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Sea-ice Information and Services
This document contains a summarized history of sea-ice information services, as well as a description of the various types of sea ice, the ice observing methods currently being used, and the types of ice information services currently being provided. The sea-ice information services of 17 countries according to region, including information about organization, data acquisition, products and forecasts, publications and contact details, will be available soon on the WMO community website.
CESM Distance Learning Course
The Community Earth System Model (CESM) is a fully-coupled, community, global climate model that provides state-of-the-art computer simulations of the Earth's past, present, and future climate states. The CESM Distance Learning Course is based on the CESM Tutorial held annually at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado. This course consists of 12 lectures and 4 practical sessions on simulating the climate system and practical sessions on running Community Earth System Model (CESM), modifying components, and analyzing data. The course is targeted at the graduat ...
SatFC-J: The AMSR2 Microwave Imager
This short lesson describes the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) on board the next-generation polar-orbiting satellite platforms. AMSR2’s primary mission is to improve scientists’ understanding of climate by providing estimates of precipitation, water vapor, cloud water, wind velocity, sea surface temperature, sea ice concentration, snow depth, and soil moisture. AMSR2 also advances weather forecasting through real-time imagery, value-added products, and input to numerical weather prediction. This lesson is part of the Satellite Foundational Course for JPSS (SatFC-J).
Operational Environmental Monitoring Applications using the Community Satellite Processing Package (CSPP)
This resource demonstrates the variety of satellite imagery and products accessible through the Community Satellite Processing Package (CSPP). Two videos, the first focused on imagery applications and the second on microwave applications, provide an overview of the types of weather and environmental information available through CSPP. Using CSPP, forecasters and others needing timely access to data can download and display imagery and products from Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) instruments. The resource provides some background information for obtaining and using the CSPP software, which ...
Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 1: Climate Variability and Change
Climate is changing at unprecedented rates in recorded history. A variety of lines of evidence demonstrate that climate change is likely to affect the hydrologic cycle and thus create new challenges in water management. This requires that climate change information be included in water and water-related resources planning, operations, and management. Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 1: Climate Variability and Change describes the terminology, global evidence, regional manifestations, and basic science of global climate variability and anthropogenic change, with a focus on water res ...
Forecasters' Overview of the Mediterranean and Europe
This module provides an introduction to the European continent and the Mediterranean and Black Sea areas for weather forecasters. It focuses on geography, climatology, oceanography, major aspects of the synoptic and mesoscale weather patterns, and hazards to aviation and maritime operations. Geography covers major political boundaries, cities, ports, topographical features, rivers, and volcanic areas. Climatology covers the seasonal climatology of jet stream, synoptic weather systems, extratropical cyclones, and high winds and seas. Oceanography includes major bathymetric features; mean sea su ...
Climate Variability and Change for Water Resources Management - International Edition
Climate is changing at unprecedented rates in recorded history. A variety of lines of evidence demonstrate that climate change is likely to affect the hydrologic cycle and thus create new challenges in water management. This requires that climate change information be included in water and water-related resources planning, operations, and management. Climate Variability and Change for Water Resources Management - International Edition describes the terminology, global evidence, regional manifestations, and basic science of global climate variability and anthropogenic change, with a focus on wa ...
Sea Level Change: Basics
This lesson describes the physical processes, both natural and human-induced, that lead to changes in sea level. The processes described include climate induced changes in ocean heat content and volume, natural oceanic cycles, and both natural and human-induced changes in coastal land elevation. The learning is enhanced with rich graphics and periodic questions.
Microwave Remote Sensing: Land and Ocean Surface Applications, 2nd Edition
This lesson introduces the concepts and principles basic to retrieving important land and ocean surface properties using microwave remote sensing observations from polar-orbiting satellites. Section one reviews the advantages of microwave remote sensing from polar-orbiting platforms and briefly highlights some of the unique spectral characteristics that allow for differentiation between various surface types and properties. Subsequent sections present a more in-depth look at the derivation and application of microwave products that quantify four different land and ocean surface properties and ...
Ship-based Sea and Lake Ice Observing
Ships operating in areas with ice are expected to report conditions as part of standard weather reporting procedures. This lesson is aimed at those tasked with this responsibility, be they official or informal observers. The lesson begins with background information on ice, addressing such topics as where it is found, how it develops, and how to observe and report it. This sets the stage for the lesson’s scenarios, which simulate the experience of being an ice observer in four situations: on the U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Healy operating in the Arctic Ocean, on a container ship transiting the Nor ...
Weather Observing Fundamentals
"Weather Observing Fundamentals" provides guidance for U.S. Navy Aerographer's Mates, Quartermasters, and civilian observers tasked with taking and reporting routine, special, and synoptic observations. Although the focus of this lesson is on shipboard observations, much of the content applies to land-based observing and reporting as well. The lesson details standard procedures for taking accurate weather observations and for encoding those observations on COMNAVMETOCCOM Report 3141/3. Exercises throughout the lesson and four weather identification drills at the end provide learners with oppor ...
