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Analysis inter decadal of climate variability facing projections of the CMIP5 models and its involvement in the agricultural production of Venezuela
Agriculture is the largest employer in the world and is probably the most dependent on the climate of all human activities. In recent years there have been events that have put in evidence the vulnerability of global food security to major meteorological phenomena, both in global agricultural markets and the world economy. The food price crisis and the subsequent economic crisis reduced the purchasing power of large segments of the population in many developing countries, which seriously reduced their access to food and thus undermined their food security. During the years 2009 and 2010 in Ven ...
Analysis inter decadal of climate variability facing projections of the CMIP5 models and its involvement in the agricultural production of Venezuela
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Published by: Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology ; 2017
Agriculture is the largest employer in the world and is probably the most dependent on the climate of all human activities. In recent years there have been events that have put in evidence the vulnerability of global food security to major meteorological phenomena, both in global agricultural markets and the world economy. The food price crisis and the subsequent economic crisis reduced the purchasing power of large segments of the population in many developing countries, which seriously reduced their access to food and thus undermined their food security. During the years 2009 and 2010 in Venezuela there were strong weather anomalies, drought in the first case and the second extreme rains, caused mainly by the effect of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event, with warm phase (El Niño) in 2009 and cold phase (La Niña) in 2010, affecting farming, mostly in Monagas, Anzoátegui and Guárico States negatively influencing its economy. The planning of agricultural production based on the use of agricultural information, as calendars of sowing, as well as the monitoring of the conditions during the crop cycle and the use of agrometeorological forecasting, then is of great importance for the development of the agricultural sector, because it minimizes the effects on food production which might be affected by climate variability, making it less vulnerable. Model results confirm the importance of known key physiological processes, such as the shortening of the time to maturity of a crop with increasing mean temperature, decline in grain set when high temperatures occur during flowering, and increased water stress at high temperatures throughout the growing cycle. Temperature responses are generally well understood for temperatures up to the optimum temperature for crop development. The impacts of prolonged periods of temperatures beyond the optimum for development are not as well understood. For this study the agro meteorological stations selected have daily records of all climatic elements, so it held a summary monthly apart from daily data (with prior quality control) for the accumulated monthly rainfall and temperature maximum and minimum for the 1971-2010 series. Therefore, Inter decadal rainfall and temperature analysis and the use of the cropwat 8.0 to model future scenarios can be estimated water requirements of main crops, allowing some adaptation measures to help mitigate the effects of climate change in the country's agricultural production. In selected stations were determined significant changes on ETc when the temperature increase and the availability of water is a key factor to reach the harvest. Adaptation measurements involve reducing risk and vulnerability; for developing countries rely heavily on climate-dependent agriculture and especially in conjunction with poverty and rapid increase in population they are vulnerable to climate change.
Notes: If you wish to download the full text, please contact the author (leilacudemus(at)hotmail.com) or library(at)wmo.int (Please replace (at) by @).
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Climatic variation ; Agroclimatology ; Water management ; Climate model ; Climate change ; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of ; Thesis - WMO Fellowship Division
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América del sur: una visión regional de la situación de riesgo de desastres
This document addresses the regional disaster risk situation in South America which is an issue of growing concern for governments of the region and for its people. There have been major efforts at national levels and this document aims to complement this effort with a regional perspective from the Regional Office for the Americas for the United Nations for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR), as part of a joint project with the Department of Aid Humanitarian and Civil Protection. (ECHO) "South America: A regional view of disaster risk" is the first document of this kind that focuses exclusively ...
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Available online: http://dipecholac.net/docs/files/735-vision-regional-de-la-situacion-de-riesgo-d [...]
Marion Khamis ; Claudio Osorio ; Comisión Europea ; Oficina de las Naciones Unidas para la Reducción del Riesgo de Desastres
Published by: Comisión Europea ; 2013This document addresses the regional disaster risk situation in South America which is an issue of growing concern for governments of the region and for its people. There have been major efforts at national levels and this document aims to complement this effort with a regional perspective from the Regional Office for the Americas for the United Nations for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR), as part of a joint project with the Department of Aid Humanitarian and Civil Protection. (ECHO) "South America: A regional view of disaster risk" is the first document of this kind that focuses exclusively on this region. It builds on a series of consultations, diagnostic evaluations and reference documents that exist on the situation of risk and risk management on the continent. It is geared towards national authorities including sectoral ministries, the international community, civil society and NGOs, academia, other International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) partners and all interested parties in disaster risk reduction and disaster risk management.
Language(s): Spanish
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Natural hazards ; Disaster Risk Management (DRM) ; Capacity development ; Region III - South America ; Argentina ; Bolivia, Plurinacional State of ; Brazil ; Chile ; Colombia ; Ecuador ; Paraguay ; Peru ; Uruguay ; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
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Climate vulnerability monitor
DARA, 2012The Climate Vulnerability Monitor 2nd Edition reveals that climate change has already held back global development and inaction is a leading global cause of death. Harm is most acute for poor and vulnerable groups but no country is spared either the costs of inaction or the benefits of an alternative path.
