Topics


![]()
![]()
The Sahel Drought Mechanism: insights from two contrasting extreme events
The Sahel drought mechanism: insights from two contrasting extreme events during boreal summer July-August-September (JAS) is investigated in this study using the standardized precipitation index (SPI). Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and composite analyses were deployed in this study, where the global precipitation climatology center (GPCC) rainfall data is used. The SPI shows large widespread decreasing rainfall trend in the Sahel in the mid-1980s; thereafter, Sahel rainfall have recovered somewhat through the late 1990s, even though the drought conditions have not ended in the region. A ...
Published by: Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology ; 2016
The Sahel drought mechanism: insights from two contrasting extreme events during boreal summer July-August-September (JAS) is investigated in this study using the standardized precipitation index (SPI). Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and composite analyses were deployed in this study, where the global precipitation climatology center (GPCC) rainfall data is used. The SPI shows large widespread decreasing rainfall trend in the Sahel in the mid-1980s; thereafter, Sahel rainfall have recovered somewhat through the late 1990s, even though the drought conditions have not ended in the region. Although the region is still yet to fully recover from the early 1980s devastating droughts, but in recent decades the Sahel is not as dry as it used to be in the 1980s. An EOF analysis of Atlantic and Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures (SSTs), SPI reveal a fairly linear trend resulting from trends in SSTs and precipitation induced mode of inter-annual variations as the two leading patterns, respectively. Our results from analysis of the two Oceans’ SSTs refute the conclusion of earlier studies that southward shift of tropical Atlantic SSTs, and steady warming in the Indian Ocean which enhances subsidence over the Sahel through Ross-by waves caused the severe Sahel drought. The results of this study may only be useful in this context and should not imply that SSTs variability in the Atlantic and Indian Ocean solely explains rainfall variability over the Sahel, but rather that the combined SST forcing can, at least in certain years, be an important driving force of Sahel rainfall variability. Composite analyses show that the Sahel drought is usually accompanied by easterly winds, and moisture transport from the continent into the Atlantic Ocean.
Notes: If you wish to download the full text, please contact the author (laiandulicsay(at)yahoo.com) or library(at)wmo.int (Please replace (at) by @).
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Available online for logged-in users)Tags: Drought ; Extreme weather event ; Sahel ; West Africa ; Region I - Africa ; Thesis - WMO Fellowship Division ; Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)
Add tag
No review, please log in to add yours !
![]()
![]()
Satellite-Derived Climatology Products for Monitoring Convection Over West and Central Africa
A weather forecaster’s knowledge of climatology is important to the success of a forecast, especially where convection is involved. That’s particularly true over Central and West Africa where convection has a strong diurnal cycle and usually develops over particular geographic regions and during specific time intervals. The lesson describes satellite-derived cloud climatology products and several global instability indices, all of which can be integrated with other products to forecast convection. Although the lesson uses examples of climatology products from specific months, it makes the full ...
Available online: https://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=1205
Published by: The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research ; 2015
A weather forecaster’s knowledge of climatology is important to the success of a forecast, especially where convection is involved. That’s particularly true over Central and West Africa where convection has a strong diurnal cycle and usually develops over particular geographic regions and during specific time intervals. The lesson describes satellite-derived cloud climatology products and several global instability indices, all of which can be integrated with other products to forecast convection. Although the lesson uses examples of climatology products from specific months, it makes the full suite of products available for each month of the year. The lesson is aimed at weather forecasters and meteorology students who work in West and Central Africa and are interested in the area’s weather and/or climatology. Note that the lesson has been developed with funding from EUMETSAT for the ASMET project.
Disclaimer regarding 3rd party resources: WMO endeavours to ensure, but cannot and does not guarantee the accuracy, accessibility, integrity and timeliness of the information available on its website. WMO may make changes to the content of this website at any time without notice.
The responsibility for opinions expressed in articles, publications, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and their posting on this website does not constitute an endorsement by WMO of the opinion expressed therein.
WMO shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of the use of its website. Please do not misuse our website.Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Standard Copyright)Tags: Weather forecasting ; Cloud type ; Climate services ; Convection ; Lesson/ Tutorial ; West Africa ; Central Africa ; Sahel ; Competencies for Provision of Climate Services ; Satellite Skills and Knowledge for Operational Meteorologists
Add tag
No review, please log in to add yours !
![]()
![]()
ASMET: Flooding in West Africa
The rainy season in Sahelian West Africa extends from June to September and is tied to the position of the intertropical front. During this period, mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) often produce significant rainfall that can lead to flooding. This module examines an extreme flooding event that occurred in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso from 31 August to 1 September 2009. Learners assume the role of forecaster, assessing meteorological conditions to see if an MCS will develop that can lead to heavy rain and flooding. They follow a forecast process that emphasizes the use of satellite data, standa ...