WMO Sea-Ice Nomenclature : Nomenclature OMM des glaces de mer; Номенклатура вмо по морскому льду; Nomenclatura de la OMM del hielo marino
Organización Meteorológica Mundial (OMM); Всемирная Метеорологическая Организация (BMO) - WMO, 2014 (WMO-No. 259)This document provides snapshot of the WMO Sea Ice Nomenclature (WMO No. 259, volume 1 – Terminology and Codes, Volume II – Illustrated Glossary and III – International System of Sea-Ice Symbols) by March 2014 (5th Session of JCOMM Expert Team on Sea Ice)
Microwave Remote Sensing: Overview, 2nd Edition
This module presents an overview of space-based microwave remote sensing for environmental applications with a focus on meteorological applications. It delivers basic information on polar-orbiting satellite characteristics, current microwave instruments, and the products they provide. Special attention is given to the newer capabilities of the U.S.’s Suomi NPP (National Polar-orbiting Partnership) and future JPSS (Joint Polar Satellite System) satellites with additional information included for those missions being operated by international partners. This module also serves as an introduction ...
Arctic Meteorology and Oceanography
Diminishing sea ice has opened the Arctic to navigation and operations like never before. Forecasters are increasingly predicting weather in support of those operations. This module is intended to provide forecasters with a brief introduction to the Arctic, including its geography, climatology, and the forecast problems they are likely to encounter. The module follows a U.S. Coast Guard Cutter on a voyage from Dutch Harbor, in the Aleutian Islands, to Barrow, on the north coast of Alaska. Various topics are addressed along the way in a series of short, stand-alone lessons.
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Arctic Report Card 2012
ssued annually since 2006, the Arctic Report Card (hereafter the Report Card) is a timely and peer-reviewed source for clear, reliable and concise environmental information on the current state of the Arctic relative to historical records. The Report Card is intended for a wide audience, including scientists, teachers, students, decision-makers and the general public interested in the Arctic environment and science.
Comprising 20 essays on different topics in the physical and biological sciences, the Report Card is organized into five sections: Atmosphere; Sea Ice & Ocean; Marin ...
JCOMM Technical Report, 56. JCOMM Expert Team on Sea Ice (ETSI): 3rd Ice Analysts’ Workshop
Ice (ETSI), Dr. Vasily Smolyanitsky (Russian Federation), at 0900 hrs on Tuesday 18 June 2011 at the Danish Meteorological Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark. Dr. Smolyanitsky noted that the Ice Analysts’ Workshops are endorsed by both JCOMM and the International Ice Charting Working Group (IICWG) as being a valuable forum to share knowledge and coordinate ice information services throughout the world. Recognizing the increasing navigation that is taking place in the Arctic, five new METAREAs were created 3 years ago to ensure that Marine Safety Information (MSI) through the Global Global Maritime ...
CAWCR technical report, 40. Comparison of techniques for the calibration of coupled model forecasts of Murray Darling Basin seasonal mean rainfall
Charles Andrew; Hendon Harry H.; Wang Q.J.; et al. - Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, 2011Ensemble forecasts of South Eastern Australian rainfall from POAMA 1.5, a coupled oceanatmosphere dynamical model based seasonal prediction system run experimentally at the Bureau of Meteorology, tend to be under dispersed leading to overconfident probability forecasts. The poor reliability of seasonal forecasts based on dynamical coupled models is a barrier to their adoption as official outlooks by the Bureau of Meteorology. One approach to correcting this problem is model calibration, in which the probability distribution produced by the model is adjusted in light of available information ab ...
Sea Ice and Products and Services of the National Ice Center
This two-hour module examines sea ice, icebergs, and the products and services of the National Ice Center and the North American Ice Service. Topics include climatology and current trends in sea ice extent and thickness; the development, classification, and drift of sea ice and icebergs; fractures, leads and polynyas; and the satellite detection of sea ice using visible, infrared, and microwave sensors.
Coastal Climate Change
As climate changes, dynamic coastal regions are experiencing a wide range of impacts. Sea levels, ocean acidification, sea surface temperatures, ocean heat, and ocean circulation have all been changing in ways unseen for thousands of years. Arctic sea ice melted significantly more during summers in the last 30 years, and storms are intensifying. Coastal ecosystems stand to be damaged, and coasts will likely erode from rising sea levels, intensified storm surges, and flooding that climate change may amplify. Coastal communities will need to prepare adaptation strategies to cope, and many who li ...
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An Arctic Sea Ice Simulation Using an Ocean-Ice Coupled Model
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, Volume 3 Number 4. Sun Hong-Chuan; Zhou Guang-Qing - Science Press, 2010This paper evaluates the simulation of Arctic sea ice states using an ocean-ice coupled model that employs LASG/IAP (the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics/ the Institute of Atmospheric Physics) Climate Ocean Model (LICOM) and the sea-ice model from the Bergen Climate Model (BCM). It is shown that the coupled model can reasonably reproduce the major characteristics of the mean state, annual cycle, and inter-annual variability of the Arctic sea ice concentration. The coupled model also shows biases that were generally pre-sented in ...
