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GAW Report, 203. The Atmospheric Input of Chemicals to the Ocean
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Maritime Organization (IMO); Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO); et al. - WMO, 2012The atmospheric input of chemicals to the ocean is closely related to a number of important global change issues. The increasing input of atmospheric anthropogenic nitrogen species to much of the ocean may cause a low level fertilization of the ocean that could result in an increase in marine 'new' productivity of up to ~3% and thus impact carbon drawdown from the atmosphere. However, the increase in nitrogen inputs are also likely to increase the formation of nitrous oxide in the ocean. The increased emission of this powerful greenhouse gas will partially offset the climate forcing impact res ...
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Maritime Organization ; Food and Agriculture Organization (Rome, Italia) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission ; International Atomic Energy Agency (Vienna, Austria) ; United Nations ; United Nations Environment Programme ; United Nations Development Programme
Published by: WMO ; 2012The atmospheric input of chemicals to the ocean is closely related to a number of important global change issues. The increasing input of atmospheric anthropogenic nitrogen species to much of the ocean may cause a low level fertilization of the ocean that could result in an increase in marine 'new' productivity of up to ~3% and thus impact carbon drawdown from the atmosphere. However, the increase in nitrogen inputs are also likely to increase the formation of nitrous oxide in the ocean. The increased emission of this powerful greenhouse gas will partially offset the climate forcing impact resulting from the increase in carbon dioxide drawdown produced by N fertilization. Similarly, much of the oceanic iron, which is a limiting nutrient in many areas of the ocean, originates from the atmospheric input of minerals as a result of the long-range transport of mineral dust from continental regions. The increased supply of soluble phosphorus from atmospheric anthropogenic sources (through large-scale use in fertilizers) may also have a significant impact on surface-ocean biogeochemistry, but estimates are highly uncertain. While it is possible that the inputs of sulphur and nitrogen oxides from the atmosphere can add to the rates of ocean acidification occurring due to rising levels of carbon dioxide, there is too little information on these processes to assess the potential impact. These inputs may be particularly critical in heavily trafficked shipping lanes and in ocean regions proximate to highly industrialized land areas. Other atmospheric substances may also have an impact on the ocean, in particular lead, cadmium, and POPs. GESAMP initiated Working Group 38, The Atmospheric Input of Chemicals to the Ocean, to address these issues.
Collection(s) and Series: GAW Report- No. 203
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free), Hard copyTags: Oceans ; Atmospheric chemistry ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Global Atmosphere Watch Programme (GAW) ; GESAMP 84
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WWRP/THORPEX, 16. International core steering committee for THORPEX - Ninth session : final report
The ninth session of the CAS International Core Steering Committee (ICSC) for THORPEX was held at the World Meteorological Organization Geneva from the 21-22 September 2011. The ICSC proceeded with the work assigned by the CAS, the WMO Executive Council and the World Meteorological Congress. This included reviews of the progress in planning and further development of THORPEX on the global and regional level, financial and administrative matters related to THORPEX management, the International Programme Office (IPO) and the Trust Fund. All documents and presentations considered and discussed at ...
Published by: WMO ; 2012
The ninth session of the CAS International Core Steering Committee (ICSC) for THORPEX was held at the World Meteorological Organization Geneva from the 21-22 September 2011. The ICSC proceeded with the work assigned by the CAS, the WMO Executive Council and the World Meteorological Congress. This included reviews of the progress in planning and further development of THORPEX on the global and regional level, financial and administrative matters related to THORPEX management, the International Programme Office (IPO) and the Trust Fund. All documents and presentations considered and discussed at the ICSC9 may be downloaded from http://www.wmo.int/thorpex
Collection(s) and Series: WWRP/THORPEX- No. 16
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Observations ; Numerical weather prediction ; Commission for Atmospheric Sciences (CAS) ; World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) ; THORPEX 16
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GAW Report, 198. Data Quality Objectives (DQO) for Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Measurements - Part I: Scanning Spectral and Broadband Instruments. Addendum to WMO/GAW Report No. 146 - Quality Assurance in Monitoring Solar Ultraviolet Radiation, state of the Art
Data Quality Objectives (DQO) for Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Measurements - Part I: Scanning Spectral and Broadband Instruments. Addendum to WMO/GAW Report No. 146 - Quality Assurance in Monitoring Solar Ultraviolet Radiation, state of the Art
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World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Vitali Fioletov ; Serm Janjai ; Takashi Koide ; Richard McKenzie ; G. Seckmeyer ; Craig Sinclair ; A. Webb ; Liisa Jalkanen
Published by: WMO ; 2011Collection(s) and Series: GAW Report- No. 198
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free), Hard copyTags: Global Atmosphere Watch Programme (GAW) ; Solar radiation ; Measure ; Observations ; Meteorological instrument
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GAW Report, 202. Workshop on Modelling and Observing the Impacts of Dust Transport/Deposition on Marine Productivity
In this report we evaluate the state-of-art knowledge and uncertainties regarding the deposition of dust on the ocean and its mineralogical composition provided by models and measurement datasets. Global climate models were recently intercompared by Huneeus et al. (2011) using results from the AEROCOM model intercomparison. The deposition calculations from these global models are frequently used as input for biological productivity calculations. A model measurement comparison (Huneeus, 2011) shows that global models do reproduce the observed data over several orders of magnitude. However, the ...
