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Study of interannual variability of October-December rainfall season over Djibouti
Rainfall is a very important weather and climate parameter that affects social and economic activities in Djibouti. This leads to droughts, floods and humanitarian disasters over the country. The rainfall climatology of the country has some changes which need to be taken into account while planning for economic activities such as civil and structural engineering. The whole country receives significant rains in the months of (October – December) and (March – April) as known except for the southern parts of the country. The southern part of the country gets its rains in the months of (June to Au ...
Published by: Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology ; 2017
Rainfall is a very important weather and climate parameter that affects social and economic activities in Djibouti. This leads to droughts, floods and humanitarian disasters over the country. The rainfall climatology of the country has some changes which need to be taken into account while planning for economic activities such as civil and structural engineering. The whole country receives significant rains in the months of (October – December) and (March – April) as known except for the southern parts of the country. The southern part of the country gets its rains in the months of (June to August). Djibouti is located in the Eastern Africa it is believed that OND rainfall over the Eastern Africa is strongly caused by IOD and ENSO events. The roles of Indian-Pacific Ocean SSTs in climate variability over Eastern Africa have been discussed in a number of studies, and since most of previous studies focused on the entire region of eastern Africa. But less concerns remained on the analysis of specific countries like Djibouti. To explain it is OND season over Djibouti strongly caused by IOD and ENSO? This study will try to cover this gap by study inter-annual variability of October-December rainfall season over Djibouti.
The study inter-annual variability of OND rainfall over Djibouti focuses on analyzing by using different methods such as EOF, composite analysis and correlation analysis, the study tried to assess the spatial and temporal distribution of OND season rainfall over Djibouti and its associate circulating weather system covering a period of 1971 – 2010. The first EOF mode analysis is referred to be a dominant mode and was taken into consideration in this study. The identification of dry and wet years was based on the interannual standardized rainfall anomaly, we have identified the five wettest (1972, 1982, 1994, 1997, 2000) and three driest years (1974, 1975, 1978). The Mann–Kendall test statistics for abrupt change in rainfall was using there was observed abrupt change throughout the study period occurred 1979. The composite analysis of the wet and dry years with respect to the different variables including, wind, velocity potential/divergence (convergence) reveals that the wet (dry) years were associated with convergence (divergence) at 850hpa and
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divergence (convergence) at the upper level (200hpa), implying rising (sinking) motion, especially over the study area and western Indian Ocean. During wet years the sea level pressure is weakens over the West Indian Ocean and the eastern African coast due to the presence of low pressure in that region. Because of low pressure at the coast (Djibouti coastal area), the area experience a lot of activities (convection) favored for rain formation. The results of correlation analysis show that there exists a significant correlation between OND rainfall, Nino 3.4 and DMI over the country. The correlation coefficient of OND rainfall and DMI is 0.66 while that of Nino 3.4 and OND rainfall is 0.51. It was found that IOD exerts significant influence on Djibouti OND rainfall such that rainfall is enhanced (suppressed) during warm cold events in the events Indian Ocean dipole. Although IOD is the dominant mode over the country but Djibouti’s rainfall pattern seemed to be stronger when the large positive IOD indices matched with El Niño events. This these aims to investigate how Indo-Pacific Oceans modulate Djibouti rainfall and provide us with a physical basis to consider IOD as a predictor for variations of the OND season. It was found significant relationship between the anomalous SST in the Indian Ocean and enhanced rainfall intensity over Djibouti especially the coastal, south-eastern and center parts of the country where the positive correlation. Therefore the previous climate events must be well understood so as to make reliable and accurate forecasts that will enable to improve planning and management of climate sensitive activities.Notes: If you wish to download the full text, please contact the library(at)wmo.int (Please replace (at) by @).
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Available online for logged-in users)Tags: Precipitation ; Djibouti ; Thesis - WMO Fellowship Division ; Interannual variability ; IOD
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Disaster risk reduction efforts in the Greater Horn of Africa : In International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, March 2015, volume 6, issue 1, pp. 49-61
This article assesses the current state of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA), and focuses on interventions and policies to mitigate hydrometeorological risks. The research analyzes, as main case study, the program “Regional Climate Prediction and Risk Reduction in the Greater Horn of Africa” funded by the Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID OFDA) in the early 2000 that targeted risk preparedness.
