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Measurement and simulation of the 16/17 April 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcanic ash layer dispersion in the northern Alpine region
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 3. Emeis S.; Forkel R.; Junkermann W.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011The spatial structure and the progression speed of the first ash layer from the Icelandic Eyjafjallajökull volcano which reached Germany on 16/17 April is investigated from remote sensing data and numerical simulations. The ceilometer network of the German Meteorological Service was able to follow the progression of the ash layer over the whole of Germany. This first ash layer turned out to be a rather shallow layer of only several hundreds of metres thickness which was oriented slantwise in the middle troposphere and which was brought downward by large-scale sinking motion over Southern Germa ...
[article]Measurement and simulation of the 16/17 April 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcanic ash layer dispersion in the northern Alpine region
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Available online: http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-2689-2011
S. Emeis ; R. Forkel ; W. Junkermann ; K. Schäfer ; H. Flentje ; S. Gilge ; W. Fricke ; M. Wiegner ; V. Freudenthaler ; S. Groβ ; L. Ries ; F. Meinhardt ; W. Birmili ; C. Münkel ; F. Obleitner ; P. Suppan
in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP) > Vol. 11. N° 3 [03/01/2011] . - p.2689-2701The spatial structure and the progression speed of the first ash layer from the Icelandic Eyjafjallajökull volcano which reached Germany on 16/17 April is investigated from remote sensing data and numerical simulations. The ceilometer network of the German Meteorological Service was able to follow the progression of the ash layer over the whole of Germany. This first ash layer turned out to be a rather shallow layer of only several hundreds of metres thickness which was oriented slantwise in the middle troposphere and which was brought downward by large-scale sinking motion over Southern Germany and the Alps. Special Raman lidar measurements, trajectory analyses and in-situ observations from mountain observatories helped to confirm the volcanic origin of the detected aerosol layer. Ultralight aircraft measurements permitted the detection of the arrival of a second major flush of volcanic material in Southern Germany. Numerical simulations with the Eulerian meso-scale model MCCM were able to reproduce the temporal and spatial structure of the ash layer. Comparisons of the model results with the ceilometer network data on 17 April and with the ultralight aircraft data on 19 April were satisfying. This is the first example of a model validation study from this ceilometer network data.
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Alps, the ; Region VI - Europe ; Atmosphere ; Airborne ash ; Volcanic Eruption ; Natural hazards
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Chemical composition and mixing-state of ice residuals sampled within mixed phase clouds
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 3. Ebert M.; Worringen A.; Benker N.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011During an intensive campaign at the high alpine research station Jungfraujoch, Switzerland, in February/March 2006 ice particle residuals within mixed-phase clouds were sampled using the Ice-counterflow virtual impactor (Ice-CVI). Size, morphology, chemical composition, mineralogy and mixing state of the ice residual and the interstitial (i.e., non-activated) aerosol particles were analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Ice nuclei (IN) were identified from the significant enrichment of particle groups in the ice residual (IR) samples relative to the interstitial aerosol. In ...
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Available online: http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-2805-2011
M. Ebert ; A. Worringen ; N. Benker ; S. Mertes ; E. Weingartner ; S. Weinbruch
in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP) > Vol. 11. N° 3 [03/01/2011] . - p.2805-2816During an intensive campaign at the high alpine research station Jungfraujoch, Switzerland, in February/March 2006 ice particle residuals within mixed-phase clouds were sampled using the Ice-counterflow virtual impactor (Ice-CVI). Size, morphology, chemical composition, mineralogy and mixing state of the ice residual and the interstitial (i.e., non-activated) aerosol particles were analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Ice nuclei (IN) were identified from the significant enrichment of particle groups in the ice residual (IR) samples relative to the interstitial aerosol. In terms of number lead-bearing particles are enriched by a factor of approximately 25, complex internal mixtures with silicates or metal oxides as major components by a factor of 11, and mixtures of secondary aerosol and carbonaceous material (C-O-S particles) by a factor of 2. Other particle groups (sulfates, sea salt, Ca-rich particles, external silicates) observed in the ice-residual samples cannot be assigned unambiguously as IN. Between 9 and 24% of all IR are Pb-bearing particles. Pb was found as major component in around 10% of these particles (PbO, PbCl2). In the other particles, Pb was found as some 100 nm sized agglomerates consisting of 3–8 nm sized primary particles (PbS, elemental Pb). C-O-S particles are present in the IR at an abundance of 17–27%. The soot component within these particles is strongly aged. Complex internal mixtures occur in the IR at an abundance of 9–15%. Most IN identified at the Jungfraujoch station are internal mixtures containing anthropogenic components (either as main or minor constituent), and it is concluded that admixture of the anthropogenic component is responsible for the increased IN efficiency within mixed phase clouds. The mixing state appears to be a key parameter for the ice nucleation behaviour that cannot be predicted from the sole knowledge of the main component of an individual particle.
