 Arctic winter was unusually cold at stratospheric levels from mid-December 2009 until the end of January 2010, and was one of only ...
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Impact of deep convection and dehydration on bromine loading in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 3. Aschmann J.; Sinnhuber B.-M.; Chipperfield M.P.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011Stratospheric bromine loading due to very short-lived substances is investigated with a three-dimensional chemical transport model over a period of 21 years using meteorological input data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ERA-Interim reanalysis from 1989 to the end of 2009. Within this framework we analyze the impact of dehydration and deep convection on the amount of stratospheric bromine using an idealized and a detailed full chemistry approach. We model the two most important brominated short-lived substances, bromoform (CHBr3) and dibromomethane (CH2Br2), assumin ...
Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2010 (GORMP 52)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2011It has been recognized since the 1970s that a number of compounds emitted by human activities deplete stratospheric ozone. The montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone layer was adopted in 1987 to protect global ozone and, consequently, protect life from increased ultraviolet (UV) radiation at Earth’s surface. Chlorine- and brominecontaining substances that are controlled by the montreal Protocol are known as ozone-depleting substances (ODSs).
ODSs are responsible for the depletion of stratospheric ozone observed in polar regions (for example, the “ozone hole” above An ...
Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006 - Twenty Questions and Answers about the Ozone Layer: 2006 update (GORMP 50)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2007To help maintain a broad understanding of the relationship between ozone depletion, ODSs, and the Montreal Protocol, this component of the Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006 presents 20 questions and answers about the often-complex science of ozone depletion. Most questions and answers are updates of those presented in previous Ozone Assessments, while others have been added or expanded to address newly emerging issues. The questions address the nature of atmospheric ozone, the chemicals that cause ozone depletion, how global and polar ozone depletion occur, the success of the Mont ...
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 18/2004. Report of the twelfth session of the Scientific steering group on stratospheric processes and their role in climate (SPARC)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2004
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 1/2004. Report of the eleventh session of the Scientific steering group on stratospheric processes and their role in climate (SPARC)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2004
Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2002 - Executive Summary (GORMP 47)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2003It has been recognized since the 1970s that a number of compounds emitted by human activities deplete stratospheric ozone. The montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone layer was adopted in 1987 to protect global ozone and, consequently, protect life from increased ultraviolet (UV) radiation at Earth’s surface. Chlorine- and brominecontaining substances that are controlled by the montreal Protocol are known as ozone-depleting substances (ODSs).
ODSs are responsible for the depletion of stratospheric ozone observed in polar regions (for example, the “ozone hole” above An ...
Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2002 (GORMP 47)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2003It has been recognized since the 1970s that a number of compounds emitted by human activities deplete stratospheric ozone. The montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone layer was adopted in 1987 to protect global ozone and, consequently, protect life from increased ultraviolet (UV) radiation at Earth’s surface. Chlorine- and brominecontaining substances that are controlled by the montreal Protocol are known as ozone-depleting substances (ODSs).
ODSs are responsible for the depletion of stratospheric ozone observed in polar regions (for example, the “ozone hole” above An ...
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 5/2003. Tenth session of the Scientific steering group on stratospheric processes and their role in climate (SPARC)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2003
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Vol. 80, No.4B - September 2002 - Special issue on Stratosphere-Troposphere coupling
is an issue of Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Meteorological Society of Japan, 2002
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 6/2002. Ninth session of the Scientific steering group on stratospheric processes and their role in climate (SPARC)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2002
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 16/2001. Eighth session of the Scientific steering group on stratospheric processes and their role in climate (SPARC)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2001
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Assessing the Impacts of Short-Lived Compounds on Stratospheric Ozone : Report to the United Nations Environment Programme from the Cochairs of the Montreal Protocol. Scientific Assessment Panel
UNEP, 2000
Action on ozone
UNEP, 2000It is one of UNEP’s proudest achievements to have led the international effort to protect the Earth’s ozone layer. The Montreal Protocol, which was negotiated under our aegis, has, rightly, been regarded as a model for other international environmental agreements.
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 7/2000. Seventh session of the Scientific steering group on stratospheric processes and their role in climate (SPARC)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2000
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 6/1999. Sixth session of the Scientific steering group on stratospheric processes and their role in climate (SPARC)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 1999
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 5/1998. Fifth session of the Scientific steering group on stratospheric processes and their role in climate (SPARC)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 1998
WCRP, 105. Stratospheric processes and their role in climate :implementation plan
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 1998 (WMO/TD-No. 914)
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