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[number or issue]Published by: OMM ; 2016
Language(s): French
Format: Digital (Free), Hard copyTags: Extreme weather event ; Climate change
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The Global Climate in 2011–2015
This report describes the evolution of the climate system during the period 2011–2015. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has assessed this five-year period in order to contribute to a better understanding of multiyear warming trends and extreme events that can help governments to implement the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change more effectively.
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Available online: Full text
Published by: WMO ; 2016
This report describes the evolution of the climate system during the period 2011–2015. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has assessed this five-year period in order to contribute to a better understanding of multiyear warming trends and extreme events that can help governments to implement the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change more effectively.
Collection(s) and Series: WMO- No. 1179
Language(s): English; Other Languages: French, Spanish, Arabic
Format: Digital (Free)ISBN (or other code): 978-92-63-11179-1
Tags: Climate monitoring ; Extreme weather event
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Diagnosis Of Extreme Rainfall And Temperature Event Over Rwanda (1961-2010)
This study attempted to investigate the variability of extreme rainfall and temperature over Rwanda and the associated circulation anomalies forecasting on wet and dry rainfall events between 1961 and 2010. The datasets used to achieve the objectives includes Temperature, the rainfall dataset, wind vector, pressure vertical velocity (omega) and the Indian Ocean sea surface temperature (SST). The methods used include correlation analysis, Standardized anomaly, composite analysis, and Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) analysis. The results show that the mean annual cycle depict two rainy Seas ...
Published by: Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology ; 2016
This study attempted to investigate the variability of extreme rainfall and temperature over Rwanda and the associated circulation anomalies forecasting on wet and dry rainfall events between 1961 and 2010. The datasets used to achieve the objectives includes Temperature, the rainfall dataset, wind vector, pressure vertical velocity (omega) and the Indian Ocean sea surface temperature (SST). The methods used include correlation analysis, Standardized anomaly, composite analysis, and Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) analysis. The results show that the mean annual cycle depict two rainy Season in the courses of the year. The first rainy season runs from March – May (MAM) with the highest precipitation in April and second rainy season from September to November (SON), which has recorded the highest precipitation in November. The spatial distribution of monthly precipitation from January to December similarly show that the rainy season runs from March- May (MAM) received the highest precipitation in the region compared to September-November (SON). Results further show that the years with standardized deviation of +1 or more (wet years) including ,MAM and SON respectively, 1961,1963,1970,1981,1994,1998,2001,2004,2006 and 2009 whereas floods years. And for standardized deviation of -1 or less (dry years) includes 1979, 1984, 1993,2000,2001,2007 and 2010 considered as droughts years. The circulation anomalies associated with wet and dry years studied over these identified years revealed that in Rwanda, the equatorial wind climatology is deeply modified by the relief at a varied altitude.
Forecasters would make Rwanda climate more predictable. Strategies that integrate land and water management, and disaster risk reduction, within a framework of emerging climate change risks would bolster resilient development in the face of impacts of the new set of climate in Rwanda.Notes: If you wish to download the full text, please contact the author (ujacquie(at)yahoo.fr) or library(at)wmo.int (Please replace (at) by @).
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Available online for logged-in users)Tags: Extreme weather event ; Precipitation ; Extreme temperature ; Research ; Rwanda ; Thesis - WMO Fellowship Division ; Circulation anomaly pattern ; Wet and dry event ; Extreme Rainfall
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The Sahel Drought Mechanism: insights from two contrasting extreme events
The Sahel drought mechanism: insights from two contrasting extreme events during boreal summer July-August-September (JAS) is investigated in this study using the standardized precipitation index (SPI). Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and composite analyses were deployed in this study, where the global precipitation climatology center (GPCC) rainfall data is used. The SPI shows large widespread decreasing rainfall trend in the Sahel in the mid-1980s; thereafter, Sahel rainfall have recovered somewhat through the late 1990s, even though the drought conditions have not ended in the region. A ...