Disaster risk reduction efforts in the Greater Horn of Africa: In International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, March 2015, volume 6, issue 1, pp. 49-61
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Available online: http://preventionweb.net/go/46403
This article assesses the current state of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA), and focuses on interventions and policies to mitigate hydrometeorological risks. The research analyzes, as main case study, the program “Regional Climate Prediction and Risk Reduction in the Greater Horn of Africa” funded by the Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID OFDA) in the early 2000 that targeted risk preparedness.
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Disaster Risk Management (DRM) ; Djibouti ; Eritrea ; Ethiopia ; Kenya ; Somalia ; Sudan ; United Republic of Tanzania ; Uganda
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Managing drought, sustaining growth in Djibouti
This brochure is part of a series highlighting the World Bank's achievements in disaster risk management initiatives. The brochure offers lessons learned on managing disaster risk and promoting urban resilience and it presents Bangladesh's path-breaking Urban Resilience Project, the product of a collaborative effort among the government, the World Bank, and GFDRR, which equips key government agencies with state-of-the art emergency management facilities and improves construction permitting processes.
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Available online: https://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2014/08/18/managing-drought-sustaining-grow [...]
Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery, the ; World Bank
Published by: GFDRR ; 2014This brochure is part of a series highlighting the World Bank's achievements in disaster risk management initiatives. The brochure offers lessons learned on managing disaster risk and promoting urban resilience and it presents Bangladesh's path-breaking Urban Resilience Project, the product of a collaborative effort among the government, the World Bank, and GFDRR, which equips key government agencies with state-of-the art emergency management facilities and improves construction permitting processes.
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Early warning systems ; Drought ; Hazard risk assessment or analysis ; Djibouti
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Factsheet: overview of disaster risk reduction in the Arab region
UNDP, 2013This publication provides a short overview of disaster risk reduction in the Arab region. It focuses on the major risks, why in particular cities are at risk and what are the drivers of disaster risk in the region. Further, the factsheet provides information about the achievements and challenges for the future.
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Available online: http://www.preventionweb.net/files/31693_drrfactsheetarabregionfinal.pdf
Published by: UNDP ; 2013
This publication provides a short overview of disaster risk reduction in the Arab region. It focuses on the major risks, why in particular cities are at risk and what are the drivers of disaster risk in the region. Further, the factsheet provides information about the achievements and challenges for the future.
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Natural hazards ; Disaster Risk Management (DRM) ; Climate change ; Urban zone management ; Tropical cyclone ; Drought ; Earthquake ; Flood ; Heat wave ; Landslide ; Tsunami ; Wildfire ; Region I - Africa ; Region II - Asia ; Algeria ; Bahrain ; Comoros ; Djibouti ; Egypt ; Iraq ; Jordan ; Kuwait ; Lebanon ; Libya (State of) ; Mauritania ; Morocco ; Oman ; Palestinian Authority ; Qatar ; Saudi Arabia ; Somalia ; Sudan ; Syrian Arab Republic ; Tunisia ; United Arab Emirates ; Yemen
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Climate vulnerability monitor
DARA, 2012The Climate Vulnerability Monitor 2nd Edition reveals that climate change has already held back global development and inaction is a leading global cause of death. Harm is most acute for poor and vulnerable groups but no country is spared either the costs of inaction or the benefits of an alternative path.
Commissioned by the world’s most vulnerable countries and backed by high-level and technical panels, the new Monitor estimates human and economic impacts of climate change and the carbon economy for 184 countries in 2010 and 2030, across 34 indicators.
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Available online: http://daraint.org/climate-vulnerability-monitor/climate-vulnerability-monitor-2 [...]
Published by: DARA ; 2012 (2nd ed.)