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Aerosols ; Atmosphere ; Glaciology ; Cloud ; Observations ; Air pollution ; Alps, the ; Region VI - Europe
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Regional climate change and adaptation : the Alps facing the challenge of changing water resources
EEA, 2009Drawing on the most recent knowledge of climate change impacts in the Alps and experiences across the region, this report analyses the risks that climate change presents to the region's water supply and quality, identifying needs, constraints, opportunities, policy levers and options for adaptation. It extracts policy guidance on adaptation practice and aims to assist regional and local stakeholders in developing robust adaptation strategies. The focus of the report is on water resources and related adaptation, rather than water-related extreme events like floods, avalanches, landslides or mud ...
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Available online: http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/alps-climate-change-and-adaptation-2009
Published by: EEA ; 2009
Drawing on the most recent knowledge of climate change impacts in the Alps and experiences across the region, this report analyses the risks that climate change presents to the region's water supply and quality, identifying needs, constraints, opportunities, policy levers and options for adaptation. It extracts policy guidance on adaptation practice and aims to assist regional and local stakeholders in developing robust adaptation strategies. The focus of the report is on water resources and related adaptation, rather than water-related extreme events like floods, avalanches, landslides or mudflows, which are already well covered by existing studies of climate change impacts in the Alps.
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free) (ill., charts, maps)Tags: Water ; Climate change ; Melting Ice ; Flood ; Avalanche ; Landslide ; Mudflow ; Alps, the ; Region VI - Europe ; European Union
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26th International Conference on Alpine Meteorology : In Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik (ZAMG) - ZAMG, 2000
26th International Conference on Alpine Meteorology: In Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik
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World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik (Wien, Österreich)
Published by: ZAMG ; 2000Language(s): English
Format: Hard copyTags: Weather ; Meteorology ; Alps, the ; Western Europe
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C.I.M.A. '88 - 20° Congresso Internazionale di Meteorologia Alpina : Vol. 1 = 20th International Conference on Alpine Meteorology
Other titles:
- 20th International Conference on Alpine Meteorology
Servizio meteorologico italiano (Italy)
Event: 20° Congresso Internazionale di Meteorologia Alpina (18-25 Sept 1988; Sestola, Italia)
Published by: Università degli studi di Roma "La sapienza" ; 1990Language(s): English, Italian, French
Format: Digital (Available online for logged-in users), Hard copy (ill.)Tags: Alps, the ; Meteorology
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GARP Publications Series, 27. Scientific results of the Alpine Experiment (ALPEX): scientific papers presented at the Conference - Volume I
International Council for Science (ICSU); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 1986 (WMO/TD-No. 108)
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GARP Publications Series, 27. Scientific results of the Alpine Experiment (ALPEX): report of the workshop - Volume II
International Council for Science (ICSU); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 1986 (WMO/TD-No. 108)
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GARP-ALPEX, 05. MED-ALPEX: oceanographic contribution to ALPEX, experiment design
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 1982
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GARP-ALPEX, 04. ALPEX: data management plan
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) - WMO, 1982
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GARP-ALPEX, 03. ALPEX: operation centre plan
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) - WMO, 1982
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GARP-ALPEX, 02. ALPEX: flight programme
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) - WMO, 1982
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