Published by: Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology ; 2016
The Sahel drought mechanism: insights from two contrasting extreme events during boreal summer July-August-September (JAS) is investigated in this study using the standardized precipitation index (SPI). Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and composite analyses were deployed in this study, where the global precipitation climatology center (GPCC) rainfall data is used. The SPI shows large widespread decreasing rainfall trend in the Sahel in the mid-1980s; thereafter, Sahel rainfall have recovered somewhat through the late 1990s, even though the drought conditions have not ended in the region. Although the region is still yet to fully recover from the early 1980s devastating droughts, but in recent decades the Sahel is not as dry as it used to be in the 1980s. An EOF analysis of Atlantic and Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures (SSTs), SPI reveal a fairly linear trend resulting from trends in SSTs and precipitation induced mode of inter-annual variations as the two leading patterns, respectively. Our results from analysis of the two Oceans’ SSTs refute the conclusion of earlier studies that southward shift of tropical Atlantic SSTs, and steady warming in the Indian Ocean which enhances subsidence over the Sahel through Ross-by waves caused the severe Sahel drought. The results of this study may only be useful in this context and should not imply that SSTs variability in the Atlantic and Indian Ocean solely explains rainfall variability over the Sahel, but rather that the combined SST forcing can, at least in certain years, be an important driving force of Sahel rainfall variability. Composite analyses show that the Sahel drought is usually accompanied by easterly winds, and moisture transport from the continent into the Atlantic Ocean.
Notes: If you wish to download the full text, please contact the author (laiandulicsay(at)yahoo.com) or library(at)wmo.int (Please replace (at) by @).
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Available online for logged-in users)Tags: Drought ; Extreme weather event ; Sahel ; West Africa ; Region I - Africa ; Thesis - WMO Fellowship Division ; Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)
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المناخ العالمي في 2015–2011
في توحید أفضل المعلومات المناخیة المتاحة من المرافق الوطنیة للأرصاد الجوية والهیدرولوجیا في بیانات سنوية عن حالة المناخ العالمي. وفي عام 2013 ، أصدرت المنظمة ( WMO ) ملخصاً عقدياً عن المناخ غطى الفترة 2001 - 2010 . ومنذ عام 2006 ، أنتجت المنظمة WMO) ) أيضاً نشرات سنوية عن غازات الاحتباس الحراري تقدّم إفادة عن تركیزات غازات الاحتباس الحراري في الغلاف الجوي التي تدفع إلى تغیر المناخ. ولقد كانت التأثیرات المبكرة لتغیر المناخ واضحة باستمرار على النطاق العالمي منذ ثمانینیات القرن الماضي، وهي: زيادة درجة حرارة العالم على الیابسة وفي سطح وأعماق المحیطات، وارتفاع مستوى سطح البحر، وانصهار طبقات الجلید ...
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Published by: المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد ; 2016
في توحید أفضل المعلومات المناخیة المتاحة من المرافق الوطنیة للأرصاد الجوية والهیدرولوجیا في بیانات سنوية عن حالة المناخ العالمي. وفي عام 2013 ، أصدرت المنظمة ( WMO ) ملخصاً عقدياً عن المناخ غطى الفترة 2001 - 2010 . ومنذ عام 2006 ، أنتجت المنظمة WMO) ) أيضاً نشرات سنوية عن غازات الاحتباس الحراري تقدّم إفادة عن تركیزات غازات الاحتباس الحراري في الغلاف الجوي التي تدفع إلى تغیر المناخ. ولقد كانت التأثیرات المبكرة لتغیر المناخ واضحة باستمرار على النطاق العالمي منذ ثمانینیات القرن الماضي، وهي: زيادة درجة حرارة العالم على الیابسة وفي سطح وأعماق المحیطات، وارتفاع مستوى سطح البحر، وانصهار طبقات الجلید على نطاق واسع (باستثناء المحیط الجنوبي، مما يثیر الدهشة). وإضافة إلى ذلك، كان تأثیر تغیر المناخ على الحیاة الیومیة للناس واضحاً بسبب تضاعف واشتداد الظواهر المتطرفة، بدءاً من موجات الحر وسقوط الأمطار بمعدلات قیاسیة إلى حدوث فیضانات مدمرة.
