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Basic Satellite Imagery Interpretation
This lesson teaches the basics of satellite image interpretation to forecasters, meteorology students, and other interested learners, with an emphasis on the African region. It begins by briefly describing visible, infrared, and water vapour channels, as well as RGBs and derived products. From there, it teaches learners how to interpret clouds and surface features using various channels and products. This sets the stage for the final section, where learners practice identifying features using assorted imagery and products. The lesson uses Meteosat Second Generation imagery over Africa and, to ...
Available online: https://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=1316
Published by: The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research ; 2017
This lesson teaches the basics of satellite image interpretation to forecasters, meteorology students, and other interested learners, with an emphasis on the African region. It begins by briefly describing visible, infrared, and water vapour channels, as well as RGBs and derived products. From there, it teaches learners how to interpret clouds and surface features using various channels and products. This sets the stage for the final section, where learners practice identifying features using assorted imagery and products. The lesson uses Meteosat Second Generation imagery over Africa and, to a lesser extent, Europe. Given the similarities in channels between satellites, the lesson should also appeal to a broader, international audience. This lesson is being designed to support EUMETSAT training courses, such as the online Satellite Application Courses run by EUMETSAT and the African training centers.
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WMO shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of the use of its website. Please do not misuse our website.Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Standard Copyright)Tags: Satellite ; Weather forecasting ; Lesson/ Tutorial ; Water vapour ; Satellite Skills and Knowledge for Operational Meteorologists
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Statistical analysis of rainfall trend and water vapor distribution over the Central African Republic
To apprehend the temporal and spatial distribution of the rainfall over CAR, we computed thirty-three years (1981-2013) of monthly rainfall, relative humidity over the country divided into four (4) distinct sub-regions. Bearing different characteristics one to another, we found that Region 2 and Region 4 were having a statistical significant upward trend along the long term rainfall variation; meanwhile Region 3 was the one having a highest coefficient of variation on the yearly basis. The composite analysis showed that December, January and February were the months with higher frequency of va ...
Statistical analysis of rainfall trend and water vapor distribution over the Central African Republic
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Published by: China Meteorological Admistration ; 2016
To apprehend the temporal and spatial distribution of the rainfall over CAR, we computed thirty-three years (1981-2013) of monthly rainfall, relative humidity over the country divided into four (4) distinct sub-regions. Bearing different characteristics one to another, we found that Region 2 and Region 4 were having a statistical significant upward trend along the long term rainfall variation; meanwhile Region 3 was the one having a highest coefficient of variation on the yearly basis. The composite analysis showed that December, January and February were the months with higher frequency of variation compared to June, July, August and September having the least frequency variation(by decreasing magnitude respectively) and the years 1984 and 2009 to be of a great magnitude in the Dry year composite just as 1988 and 2013 for the Wet years.
Notes: If you wish to download the full text, please contact the author (dadjataro(at)gmail.com) or library(at)wmo.int (Please replace (at) by @).
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Available online for logged-in users)Tags: Precipitation ; Water vapour ; Central African Republic ; Thesis - WMO Fellowship Division
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Microphysical and radiative effects of aerosols on warm clouds during the Amazon biomass burning season as observed by MODIS: impacts of water vapor and land cover
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 7. Ten Hoeve J.E.; Remer L.A.; Jacobson M.Z. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011Aerosol, cloud, water vapor, and temperature profile data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) are utilized to examine the impact of aerosols on clouds during the Amazonian biomass burning season in Rondônia, Brazil. It is found that increasing background column water vapor (CWV) throughout this transition season between the Amazon dry and wet seasons likely exerts a strong effect on cloud properties. As a result, proper analysis of aerosol-cloud relationships requires that data be stratified by CWV to account better for the influence of background meteorological vari ...
[article]Microphysical and radiative effects of aerosols on warm clouds during the Amazon biomass burning season as observed by MODIS: impacts of water vapor and land cover
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Available online: http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-3021-2011
in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP) > Vol. 11. N° 7 [04/01/2011] . - p.3021-3036Aerosol, cloud, water vapor, and temperature profile data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) are utilized to examine the impact of aerosols on clouds during the Amazonian biomass burning season in Rondônia, Brazil. It is found that increasing background column water vapor (CWV) throughout this transition season between the Amazon dry and wet seasons likely exerts a strong effect on cloud properties. As a result, proper analysis of aerosol-cloud relationships requires that data be stratified by CWV to account better for the influence of background meteorological variation. Many previous studies of aerosol-cloud interactions over Amazonia have ignored the systematic changes to meteorological factors during the transition season, leading to possible misinterpretation of their results. Cloud fraction (CF) is shown to increase or remain constant with aerosol optical depth (AOD), depending on the value of CWV, whereas the relationship between cloud optical depth (COD) and AOD is quite different. COD increases with AOD until AOD ~ 0.3, which is assumed to be due to the first indirect (microphysical) effect. At higher values of AOD, COD is found to decrease with increasing AOD, which may be due to: (1) the inhibition of cloud development by absorbing aerosols (radiative effect/semi-direct effect) and/or (2) a possible retrieval artifact in which the measured reflectance in the visible is less than expected from a cloud top either from the darkening of clouds through the addition of carbonaceous biomass burning aerosols within or above clouds or subpixel dark surface contamination in the measured cloud reflectance. If (1) is a contributing mechanism, as we suspect, then an empirically-derived increasing function between cloud drop number and aerosol concentration, assumed in a majority of global climate models, is inaccurate since these models do not include treatment of aerosol absorption in and around clouds. The relationship between aerosols and both CWV and clouds over varying land surface types is also analyzed. The study finds that the difference in CWV between forested and deforested land is not correlated with aerosol loading, supporting the assumption that temporal variation of CWV is primarily a function of the larger-scale meteorology. However, a difference in the response of CF to increasing AOD is observed between forested and deforested land. This suggests that dissimilarities between other meteorological factors, such as atmospheric stability, may have an impact on aerosol-cloud correlations between different land cover types.
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Aerosols ; Amazon ; Biomass ; Warm cloud ; Observations ; Water vapour ; Region III - South America
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IOM Report, 92. National/Regional Procedures of GPS Water Vapour Networks and Agreed International procedures
Published by: WMO ; 2006
Collection(s) and Series: WMO/TD- No. 1340; IOM Report- No. 92
Language(s): English
Format: CD, DVD, Digital (Free)Tags: Observations ; Meteorological instrument ; Water vapour ; Instruments and Methods of Observation Programme (IMOP) ; IOM 92
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La vapeur d'eau : recueil de notes sur les appareils de mesure
Organisation météorologique mondiale (OMM); Centre régional de formation et d'application en agrométéorologie et hydrologie opérationnelle ; Programme des Nations Unies pour le Développement (PNUD) - OMM, 1984
Organisation météorologique mondiale ; Centre régional de formation et d'application en agrométéorologie et hydrologie opérationnelle ; Programme des Nations Unies pour le Développement
Published by: OMM ; 1984Language(s): French
Format: Hard copyTags: Observations ; Water vapour ; Measure ; Hydrometeorological instrument
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Operational hydrology report (OHR), 11. Hydrological application of atmospheric vapour-flux analysis
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