Published by: WMO ; 2011
In this report we evaluate the state-of-art knowledge and uncertainties regarding the deposition of dust on the ocean and its mineralogical composition provided by models and measurement datasets. Global climate models were recently intercompared by Huneeus et al. (2011) using results from the AEROCOM model intercomparison. The deposition calculations from these global models are frequently used as input for biological productivity calculations. A model measurement comparison (Huneeus, 2011) shows that global models do reproduce the observed data over several orders of magnitude. However, the agreement with individual measurements is within a factor of three at best. To estimate the flux of mineral nutrients to the ocean, the mineralogical composition of dust deposited at the surface ocean must be known. Very few studies have been performed to assess mineralogical composition of dust over the ocean, and thus the associated uncertainties in the mineralogy are even larger than for dust alone.
Collection(s) and Series: GAW Report- No. 202
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free), Hard copy (ill., charts)Tags: Oceans ; Ocean model ; Modelling ; Marine environment ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Global Atmosphere Watch Programme (GAW) ; GAW 202
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GAW Report, 200. WMO/GAW Standard Operating Procedures for In-situ Measurements of Aerosol Mass Concentration, Light Scattering and Light Absorption
WMO/GAW Standard Operating Procedures for In-situ Measurements of Aerosol Mass Concentration, Light Scattering and Light Absorption
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Published by: WMO ; 2011
Collection(s) and Series: GAW Report- No. 200
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free), Hard copyTags: Observations ; Aerosols ; Measure ; Methodology ; Global Atmosphere Watch Programme (GAW) ; GAW 200
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GAW Report, 199. Tropospheric Ozone Changes : observations, state of understanding and model performances
This report presents an almost complete collection of extended abstracts of the oral and poster presentations of the second workshop on tropospheric ozone changes. For some presentations no extended abstract is included as their content has already been published in peer reviewed literature or manuscripts are under preparation. A summary of this workshop has been submitted as a newsletter article of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Project (IGAC, 2011). The original workshop presentations are available from the meeting web site at
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GAW Report, 197. Addendum for the Period 2012-2015 to the WMO Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Strategic Plan 2008-2015
The GAW Strategic Plan serves to guide the development of the Programme during an eight year period. The present ‘WMO Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Strategic Plan: 2008-2015’, published as GAW Report No. 172, specified implementation tasks for the period 2008-2011 [WMO, 2007c]. The purpose of this document, the ‘Addendum to the GAW Strategic Plan: 2008-2015’, is to guide the work of all GAW contributors for the period 2012-2015. The general strategy for the development of the Programme, the long-term objectives, the implementation principles, and the various goals spelled out in sub-chapters o ...
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GORMP, 53. Report of the Eighth Meeting of the Ozone Research Managers of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer
WMO, 2011
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CAS/JSC WGNE Report, 27. 27th session of the CAS/JSC Working Group on Numerical Experimentation (WGNE-27)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) ; et al. - WMO, 2011
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CAS/JSC WGNE Report, 26. 26th session of the CAS/JSC Working Group on Numerical Experimentation (WGNE-26)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Jakob Christian; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2011
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GAW Report, 195. WMO/GAW Expert Workshop on Global Long-term Measurements of Nitrogen Oxides and Recommendations for GAW Nitrogen Oxides Network
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Gilge S.; Plass-Duelmer C.; et al. - WMO, 2011 (WMO/TD-No. 1570)Nitrogen oxides are a component of a group of reactive gases required to be measured in the GAW Programme. The reactive gases group focuses on gases known to be intimately involved in various aspects of the chemistry of the troposphere and includes surface ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and sulphur dioxide (SO2), as well as oxidized nitrogen species. The sum of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) has traditionally been called NOx. The sum of oxidized nitrogen species with an oxidation number >1, both organic and inorganic, is referred to as ...
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GAW Report, 194. 15th WMO/IAEA Meeting of Experts on Carbon Dioxyide, other Greenhouse Gases and Related Tracers Measurement Techniques
The 15th WMO/IAEA Meeting of Experts on Carbon Dioxide, Other Greenhouse Gases and Related Tracers Measurement Techniques took place from 7 to 10 September 2009 at the MaxPlanck-Institute for Biogeochemistry in Jena, Germany. The meeting reviewed current WMO data quality objectives, covering such topics as carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, stable isotopes, radiocarbon in greenhouse gas measurements, calibration, quality control, data management and archiving. The experts also discussed new and emerging technologies, including measurements of greenhouse gases with high-precision spectr ...
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GAW Report, 189. Report of the MACC/GAW Session on the Near-Real-Time Delivery of the GAW Observations of Reactive Gases
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Penkett Stuart; Schultz M.; et al. - WMO, 2010 (WMO/TD-No. 1527)
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