Collection(s) and Series: مجموعة مطبوعات المنظمة- No. 1179
Language(s): Arabic; Other Languages: English, French, Spanish
Format: Digital (Free)ISBN (or other code): 978-92-63-61179-6
Tags: Climate monitoring ; Extreme weather event
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Estado del clima mundial en 2011–2015
El presente informe describe la evolución del sistema climático durante el período comprendido entre 2011 y 2015. La Organización Meteorológica Mundial (OMM) ha evaluado este período de cinco años con el fin de contribuir a comprender mejor las tendencias plurianuales al calentamiento y los fenómenos extremos que pueden ayudar a los gobiernos a aplicar con mayor eficacia la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático. Esto se aplica en particular al Acuerdo de París de 2015, que proporciona a la comunidad mundial una oportunidad histórica para actuar con más urgencia en l ...
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Le climat mondial 2011–2015
Le présent rapport décrit l’évolution du système climatique entre 2011 et 2015. L’Organisation météorologique mondiale (OMM) a analysé ces cinq années afin de mieux comprendre le réchauffement constaté sur cette période, ainsi que les phénomènes extrêmes et, par là même, aider les gouvernements à mettre en oeuvre de manière plus efficace la Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques (CCNUCC), et en particulier l’Accord de Paris. Adopté en 2015, ce dernier représente, pour la communauté internationale, une occasion sans précédent d’accélérer les efforts visant à limiter ...
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Vol. 63(2) - 2014 - Tiempo y clima - Conocimiento de los riesgos y preparación frente a la variabilidad y los extremos
is an issue of Boletín. Organización Meteorológica Mundial (OMM); Organización Meteorológica Mundial (OMM) - OMM, 2015
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Vol. 63(2) - 2014 - Météo et climat: comprendre les risques et préparer les variations et les extrêmes
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Extreme weather and resilience of the global food system
This report examines the resilience of the global food system to extreme weather.
This summary is built on three detailed reports and presents evidence that the global food system is vulnerable to production shocks caused by extreme weather, and that this risk is growing. It highlights evidence that our reliance on increasing volumes of global trade, whilst having many benefits, also creates structural vulnerability via a liability to amplify production shocks in some circumstances. It argues that action is needed to improve the resilience of the global food system to weather-re ...
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Seamless prediction of the Earth system : from minutes to months
This book collects together White Papers that have been written to describe the state of the science and to discuss the major challenges for making further advances. The authors of each chapter have attempted to draw together key aspects of the science that was presented at WWOSC-2014. The overarching theme of this book and of WWOSC-2014 is “Seamless Prediction of the Earth System: from minutes to months”. The book is structured with chapters that address topics regarding: Observations and Data Assimilation; Predictability and Processes; Numerical Prediction of the Earth System; Weather-relate ...
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WMO Guidelines on Multi-hazard Impact-based Forecast and Warning Services
Improving the understanding of the potential impacts of severe hydrometeorological events poses a challenge to NMHSs and their partner agencies, particularly disaster reduction and civil protection agencies (DRCPAs). These Guidelines establish a road map that identifies the various milestones from weather forecasts and warnings to multi-hazard impact-based forecast and warning services.
For completeness, these Guidelines also describe the ultimate step of forecasting actual impacts, although it is recognized that this is a highly sophisticated exercise, requiring strong collaboration w ...
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The Climate in Africa: 2013
In Africa in 2013, the critical weather and climate trends of the last decades continued: it was one of the warmest years on the continent since at least 1950, with temperatures above average in most regions. Precipitation at the continental scale was near average. But several extreme events hit the region. The floods that hit Mozambique in January were among the 10 most severe in the world that year, based on the number of deaths. In contrast, the rains in Namibia and neighboring countries fell well below normal, leading to a severe drought.
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Directives de l’OMM sur les services de prévision et d’alerte multidanger axées sur les impacts
Mieux comprendre les incidences potentielles des phenomenes hydrometeorologiques violents represente un defi pour les SMHN et leurs partenaires, notamment les organismes de protection civile et de prevention des catastrophes. A cette fin, les presentes directives repertorient les diverses etapes a suivre, depuis l’elaboration de previsions et d’alertes meteorologiques jusqu’a la prestation de services de prevision et d’alerte multidanger axees sur les impacts.
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