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Strengthening urban resilience in Bangladesh
This brochure is part of a series highlighting the World Bank's achievements in disaster risk management initiatives. The brochure offers lessons learned on managing disaster risk and promoting urban resilience and it presents Bangladesh's path-breaking Urban Resilience Project, the product of a collaborative effort among the government, the World Bank, and GFDRR, which equips key government agencies with state-of-the art emergency management facilities and improves construction permitting processes.
Urban flooding of Greater Dhaka in a changing climate: building local resilience to disaster risk
World Bank, 2015This study’s overall aim is to provide local decision-makers an effective planning approach for minimizing the damage risk of rainfall-induced urban flooding in Dhaka in a changing climate. Specific objectives are to assess the vulnerability of the Greater Dhaka area to urban flooding and waterlogging, estimate probable economic damage due to climate change, develop structural adaptation measures, evaluate the reduction in economic damage resulting from implementing these measures, and estimate their cost.
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The (mis) allocation of public spending in a low income country : Evidence from disaster risk reduction spending in Bangladesh
This paper focuses on the regional allocation of public spending for disaster risk reduction (DRR) in Bangladesh.
The objective is to identify all of the directly observable determinants’ of publicly allocated and realized spending at the local government (sub-district) level. The Heckman two stage selection model is used with detailed public finance and other data from 483 sub-districts (upazilas) across the country. It is found that government does not respond to the sub-district’s risk exposure as a factor affecting the DRR financing mechanism. The DRR regional allocations do ...
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Climate finance and water security: Synthesis report
This synthesis report summarises research on how climate finance has been spent so far, and whether or not it has been spent on improving people’s water security.
The report highlights that the global community has committed to mobilise US $100 billion every year, from 2020 onwards. The study aims to identify the type and scale of national and subnational programmes and projects that have been funded by climate finance and how they relate to local water security. Findings are summarised from three case studies in Bangladesh, Ethiopia and Zambia.
There is a brief d ...
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Adaptation strategies after cyclone in southwest coastal Bangladesh, pro poor policy choices: In American Journal of Rural Development, Vol. 3, No. 2
This research paper explores the ‘atlas of the locally adopted strategies’ to cope with adverse effects of cyclone Aila in southwest coastal Bangladesh. Particularly, this research has explored the community level practices in agriculture, housing, water resources, communication and employment generations. An empirical survey was undertaken with 145 respondents by using semi-structured interviews with selected social groups and their households’ assistants. Besides face-to-face interviews, this survey applied group level qualitative assessment methods i.e. FGD (focus group discussion), Social ...
Assessing the costs of climate change and adaptation in South Asia
This report synthesizes the results of country and sector studies on the economic costs and benefits of unilateral and regional actions on climate change in ADB’s six South Asia developing members, namely Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. The study takes into account the different scenarios and impacts projected across vulnerable sectors and estimates the total economic loss throughout the 21st century and amount of funding required for adaptation measures to avert such potential losses. It is envisioned to strengthen decision-making capacities and improve understa ...
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Фотовыставка – «Одна планета. Одна цивилизация» Фильм Гаэла Дерива
Бюллетень, Том 61 (1). BMO, 2013Это жители Эфиопии, Непала, Кирибати, Бразилии, канадской территории Нунавут и Бангладеш. Их связывает то, что они живут на одной планете и принадлежат к одной цивилизации. У каждого из них свой неповторимый образ жизни, основанный на опыте существования в разных климатических зонах планеты, будь то экваториальная, полузасушливая, муссонная, горная, океаническая или полярная зона.
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The year of recurring disasters: a review of natural disasters in 2012
This report examines four topics: (i) disasters in 2012, with a focus on recurring disasters; (ii) the role of regional organizations in disaster risk management; (iii) wildfires; and (iv) the important role of women in disaster risk management. It highlights the value given by governments and other actors in working together to prevent disasters and, to a lesser extent, to respond to disasters occurring in the region. It also features the development of strong regional initiatives and different mechanisms for encouraging collaboration, including frameworks for disaster risk reduction, regiona ...
