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Sea Ice and Products and Services of the National Ice Center
This two-hour module examines sea ice, icebergs, and the products and services of the National Ice Center and the North American Ice Service. Topics include climatology and current trends in sea ice extent and thickness; the development, classification, and drift of sea ice and icebergs; fractures, leads and polynyas; and the satellite detection of sea ice using visible, infrared, and microwave sensors.
Community Tsunami Preparedness, 2nd Edition
This lesson is designed to help emergency managers prepare their communities for tsunamis. Topics include basic tsunami science, hazards produced by tsunamis, the tsunami warning system, the importance of public education activities, and how to craft good emergency messages and develop tsunami response plans. The lesson also contains links to extensive Reference and Resources sections.
Volcanic Ash: Impacts to Aviation, Climate, Maritime Operations, and Society
This module is the third in the four-part Volcanic Ash series. It provides information on the impacts of an explosive volcanic eruption to aviation, climate, maritime operations and society. The threats, or impacts, from an eruption vary depending on the eruption style, duration and proximity--both in distance and altitude--to the volcano. As you learned earlier, an eruption may bring multiple hazards to urban and rural areas through: Lahars (mudflows) and floods Lava-flow inundation Pyroclastic flows and surge Volcanic ash and bomb fallout Volcanic gases In this module, we'll take a closer lo ...
Coastal Climate Change
As climate changes, dynamic coastal regions are experiencing a wide range of impacts. Sea levels, ocean acidification, sea surface temperatures, ocean heat, and ocean circulation have all been changing in ways unseen for thousands of years. Arctic sea ice melted significantly more during summers in the last 30 years, and storms are intensifying. Coastal ecosystems stand to be damaged, and coasts will likely erode from rising sea levels, intensified storm surges, and flooding that climate change may amplify. Coastal communities will need to prepare adaptation strategies to cope, and many who li ...
Snowmelt Processes: International Edition
Snowmelt is an integral component of the hydrologic forecasting process in many parts of the world. Here, we examine the influences of environmental conditions on snowfall distribution, snowpack structure, snowpack-environment energy exchange, and finally, the rate and amount of snowmelt itself. The fate of snowmelt water after it reaches the ground is also explored.
Volcanic Ash: Introduction
Provides a concise introduction to volcanic ash through the examples of the Mt. Pinatubo and Eyjafjallajökull eruptions. This is the introduction to a four-part series on Volcanic Ash.
Flash Flood Processes: International Edition
Flash floods can occur in nearly any area of the world. A rainfall-induced flash flood is a truly hydrometeorological event: one that depends on both hydrologic and meteorological conditions. Forecasting flash floods involves a detailed understanding of the local hydrologic features and continual monitoring of the current meteorological situation. This module examines both the hydrologic and meteorological processes that often contribute to the development of flash flooding. Common tools and technologies that are used in flash flood monitoring and forecasting, from manual gauging systems to co ...
Flood Forecasting Case Study: International Edition
This module allows users to explore the flood forecasting process by assuming the role of a visiting hydrologist intern at the National Hydrologic Service in Main Country. Fictional senior hydrologists guide the intern through an idealized flooding event that takes place over Main Country's Mainstem river basin and its tributary basins, each with varying landscapes and observation systems. Users will examine how these variations impact the quality and type of forecast that can be achieved. Users will also learn about common problems encountered in flood forecasting, and how to adjust forecasts ...
Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition, Chapter 3: Global Circulation
The chapter begins with a review of the general principles of atmospheric motion including scale analysis of tropical motions. An overview of the general circulation of the atmosphere and ocean is presented including stratospheric general circulation. Special emphasis is given to the Hadley circulation including its maintenance, seasonal migration, northern and southern hemispheric differences, and the contrast between tropical and midlatitude wind systems. Tropical circulations are examined in a theoretical framework as responses to heating at the equator. Regional monsoons, their conceptual ...
Ocean Observations Panel for Climate, Interview with Eric Lindstrom: in International Innovation, August 2011
NASA, 2011The more research carried out on our oceans, the more significant its role has proven in the broader climate system. Observing Earth’s Ocean System is therefore a vital component of climate research, and the OOPC is working hard to direct this effectively, as its Chair Dr Eric J Lindstrom explains.
GCOS, 147. Summary Report of the Thirteenth Session of the GTOS/GCOS Terrestrial Observation Panel for Climate (TOPC): final report
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 2011 (WMO/TD-No. 1573)
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Climate change, water and food security
This report summarises current knowledge of the anticipated impacts of climate change on water availability for agriculture. It examines the implications for local and national food security and the methods and approaches for assessing climate change impacts on water and agriculture. It emphasises the need for a closer alignment between water and agricultural policies and makes the case for immediate implementation of ‘no-regrets’ strategies which have both positive development outcomes and make agricultural systems resilient to future impacts.
