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Lesson and Group Exercise on Cloud Formation
Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG) ; World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 2018
Том 66(1) - 2017 г. - Новое издание Международного атласа облаков
Содержание
- Новое издание Международного атласа облаков。 2
- Понимать облака для того, чтобы предвидеть будущий климат。 8
- Изменения в засеве облаков по всему миру при активном воздействии на погоду。 12
- Эволюция науки о климате。 16
- Технический регламент ВМО Интервью с Димитаром Ивановым。 24
- Фотоочерк: лауреаты конкурса фотографий для календаря ВМО。 30
- Годовой глобальный углеродный бюджет。 34
- Интегрированная глобальная информационная система по парниковым газам (ИГИСПГ)。 38
- Европа, развитие климатического обслуживания ...
Vol. 66(1) - 2017 - New Edition of the International Cloud Atlas
is an issue of Bulletin. WMO, 2017
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International Cloud Atlas Web edition
About the ICA site. Welcome to our new portal
Using Climatology in Forecasting Convection in West and Central Africa
This case-study lesson provides an opportunity to apply the information in the ASMET lesson “Satellite-Derived Climatology Products for Monitoring Convection Over West and Central Africa” to a case that occurred over West and Central Africa in June 2014. It demonstrates how to integrate climatology information with satellite, global instability indices (GII), and NWP data when convection is forecast to occur.
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Clouds Timelaps
Mammatus clouds over his house in Germantown, MD
International Cloud Atlas: Manual on the Observation of Clouds and Other Meteors
This Atlas describes the classification system for clouds and meteorological phenomena used by all WMO Members. The classifications also describe meteorological meteors other than clouds – hydrometeors, lithometeors, photometeors, and electrometeors.
The Atlas provides a common language to communicate cloud observations, and ensures consistency in reporting by observers around the world. It serves as a training tool for meteorologists, as well as for those working in aeronautical and maritime environments, and it has become popular with weather enthusiasts and cloud spotters.
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World Meteorological Day 2017 highlights
World Meteorological Day 2017 highlights
观云识天 [海报]
世界气象组织 (WMO) - 世界气象组织 (WMO), 2017
观云识天
世界气象组织 (WMO) - 世界气象组织 (WMO), 2017
SatFC-G: Near-IR Bands
This lesson introduces you to three of the four near-infrared imager bands (at 1.37, 1.6, and 2.2 micrometers) on the GOES R-U ABI (Advanced Baseline Imager), focusing on their spectral characteristics and how they affect what each band observes. For information on the 0.86 micrometer near-IR "veggie" band which is not included here, refer to the Visible and Near-IR Bands lesson. This lesson is a part of the NWS Satellite Foundation GOES-R Course.
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Fogbows
Porto Roberto - WMO, 2016"- Location name, latitude and longitude (map entry tool available) Teide National Park Tenerife Spain
latitude 28°16'51.83"N longitude 16°34'27.76"w
- Climate Classification (Koppen scheme ; map entry available) BSh
- Type of location (land/sea or air): land/sea
- Camera pointing direction.west
- Meteor type (e.g. clouds, lithometers, etc.) atmospheric optic : fogbows
- Cloud Genera (e.g. Cirrocumulus, unknown, etc.) fogbows
metadata : nikon d5300 with nikkor fish eye (ultra wide )"
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Sea Breeze
Miller Jack - WMO, 2016"This is my first time-lapse film I decided to put together. All scenes are shot in Florida from April - September 2016. This film is meant to showcase Florida's weather pattern from a stray shower to a fierce severe warned thunderstorm.
Through that time period, I had taken over 149,000 photos between the two cameras for this project. Less than half were used for the final production. Overall editing took about 2 months and was really because of the music choice as I had switched songs half way through the project.
***Technical*** - Equipment used was a Canon 6D ...
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Cap cloud over volcano Teide
Porto Roberto - WMO, 2016"- Location name, latitude and longitude (map entry tool available) Teide National Park, Tenerife Canary islands Spain Latitude 28°16'32.97" longitude 16°43'46.11"W
-Climate Classification (Koppen scheme ; map entry available) BSh
- Type of location (land/sea or air) lans /sea
- Camera pointing direction NE
- Meteor type (e.g. clouds, lithometers, etc.) clouds
- Cloud Genera (e.g. Cirrocumulus, unknown, etc.) altocumulus lenticularis -cap clouds
metadata: nikon d5300 wide angle (18mm) seconds 0-16 and zoomed seconds 17-36. "
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Mammatus over Tenerife Timelapse
Bergersen Thomas - WMO, 2016Video timelapse de las nubes de tipo Mammatus que tuvimos sobre nuestras cabezas tinerfeñas el dia 12 de septiembre 2016. las nubes llegan del sureste y avanzan en direccion noreste, pasando sobre el roque del conde en adeje, para al atrdecer, desaparecer. grabado con Nikon d5300 y Nikon d90 y con Nikor fish eye 10,5 f:2,8 y Tokina 11-16 mm f:2,8. lrtimelapse, y lightroom cc
Satellite-Derived Climatology Products for Monitoring Convection Over West and Central Africa
A weather forecaster’s knowledge of climatology is important to the success of a forecast, especially where convection is involved. That’s particularly true over Central and West Africa where convection has a strong diurnal cycle and usually develops over particular geographic regions and during specific time intervals. The lesson describes satellite-derived cloud climatology products and several global instability indices, all of which can be integrated with other products to forecast convection. Although the lesson uses examples of climatology products from specific months, it makes the full ...