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Yes, we can: manage good practices for disaster risk reduction in Bangladesh
This paper argues that improving local communities’ resilience to natural hazards is a key to an efficient disaster risk management as local communities are on the front-lines of both the immediate impact of a disaster and the initial emergency response. Therefore the paper identifies the best practices from community-facilitated activities to those facilitated through NGOs. The project aims to improve local resilience, supporting communities to self-organize and be active agents for positive change.
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The geography of poverty, disasters and climate extremes in 2030
ODI, 2013This report examines the relationship between disasters and poverty. It concludes that, without concerted action, there could be up to 325 million extremely poor people living in the 49 countries most exposed to the full range of natural hazards and climate extremes in 2030. It maps out where the poorest people are likely to live and develops a range of scenarios to identify potential patterns of vulnerability to extreme weather and earthquakes – who is going to be vulnerable and why. These scenarios are dynamic: they consider how the threats may change, which countries face the greatest risk ...
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Agriculture and adaptation in Bangladesh: Current and projected impacts of climate change
The goal of this research was to examine the likely impacts of climate change on agriculture in Bangladesh, and develop recommendations to policymakers to help farmers adapt to the changes. A variety of research methods were used. When taken together, the results indicate that adaptation efforts in Bangladesh should include adjusting planting dates, using improved cultivars better suited for climate change, improving fertilizer application, exploring increased maize production, and bolstering flood and pest protection for farmers.
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Organizational and institutional issues in climate change adaptation and risk management
IFPRI, 2013This report explores the challenges and opportunities for building human, organizational, and institutional capacity for more effective climate change adaptation in developing countries. It particularly focuses on climate change issues related to the agriculture sector and rural livelihoods in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Mali.
The report is part of a larger research project titled “Enhancing women’s assets to manage risk under climate change: potential for group-based approaches,” which is being conducted to help organizations better understand ways in which development pr ...
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Report on school based awareness and simulation exercise in Dhaka and other locations
Ibne Habib; Khan Md.Muzahid; Catholic Organization for Relief and Development Aid (CORDAID) ; et al. - CMDRR Forum, 2013This document reports on four school based simulation programmes aimed at raising public awareness and developing capacity on disaster risk reduction (DRR) that were organized in Babugonj, Chittagong, Kurigram and Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh between February and April 2013. It concludes that simulation programmes create a good positive learning for the community in the management of pre, during and post disaster situation. It provides lessons learned and recommendations intended to help the agencies working with disaster risk reduction and these types of campaigning programmes.
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Feeding an urban world: a call to action
This report focuses on the specific issue of urban food security, describing the demographic and environmental trends as well as food production and infrastructure challenges that impact supply and demand for food in urban areas. Before providing specific examples of the food security challenges faced by cities around the world, the authors propose a framework, or matrix, of issues for policymakers to use in developing and assessing urban food security strategies. The report focuses on case studies in the United States before looking in depth at Chicago, highlighting the city’s challenges as w ...
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China and south-south scoping assessment for adaptation, learning and development
This report, produced by Adapting to Climate Change in China amongst others, identifies key opportunities and avenues for South-South learning and cooperation to address climate change, is a critical tool for international development organisations, national governments and policy-makers. It outlines how best to channel resources to share China's and developing countries' experiences of integrating climate adaptation into the development process, thereby facilitating developing countries’ improved adaptation, learning from each other and avoiding the risk of maladaptation to climate change. Th ...
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Business and disaster risk reduction: good practices and case studies
UN/ISDR, 2013This publication contains 14 good practices and case studies that have been compiled by the Private Sector Advisory Group of the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR). Each of the 14 examples applies one or more of the five essentials for business in their pursuit of disaster risk reduction. It presents the various types of collaboration and cooperation, core to the all five essentials, that are positioned as critical in minimizing or potentially eliminating disasters as well as disasters’ effects on people, property and ultimately, the health, economy and resilience of wo ...