Commissioned by the world’s most vulnerable countries and backed by high-level and technical panels, the new Monitor estimates human and economic impacts of climate change and the carbon economy for 184 countries in 2010 and 2030, across 34 indicators.
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Available online: http://daraint.org/climate-vulnerability-monitor/climate-vulnerability-monitor-2 [...]
Published by: DARA ; 2012 (2nd ed.)
The Climate Vulnerability Monitor 2nd Edition reveals that climate change has already held back global development and inaction is a leading global cause of death. Harm is most acute for poor and vulnerable groups but no country is spared either the costs of inaction or the benefits of an alternative path.
Commissioned by the world’s most vulnerable countries and backed by high-level and technical panels, the new Monitor estimates human and economic impacts of climate change and the carbon economy for 184 countries in 2010 and 2030, across 34 indicators.Notes: Pdf version [35Mb] available here
Language(s): English
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Documento de país DIPECHO, Venezuela 2012
República de Venezuela, 2012Este documento país de Venezuela representa un esfuerzo de colaboración entre los socios DIPECHO en el país y las autoridades nacionales para proporcionar un documento país para la Reducción del Riesgo de Desastres (RRD). Tiene como objetivo no sólo orientar la financiación ECHO / DIPECHO como los documentos país anteriores, sino proporcionar un enfoque más holístico de la RRD a nivel de los países.
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Available online: http://www.preventionweb.net/files/30761_vendocumentopas2012.pdf
Published by: República de Venezuela ; 2012
Este documento país de Venezuela representa un esfuerzo de colaboración entre los socios DIPECHO en el país y las autoridades nacionales para proporcionar un documento país para la Reducción del Riesgo de Desastres (RRD). Tiene como objetivo no sólo orientar la financiación ECHO / DIPECHO como los documentos país anteriores, sino proporcionar un enfoque más holístico de la RRD a nivel de los países.
Language(s): Spanish
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Natural hazards ; Disaster Risk Management (DRM) ; Capacity development ; Hazard risk assessment or analysis ; Region III - South America ; Region IV - North America, Central America and the Caribbean ; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
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Analysis of number size distributions of tropical free tropospheric aerosol particles observed at Pico Espejo (4765 m a.s.l.), Venezuela
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 7. Schmeissner T.; Krejci R.; Ström J.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011The first long-term measurements of aerosol number and size distributions in South-American tropical free troposphere (FT) were performed from March 2007 until March 2009. The measurements took place at the high altitude Atmospheric Research Station Alexander von Humboldt. The station is located on top of the Sierra Nevada mountain ridge at 4765 m a.s.l. nearby the city of Mérida, Venezuela. Aerosol size distribution and number concentration data was obtained with a custom-built Differential Mobility Particle Sizer (DMPS) system and a Condensational Particle Counter (CPC). The analysis of the ...
[article]Analysis of number size distributions of tropical free tropospheric aerosol particles observed at Pico Espejo (4765 m a.s.l.), Venezuela
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Available online: http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-3319-2011
T. Schmeissner ; R. Krejci ; J. Ström ; W. Birmili ; A. Wiedensohler ; G. Hochschild ; J. Gross ; P. Hoffmann ; S. Calderon
in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP) > Vol. 11. N° 7 [04/01/2011] . - p.3319-3332The first long-term measurements of aerosol number and size distributions in South-American tropical free troposphere (FT) were performed from March 2007 until March 2009. The measurements took place at the high altitude Atmospheric Research Station Alexander von Humboldt. The station is located on top of the Sierra Nevada mountain ridge at 4765 m a.s.l. nearby the city of Mérida, Venezuela. Aerosol size distribution and number concentration data was obtained with a custom-built Differential Mobility Particle Sizer (DMPS) system and a Condensational Particle Counter (CPC). The analysis of the annual and diurnal variability of the tropical FT aerosol focused mainly on possible links to the atmospheric general circulation in the tropics. Considerable annual and diurnal cycles of the particle number concentration were observed. Highest total particle number concentrations were measured during the dry season (January–March, 519 ± 613 cm−3), lowest during the wet season (July–September, 318 ± 194 cm−3). The more humid FT (relative humidity (RH) range 50–95 %) contained generally higher aerosol particle number concentrations (573 ± 768 cm−3 during dry season, 320 ± 195 cm−3 during wet season) than the dry FT (RH < 50 %, 454 ± 332 cm−3 during dry season, 275 ± 172 cm−3 during wet season), indicating the importance of convection for aerosol distributions in the tropical FT. The diurnal cycle in the variability of the particle number concentration was mainly driven by local orography.
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Aerosols ; Observations ; Troposphere ; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
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Statement on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Meteorological Service of the Venezuelan Air Force
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Alocución pronunciada con motivo del 50° aniversario del servicio de meteorología de las fuerzas aéreas de Venezuela
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