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Blue carbon policy framework 2.0 : based on the discussion of the International Blue Carbon Policy Working Group
Development and implementation of blue carbon-based activities now requires strategic policy and incentive mechanisms to achieve coastal conservation, restoration and sustainable use, and provide disincentives to drain or damage coastal systems. A first effort to develop such a strategic program was set out in the first edition of the Blue Carbon Policy Framework. Based on additional information and current progress a revised Blue Carbon Policy Framework 2.0 has now been developed. It updates the previous version and adds a detailed coordinated program of policy objectives and activities. It o ...
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Conservation management of rivers and wetlands under climate change: a synthesis: in Marine and Fresh Water Research
Dams, diversion of water, invasive species, overharvesting and pollution are degrading rivers and wetlands. Climate change may exacerbate impacts of these threats through predicted reductions in rainfall and increased temperature, decreasing flow and altering timing and variability of flow regimes. This paper identifies conservation-management strategies for wetlands and rivers through recovery of flow regimes, alteration of dam operations, protected-area management and improved governance and adaptive management.
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Addressing climate change adaptation and mitigation in tropical wetland ecosystems of Indonesia
Tropical wetland ecosystems, especially peatlands and mangroves, are important in global carbon cycling. This brief notes that Indonesia has more tropical wetlands than any other country on Earth and that coastal mangroves are important for both mitigation and adaptation. It examines ramifications for Indonesia’s wetlands and calls for ecosystem-based or watershed-wide approaches for communities to manage wetlands.
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JCOMM Meeting Report, 82. Expert Team on Maritime Safety Services (ETMSS-3) - Third session : final report
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2011
JCOMM Meeting Report, 84. Ship Observations Team - Sixth session : final report
The Sixth Session of the JCOMM Ship Observations Team (SOT) was held at the auditorium of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Division of Marine and Atmospheric Research (CMAR), Hobart, Australia, from 11 to 15 April 2011 at the kind invitation of the Government of Australia. The Session was co-sponsored by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) and CSIRO.
As for previous SOT Sessions, a technical and scientific workshop focusing on new initiatives and / or new developments in shipboard meteorological or oceanographic instrumentation, observing ...
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JCOMM Meeting Report, 85. JCOMM Observations coordination group: fourth session : final report
The Fourth Session of the JCOMM Observations Coordination Group (OCG) was held in Hobart, Australia, from 18 to 20 April 2011, at the kind invitation of the Government of Australia. The Session was sponsored by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BOM). The meeting focused on issues and actions that would help improve the 'systems' aspects of JCOMM, and on collaboration that would appeal and help each individual component. The Group reviewed requirements, refined the implementation goals for the observing networks, and addressed common technical coordination through JCOMMOPS. It noted the nee ...
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JCOMM Meeting Report, 86. Data buoy co-operation panel: twenty-seventh session : final report
The twenty-seventh session of the Data Buoy Co-operation Panel (DBCP-27) was held in Geneva, Switzerland, from 26 to 30 September 2011, at the headquarters of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
A technical and scientific workshop was organized during the first day of the session. 17 presentations were delivered under the themes of operational practices and enhancements, technical development for marine observation systems, applications of collected data, and requirements for climate applications. Approximately 70 participants from 17 countries attended the meetings.
JCOMM Technical Report, 55. WCRP-JCOMM Workshop on Coordinated Global Wave Climate Projections (COWCLIP)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Wang Xiaolan L.; Weisse Ralf; et al. - WMO, 2011 (WMO/TD-No. 1518)The Coordinated Ocean Wave Climate Projections (COWCLIP) workshop was held on April 11-13, 2011, at the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in Geneva, Switzerland, with the support of the World Climate Research Programme and the Joint Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology of WMO and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The workshop aimed to bring together international researchers with interest in wind wave climate variability and change, to discuss the potential path forward for a collaborative working group to address challenges in this field ...
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Water and Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Strategies
UNFCCC, 2011Building on recent reviews on climate change impacts on freshwater resources and adaptation strategies, this technical paper analyses existing scientific information on observed and projected impacts of climate change on water, provides information on links between climate change and freshwater resources and on adaptation to climate change in the water sector. Parties may wish to use the information contained in this technical paper as they consider implementing adaptation action under the Convention, including in the work under the Nairobi work programme on impacts, vulnerability and adaptati ...
Review of Maritime Transport - 2011
UNCTAD, 2011"The 2011 Review of Maritime Transport, published by the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) highlights challenges of adapting maritime transport to the impacts of climate change, primarily sea-level rise, and provides an update on the development of measures to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from maritime transport."
Source: http://climate-l.iisd.org
A blueprint for ocean and coastal sustainability : an inter-agency paper towards the preparation of the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20)
UNESCO, 2011The Blueprint provides an overview of the threats faced by the oceans, including unsustainable use, deforestation of mangroves, disappearance of coral reefs, ocean acidification and climate change. It further highlights the role of oceans in regulating the climate, contributing to food security and sustaining livelihoods.
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