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Adaptation or development? Exploring the distinctions (or lack thereof) through case studies in Bangladesh and Vietnam
Using Bangladesh and Vietnam as ‘adaptation project-dense’ contexts, this study explores how adaptation is understood, mainly by practitioners in development projects, but also by government staff, donors, researchers and others who are involved in implementing projects. The study outlines the following three key messages. 1) Differentiating between adaptation and development may be an artificial exercise, because in project implementation this difference is mostly considered insignificant; 2) Development is considered a ‘safer’ objective than adaptation, due to the lack of tools to assess suc ...
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Climate legislation study: a review of climate change legislation in 33 countries
CDKN, 2013This review of climate change legislation in 33 countries shows that developing countries are leading action on climate change. Overall, there has been significant progress in the climate and/or energy-related legislation of almost all major economies, but a great amount of the 2012 effort took place in emerging countries. In particular, among major economies Mexico and China are leading the action against climate change thanks to their recent steps to cut carbon emissions and raise energy efficiency. The study aims to support legislators advancing climate-related legislation by providing deta ...
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Policy Agenda for Addressing Climate Change in Bangladesh: Copenhagen and Beyond
In view of its vulnerability to climate change and resultant impacts on various sectors of the economy the present paper flags some important issues and priorities to be brought forward during the Copenhagen Conference and beyond. Following the introductory section, some of the evidences and scientific findings as regards climate change are presented in brief.
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One planet. One civilization: a film by Gaël Derive
Bulletin, Vol. 61(1). WMO, 2012People from Ethiopia, Nepal, Kiribati, Brazil, Nunavut and Bangladesh – their common link: they share the same planet and civilization.
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Where the rain falls: climate change, food and livelihood security, and migration
Warner Koko; CARE France ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN); et al. - UNU, 2012This report explores the interrelationships among rainfall variability, food and livelihood security, and human mobility in a diverse set of research sites in eight countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America. While climate change affects nearly all aspects of food security – from production and availability, to the stability of food supplies, access to food, and food utilization – the Rainfalls research focuses on linkages between shifting rainfall patterns and food production and the stability of food supplies.
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Long road to resilience: impact and cost-benefit analysis of community-based disaster risk reduction in Bangladesh
This report presents the activities to reduce disaster risk as implemented under the Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction (CBDRR) programme between 2005 and 2011 by the Bangladesh Red Crescent Society. It is structured in three sections: (i) Section A reviews the background of the programme and the evaluation; (ii) section B includes the key findings, relating to relevance, effectiveness, impact, efficiency and sustainability; and (iii) section C presents the implications of those findings.
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Fragile States 2013: Resource flows and trends in fragile states
By 2015, half of the world’s people living on less than USD 1.25 a day will be in fragile states. While poverty has decreased globally, progress on Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 1 is slower in fragile states than in other developing countries. Fragile states are also off-track to meet the rest of the MDGs by 2015.
Fragile situations became a central concern of the international development and security agenda in the 1990s. Since then, powerful forces have been influencing the causes and manifestations of fragility, including the combination of democratic aspirations, new te ...
Mainstreaming of DRR into GoB schemes on water and sanitation: gap analysis and way forward
ActionAid International (ActionAid); Concern Universal ; Islamic Relief Worldwide ; et al. - European Commission, 2012The outcome of this study suggests a framework for mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction (DRR) into existing and new schemes / programme of water and sanitation (WatSan) of government of Bangladesh (GoB). The study outcome also suggest various tools and guidelines to provide necessary practical support to responsible officials of GoB involved in planning, decision making, implementing, monitoring etc. to ensure DRR mainstreaming into WatSan.
Children’s action for disaster risk reduction: views from children in Asia
This publication provides children and youth in Asia a platform to report on progress made towards "the need to protect women, children and other vulnerable groups from the disproportionate impacts of disaster and to empower them to promote resiliency within their communities and workplaces" (as recognized in the declaration adopted in Incheon by the Asia Ministerial Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction in 2010) from their own point of view. Previous surveys conducted with children globally show that their views on local governance for disaster risk reduction often tend to be less positive th ...