A Forecaster's Overview of the Northwest Pacific
This module provides an introduction to the northwest Pacific for weather forecasters. It touches on major aspects of the geography, oceanography, and climatology. Geography looks at plate tectonics, topography, and human population. Oceanography examines ocean currents, coastal tidal ranges, and sea ice distribution. Climatology briefly discusses jets streams, distribution of synoptic features, storm tracks of tropical and extratropical cyclones, the fronts, and sensible weather associated with the Northeast and Southwest Monsoons.
JCOMM Technical Report, 23. SIGRID-3 :a vector archive format for sea ice charts
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Ice Charting Working Group's Ad Hoc Format Team for the WMO Global Digital Sea Ice Data Bank Project - WMO, 2010 (revised edition; WMO/TD-No. 1214)This document describes the SIGRID-3 format so that it may be understood by a variety of users and implemented by chart-producing ice centers or services. SIGRID-3 evolved from earlier SIGRID formats and incorporates much of their content (see Appendix 1 for notes on earlier SIGRID formats and their application in SIGRID-3). For example, SIGRID variable identifiers such as “CT” for total concentration are used in SIGRID-3. While all SIGRID variable identifiers may be used in SIGRID-3, those that are commonly used are required, such as concentration, stage of development, and form. Users famili ...
Jason-2: Using Satellite Altimetry to Monitor the Ocean
Altimeters onboard satellites such as Jason-2 measure sea surface height and other characteristics of the ocean surface. These characteristics are linked to underlying processes and structures, making altimetry data useful for understanding the full depth of the global ocean. This 75-minute module explores major discoveries made possible by altimetry data in oceanography, marine meteorology, the marine geosciences, climate studies, the cryosphere, and hydrology. For example, altimeters have played a vital role in detecting and monitoring sea level rise and its relation to climate change. The m ...
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56 - November 2008 - Estimation of the Future Distribution of Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Using the CMIP3 Multi-model Ensemble Mean
is an issue of 気象研究所技術報告. Mizuta Ryo; Adachi Yukimasa; Yukimoto Seiji; et al. - Meteorological Research Institute, 2008
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 9/2003. Summary report of a Joint meeting of the International workshop on sea-ice extent and the global climate system and the Mini-conference on long-term variability of the Barents sea region
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2003
IACPO Informal Report, 07. Arctic Climate System Study, Climate and cryosphere - Recent variations in Arctic sea-ice thickness : report to the Arctic oceam sciences board
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); International Council for Science (ICSU) - WMO, 2002
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 6/2000. Summary report of an ACSYS Meeting on data and data management in support of sea-ice/ocean modelling
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2000
Arctic Climate System Study (ACSYS): joint report of the fourth session of the ACSYS Sea ICE/Ocean Modelling (SIOM) Panel and the ACSYS Workshop on Sea Ice Thickness Measurements and Data Analysis
Lemke P.; Colony R.; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2000 (WMO/TD-No. 991)
JCOMM Technical Report, 07. Proceedings of a Workshop on Mapping and Archiving of Sea Ice Data - the Expanding Role of Radar
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2000 (WMO/TD-No. 1027)
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 11/2000. Report of the first session of the ACSYS Numerical experimentation group
Lemke P.; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2000
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Arctic Climate System Study (ACSYS): proceedings of the Workshop on Sea-Ice Charts of the Arctic
World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 1999 (WMO/TD-No. 949)
Arctic Climate System Study (ACSYS) - Sea ice in the climate system
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); International Council for Science (ICSU) - WMO, 1997 (WMO/TD-No. 782)
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 5/1997. Report of the Third ACSYS sea-ice/ocean modelling workshop
Lemke P.; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 1997
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 1/1997. Report of the Second ACSYS sea-ice/ocean modelling workshop
Lemke P.; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 1997
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 12/1996. Report of the First ACSYS sea-ice/ocean modelling workshop
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 1996
WCRP, 65. Sea-ice and climate : report of the fifth session of the Working Group on Sea-Ice and Climate
World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 1992 (WMO/TD-No. 459)
WCRP, 62. World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) sea-ice and climate : report of a workshop on polar radiation fluxes and sea-ice modelling
Raschke Ehrhard; World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) - WMO, 1991 (WMO/TD-No. 442)
WCRP, 41. Sea-ice and climate : report of the fourth session of the Working Group on Sea-Ice and Climate
International Council for Science (ICSU); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 1990 (WMO/TD-No. 377)
WCRP, 45. Sea ice numerical experimentation group : report of the first session
International Council for Science (ICSU); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 1990 (WMO/TD-No. 384)
WCRP, 18. Sea ice and climate: report of the third session of the Working Group on Sea Ice and Climate
International Council for Science (ICSU); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 1988 (WMO/TD-No. 272)
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