The Climate Vulnerability Monitor 2nd Edition reveals that climate change has already held back global development and inaction is a leading global cause of death. Harm is most acute for poor and vulnerable groups but no country is spared either the costs of inaction or the benefits of an alternative path.
Commissioned by the world’s most vulnerable countries and backed by high-level and technical panels, the new Monitor estimates human and economic impacts of climate change and the carbon economy for 184 countries in 2010 and 2030, across 34 indicators.Notes: Pdf version [35Mb] available here
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free)Tags: Climate ; Climate change ; Vulnerability ; Afghanistan ; Albania ; Algeria ; Angola ; Antigua and Barbuda ; Argentina ; Armenia ; Austria ; Australia ; Azerbaijan ; Bahamas ; Bahrain ; Bangladesh ; Barbados ; Belarus ; Belgium ; Belize ; Benin ; Bhutan ; Bolivia, Plurinacional State of ; Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Botswana ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Brunei Darussalam ; Burkina Faso ; Burundi ; Cambodia ; Cameroon ; Canada ; Cape Verde ; Central Africa ; Chad ; Chile ; China ; Colombia ; Comoros ; Costa Rica ; Côte d'Ivoire ; Croatia ; Cuba ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Democratic Republic of Congo ; Denmark ; Djibouti ; Dominica ; Dominican Republic ; Ecuador ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Equatorial Guinea ; Eritrea ; Estonia ; Ethiopia ; Fiji ; Finland ; France ; Gabon ; Georgia ; Germany ; Ghana ; Greece ; Greenland ; Guatemala ; Guinea ; Guinea-Bissau ; Guyana ; Haiti ; Honduras ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Iran, Islamic Republic of ; Iraq ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Kiribati ; Kuwait ; Kyrgyzstan ; Lao People’s Democratic Republic ; Latvia ; Lebanon ; Lesotho ; Liberia ; Libya (State of) ; Lithuania ; Luxembourg ; Republic of North Macedonia ; Madagascar ; Malawi ; Malaysia ; Maldives ; Mali ; Malta ; Marshall Islands ; Mauritania ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Micronesia, Federated States of ; Republic of Moldova ; Mongolia ; Morocco ; Mozambique ; Namibia ; Nepal ; Netherlands ; Nicaragua ; Niger ; Nigeria ; Norway ; Democratic People's Republic of Korea ; Oman ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Papua New Guinea ; Paraguay ; Peru ; Philippines ; Poland ; Portugal ; Qatar ; Congo ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Rwanda ; Saint Lucia ; Samoa ; Sao Tome and Principe ; Saudi Arabia ; Senegal ; Seychelles ; Sierra Leone ; Singapore ; Slovakia ; Slovenia ; Solomon Islands ; Somalia ; South Africa ; Republic of Korea ; Spain ; Sri Lanka ; Sudan ; Suriname ; Eswatini ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Syrian Arab Republic ; Tajikistan ; United Republic of Tanzania ; Thailand ; Gambia ; Togo ; Tonga ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Tunisia ; Türkiye ; Turkmenistan ; Tuvalu ; Uganda ; Ukraine ; United Arab Emirates ; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ; United States of America ; Uruguay ; Uzbekistan ; Vanuatu ; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of ; Viet Nam ; Yemen ; Zambia ; Zimbabwe ; Grenada ; Palau ; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
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State of Arab cities 2012
UN-Habitat, 2012This report, the first report in the UN-Habitat series on the state of cities to focus on the Arab world, highlights issues of environmental and natural disasters, risk and vulnerability, within a collective picture of urban conditions and trends in each of four Arab regions - Maghreb, Mashreq, Gulf Cooperative Council (GCC) and Southern Tier. It provides a discussion of the similarities, differences and linkages between these countries in the context of a larger Arab region.
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Address at the opening of the Greater Horn of Africa Climate Outlook Forum for 1998 and the Implications for Regional Food Security
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Tropical Meteorology Research Programme (TMRP) Report, 29. Local weather systems prediction for the Red sea countries : collection of papers presented at the RA II / RA I Seminar
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