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CGIAR Working paper, 19. Participatory gender-sensitive approaches for addressing key climate change-related research issues: evidence from Bangladesh, Ghana and Uganda
Chaudhury M.; Kristjanson Patty; Kyagazze Florence; et al. - Climate Change Agriculture Food Security, 2012The researchers investigated if and how farming practices are being modified to deal with a changing environment, and the constraints and opportunities these changes pose for both men and women. The field research covered three main research priorities for the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Climate Change (CCAFS), relating to the climate change, agricultural development and food security ‘nexus’: How to enable farmers, both men and women, to visit farms of the future, i.e. visit climate analogue sites; How to ensure equality in access and usage of seasonal weather fo ...
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Climate change, water stress, conflict and migration
UNESCO, 2012This collection of papers, presented at the symposium ‘Climate change, water stress, conflict and migration’ held on 21 September 2011 in the Netherlands, highlight how climate change, water stress and other environmental problems threaten human security. For example, the paper by Muniruzzaman ilustrates how water ignores political and community boundaries, and how decisions in one place can significantly affect water use elsewhere. India’s plans to build more dams could, for instance, have devastating affects for Pakistan’s agricultural productivity which is highly dependent on water supply f ...
Storm surges and coastal erosion in Bangladesh - State of the system, climate change impacts and 'low regret' adaptation measures
The effects of global environmental change, including coastal flooding stemming from storm surges as well as reduced rainfall in drylands and water scarcity, have detrimental effects on countries and megacities in the costal regions worldwide. Among these, Bangladesh with its capital Dhaka is today widely recognised to be one of the regions most vulnerable to climate change and its triggered associated impacts. Natural hazards that come from increased rainfall, rising sea levels, and tropical cyclones are expected to increase as climate changes, each seriously affecting agriculture, water & fo ...
CMDRR forum bulletin, 7th issue, August 2012
DAM, 2012This bulletin gives an account of some important events and initiatives of the CMDRR Forum, Bangladesh. This issue captures: (i) the observance of Environment day, National Disaster Preparedness Day (NDPD) 2012 and the organizing of Climate Change Fair 2012; (ii) 'Capacity building of the community', a workshop on climate change impact and coping mechanism for the sustainable livelihood of people living in Haor; (iii) a seminar on climate change vulnerability and coastal people’s livelihood organized by ADD International; and (iv) District level sharing meetings on disaster risk reduction and ...
Feeling the heat: the human cost of poor preparation for disasters
Islamic Relief Worldwide, 2012This report shows the positive difference Islamic Relief Worldwide is beginning to make in the area of disaster risk reduction (DRR) by highlighting how village disaster committees and earthworks to raise people’s houses have reduced the impact of seasonal flooding in north-western Bangladesh. It shows how irrigated vegetable growing and microfinance loans for small businesses are helping former pastoralists to build new livelihoods in north-eastern Kenya that are less vulnerable to drought. It provides evidence that being better prepared can save money as well as lives and shows that it can b ...
Climate vulnerability monitor
DARA, 2012The Climate Vulnerability Monitor 2nd Edition reveals that climate change has already held back global development and inaction is a leading global cause of death. Harm is most acute for poor and vulnerable groups but no country is spared either the costs of inaction or the benefits of an alternative path.
Commissioned by the world’s most vulnerable countries and backed by high-level and technical panels, the new Monitor estimates human and economic impacts of climate change and the carbon economy for 184 countries in 2010 and 2030, across 34 indicators.
Together we march: leveraging local funds through strategic alliances for disaster risk reduction
Rahman Mizanur; Islamic Relief Worldwide ; National Alliance for Risk Reduction and Response Initiatives (NARRI) - NARRI, 2012This document reports on a project titled 'A Disaster Resilient Future: Mobilising Communities and Institutions for Effective Risk Reduction', which aims to support and complement strategies that enable local communities to better prepare for, mitigate and respond adequately to natural hazards by enhancing their capacities to cope and respond, thereby increasing their resilience and reducing vulnerability. It describes the processes and learning in mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction and adaptation adopted by the three Union Disaster Management Committees supported under the project. It a ...