Available online: https://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=922
Published by: The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research ; 2012
The rainy season in Sahelian West Africa extends from June to September and is tied to the position of the intertropical front. During this period, mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) often produce significant rainfall that can lead to flooding. This module examines an extreme flooding event that occurred in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso from 31 August to 1 September 2009. Learners assume the role of forecaster, assessing meteorological conditions to see if an MCS will develop that can lead to heavy rain and flooding. They follow a forecast process that emphasizes the use of satellite data, standard surface and upper-air charts, and model output. The forecast process is tied to a conceptual model of the key features that drive convective activities in West Africa.
Disclaimer regarding 3rd party resources: WMO endeavours to ensure, but cannot and does not guarantee the accuracy, accessibility, integrity and timeliness of the information available on its website. WMO may make changes to the content of this website at any time without notice.
The responsibility for opinions expressed in articles, publications, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and their posting on this website does not constitute an endorsement by WMO of the opinion expressed therein.
WMO shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of the use of its website. Please do not misuse our website.Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Standard Copyright)Tags: Weather forecasting ; Lesson/ Tutorial ; West Africa ; Burkina Faso ; Niger ; Sahel ; Satellite Skills and Knowledge for Operational Meteorologists
Add tag
No review, please log in to add yours !
![]()
![]()
Ending the everyday emergency: resilience and children in the Sahel
This report demonstrates that shortage of food is only part of the severe and life-threatening crisis facing children in the Sahel region of west Africa in 2012. It focuses in particular on the experience of children, and makes detailed recommendations around disaster risk reduction, nutrition, and social protection to build resilience. The report also addresses the urgent need for political ambition to change the international system and end the everyday emergencies.
![]()
Available online: http://www.preventionweb.net/files/27663_endingtheeverydayemergencyfullrepor.pdf
Peter Gubbels ; Groundswell International ; Sahel Working Group ; Save the Children International ; World Vision International
Published by: WVI ; 2012This report demonstrates that shortage of food is only part of the severe and life-threatening crisis facing children in the Sahel region of west Africa in 2012. It focuses in particular on the experience of children, and makes detailed recommendations around disaster risk reduction, nutrition, and social protection to build resilience. The report also addresses the urgent need for political ambition to change the international system and end the everyday emergencies.
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Natural hazards ; Food Safety ; Vulnerability ; Multi-hazard Early Warning Systems (MHEWS) ; Social protection and welfare ; Region I - Africa ; Burkina Faso ; Mali ; Niger ; Sahel
Add tag
No review, please log in to add yours !
![]()
![]()
The perfect storm
Global Change magazine, Issue 76. IGBP, 2011
[article]
in Global Change magazine > Issue 76 (January 2011) . - 2 p.Language(s): English
Tags: Weather ; Soils ; Soil moisture ; Storm ; North Africa ; Sahel
Add tag
[article]No review, please log in to add yours !
![]()
![]()
![]()
Sécurité des moyens d’existence : changements climatiques, migrations et conflits au Sahel
PNUE, 2011Cette étude commune à paraître a deux objectifs : premièrement d’analyser l’évolution historique du climat dans le Sahel, d’identifier les régions où des problèmes se posent avec une acuité particulière (nommées « points chauds ») et de déterminer les implications potentielles des variations climatiques observées sur les moyens d’existence dépendants des ressources naturelles ; deuxièmement de fournir des recommandations destinées à améliorer la sensibilité des plans d’adaptations et d’investissement de la région aux problématiques de conflit et de migration.
Permalink![]()
![]()
![]()
CAgM Report, 51. Scientific lectures presented at the tenth session of the Commission for Agricultural Meteorology
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Sivakumar Mannava V.K.; Villalpando J.F. - WMO, 1992 (WMO/TD-No. 514)Conatins:
- Maracchi, G. Agrometeorological Information for Agricultural Systems subjected to climatic variability.
- Sivakumar, M.V.K., C. Renard,and J.M. Powell. Agroclimatic considerations for sustainable agro-silvi-pastoral systems in the Sudano-Sahelian Zone.
- Villalpando, J.F. Importancia Economica de la Information Agrometeorológica. (Spanish)
PermalinkPermalink![]()
![]()
![]()
GAW Report, 27. Report on the study of transport of Sahelian particulate matter using sunphotometer observations
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Global Environmental Monitoring System - WMO, 1985 (WMO/TD-No. 45)
PermalinkPermalink