Disaster risk reduction in school curricula: case studies from thirty countries
Selby David; Kagawa Fumiyo; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); et al. - UNESCO, 2012This publication captures key national experiences in the integration of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in the curriculum, identifying good practice, noting issues addressed or still lacking, and reviewing learning outcomes. The study researched DRR related curriculum development and integration, pedagogy, student assessment, teacher professional development and guidance, learning outcomes and policy development, planning and implementation aspects covering thirty countries.
Putting resilience at the heart of development: investing in prevention and resilient recovery
UNDP, 2012This brochure illustrates lessons and challenges learned from UNDP activities in disaster risk reduction (DRR), recovery and reconstruction. Its goal is to further the understanding of the role of UN agencies, including the UNDP, and the role of the international community in DRR. It also discusses the government of Japan's role as a strong partner with UNDP in DRR and provides other country examples. Issues addressed: (i) reducing the impact of disaster through prevention measures; (ii) emergency response and recovery from disasters; (iii) gender equality and the empowerment of women in disas ...
Climate change: is the UK preparing for flooding and water scarcity? : (Adaptation sub-committee progress report 2012)
CCC, 2012This progress report assesses how well the United Kingdom is preparing for climate change. According the report, four times as many properties are at risk of flooding in England without action on climate change. The report uses a set of national indicators to help assess adaptation progress on two of the largest risks to the English regions: flooding and droughts. The report analyses and provides advice to the government for its upcoming adaptation programme.
Bangladesh: a sustainable and disaster resilient future
This document addresses how people in disaster prone areas of Bangladesh are at risk to lose their lives, land, and livelihoods due to floods, cyclones, earthquakes and drought, and how sustainable development and effective risk reduction can help prevent these risks. It also discusses how disasters in Bangladesh hamper the country's long-term ability to effectively tackle poverty. The document acknowledges the growing awareness among citizens that disaster risk reduction (DRR) is necessary to assist vulnerable communities; and that there needs to be a coordinated effort to undertake intensive ...
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Rainfall variability, occupational choice, and welfare in rural Bangladesh
This study investigates the choice of occupational focus versus diversification between household members in rural Bangladesh as an autonomous and proactive adaptation strategy against ex ante local rainfall variability risks. The analysis combines nationally representative household level survey data with historical climate variability information at the Upazila level. The authors note that flood prone Upazilas may face reduced risks from local rainfall variability as compared with non-flood prone Upazilas. They find that two members of the same household are less likely to be self-employed i ...
A disaster resilient future: mobilising communities and institutions for effective disaster risk reduction - Baseline study for the sixth DIPECHO action plan
NARRI, 2011This study intends to identify the baseline reference points to depict the existing scenario of the community people in light of all the indicators set forth in the sixth DIPECHO Action Plan for South Asia in Bangladesh undertaken by NARRI Consortium. It clusters three zones based on prominent hazards and highlights significant differences in the knowledge and practice of preparedness and mitigation measures, awareness and responses to warning signals in cyclone, flood-prone and earthquake prone areas. The study presents a set of recommendations in order to strengthen the programme and project ...
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Climate: observations, projections and impacts
The Met.Office, 2011Understanding the potential impacts of climate change is essential for informing both adaptation strategies and actions to avoid dangerous levels of climate change.
But assessing the impacts is scientifically challenging and has, until now, been fragmented. To date, only a limited amount of information about past climate change and its future impacts has been available at national level, while approaches to the science itself have varied between countries.
In April 2011, we were asked by the United Kingdom's Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change to begi ...
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Realising Development Effectiveness - Making the Most of Climate Change Finance in Asia and the Pacific : a synthesis report from fi ve country studies in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia, Philippines and Vietnam
Thornton Nigel - CDDE, 2010The report is intended to support progress on development effectiveness and climate change in Asia, through informing discussions on current climate financing in Asia. It provides an overview of key issues, and includes a synthesis of findings from five Asian country studies; in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Vietnam. It provided reference material for the 19th-20th October 2010 Bangkok conference on Climate Change Finance and Aid Effectiveness.
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Sundarbans: future imperfect climate adaptation report
"The eco-region of Sundarbans is unique and fragile because it is one of the most extensive mangrove forests in the world. This report describes the Sundarbans region and the impacts of climate change using evidence from the people who live there, scientific data, and efforts to address the problems of the imminent threats and vulnerabilities to this fragile ecosystem."
Source: eldis.org
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Industrial pollution and urban environment:a case study of Narayangonj Pourashava: the negative long-term impact of industrial waste
There has been a remarkable and refreshing interest in urban environment over the past few years. New development means some specific sectors and different sectors economic advancement. Advanced nations are economically developed and no doubt developing countries are more concern about economic development. One of the important sectors of economic development in developing world is manufacturing industries. Developing countries has industries promoted and motivated or controlled by different advanced foreign nations which sometimes contradict with the urban land use and environment and become ...
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1541. 1st WMO International Conference on Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones and Climate Change
WMO, 2010
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Climate Change and Flow of Environmental Displacement in Bangladesh
Akter Tahera - Unnayan Onneshan, 2009This study depicts environmental displacement with the premise of increased frequency of natural disasters and the adverse impacts of climate change. Bangladesh is already experiencing recurrent floods, severe cyclones, water logging, salinity intrusions, droughts and river bank erosion which induce mass population displacement. There is no generally agreed definition and scientifically developed methodology to estimate environmental displacement. Proper development guidelines are yet to be adopted to protect the lives and livelihoods of the displaced people who have the right to expect safe l ...
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Azerbaijan national report prepared for the IDNDR mid-term review and the 1994 World Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction
Azerbaijan - government, 1994^This report presents the institutional and legal framework for disaster risk reduction in Azerbaijan, and describes its common disaster risks and natural hazards, such as earthquake, landslide, flood and avalanche. It outlines the strategies, plans, projects and activities related to disaster prevention and risk management.
The report provides an evaluation of Azerbaijan’s progress, achievements and challenges in disaster risk reduction during the first half of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR), and highlights suggested activities and plans for th ...
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Bangladesh national report prepared for the IDNDR mid-term review and the 1994 World Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction
Bangladesh - government, 1994This report presents the institutional and legal framework for disaster risk reduction in Bangladesh, and describes its common disaster risks and natural hazards, such as flood, storm, drought, and cyclone. It outlines the strategies, plans, projects and activities related to disaster prevention and risk management.
The report provides an evaluation of Bangladesh’s progress, achievements and challenges in disaster risk reduction during the first half of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR), and highlights suggested activities and plans for the rest of ...
Panel news : WMO/ ESCAP Panel on tropical cyclone
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Panel on tropical cyclones ; Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) - WMO, 1988
Final report of the Meeting of Experts on Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Economic Commission for Asia and the far East (ECAFE) - WMO, 1970
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Asia Pacific Journal of Energy and Environment (APJEE)
The Asia Pacific Journal of Energy and Environment (APJEE) is an international blind peer-reviewed journal that publishes theoretical, experimental and applied outcome in the science, engineering and policy aspects of sustainable energy and environment. The journal aims to endow with a multidisciplinary and international forum for the broadcasting of the latest high-quality research fallout, particularly those related to or with implications for the Asian Pacific region.
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Disaster Management as an Opportunity for Sustainable Rural Development: In Jahangirnagar Planning Review, Vol. 2, June 2004
Necessity is the mother of invention. This is very much true in disaster management and development activities in Bangladesh. As a part of policy matters of government of Bangladesh disaster management efforts have been integrated into the process of national development. Flood protection embankments are
used as roads and in some cases as a portion of national road network system. Cyclone centres are used for multipurpose activities of community and rural development. Schools in coastal areas have been designed to be used as cyclone shelters in case of necessity. Houses and other ...
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