Weather Observing Fundamentals
"Weather Observing Fundamentals" provides guidance for U.S. Navy Aerographer's Mates, Quartermasters, and civilian observers tasked with taking and reporting routine, special, and synoptic observations. Although the focus of this lesson is on shipboard observations, much of the content applies to land-based observing and reporting as well. The lesson details standard procedures for taking accurate weather observations and for encoding those observations on COMNAVMETOCCOM Report 3141/3. Exercises throughout the lesson and four weather identification drills at the end provide learners with oppor ...
Writing TAFs for Ceilings and Visibility, Africa Edition
Writing TAFs for Ceilings and Visibility, Africa Edition outlines the processes for developing an effective Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) that meets International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) guidelines. Geared specifically to forecasters in Africa, the lesson includes a case study for an event impacting Cape Town International Airport to provide practice applying the processes to real-life forecast situations.
WWRP, 2012-1. Recommended Methods for Evaluating Cloud and Related Parameters
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; WWRP/WGNE Joint Working Group on Forecast Verification Research (JWGFVR) - WMO, 2012Cloud errors can have wide-reaching impacts on the accuracy and quality of outcomes, most notably, but not exclusively, on temperature. This is especially true for weather forecasting, where cloud cover has a significant impact on human comfort and wellbeing. Whilst public perception may not be interested in absolute precision, i.e. whether there were 3 or 5 okta of cloud, there is anecdotal evidence to suggest strong links between the perceptions of overall forecast accuracy and whether the cloud was forecast correctly, mostly because temperature errors often go hand-in-hand. It is therefore ...
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Microphysical and radiative effects of aerosols on warm clouds during the Amazon biomass burning season as observed by MODIS: impacts of water vapor and land cover
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 7. Ten Hoeve J.E.; Remer L.A.; Jacobson M.Z. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011Aerosol, cloud, water vapor, and temperature profile data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) are utilized to examine the impact of aerosols on clouds during the Amazonian biomass burning season in Rondônia, Brazil. It is found that increasing background column water vapor (CWV) throughout this transition season between the Amazon dry and wet seasons likely exerts a strong effect on cloud properties. As a result, proper analysis of aerosol-cloud relationships requires that data be stratified by CWV to account better for the influence of background meteorological vari ...
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The 2009–2010 Arctic polar stratospheric cloud season: a CALIPSO perspective
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 5. Pitts M.C.; Poole L.R.; Dörnbrack A.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011Spaceborne lidar measurements from CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations) are used to provide a vortex-wide perspective of the 2009–2010 Arctic PSC (polar stratospheric cloud) season to complement more focused measurements from the European Union RECONCILE (reconciliation of essential process parameters for an enhanced predictability of Arctic stratospheric ozone loss and its climate interactions) field campaign. The 2009–2010 Arctic winter was unusually cold at stratospheric levels from mid-December 2009 until the end of January 2010, and was one of only ...
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Dependence of aerosol-precipitation interactions on humidity in a multiple-cloud system
This study examines the dependence of aerosol-precipitation interactions on environmental humidity in a mesoscale cloud ensemble (MCE) which is composed of convective and stratiform clouds. The author found that increases in aerosol concentration enhance evaporative cooling, which raises not only the intensity of vorticity and entrainment but also that of downdrafts and low-level convergence. The increase in vorticity tends to suppress precipitation. The increase in low-level convergence tends to enhance precipitation by generating more secondary clouds in a muptiple-cloud system simulated her ...
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Characteristics, sources, and transport of aerosols measured in spring 2008 during the aerosol, radiation, and cloud processes affecting Arctic Climate (ARCPAC) Project
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 3. Brock C.A.; Cozic J.; Bahreini R.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011We present an overview of the background, scientific goals, and execution of the Aerosol, Radiation, and Cloud Processes affecting Arctic Climate (ARCPAC) project of April 2008. We then summarize airborne measurements, made in the troposphere of the Alaskan Arctic, of aerosol particle size distributions, composition, and optical properties and discuss the sources and transport of the aerosols. The aerosol data were grouped into four categories based on gas-phase composition. First, the background troposphere contained a relatively diffuse, sulfate-rich aerosol extending from the top of the sea ...
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Optical properties of pristine ice crystals in mid-latitude cirrus clouds: a case study during CIRCLE-2 experiment
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 3. Gayet J.-F.; Mioche G.; Shcherbakov V.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011In this paper, we describe in situ observations of mid-latitude cirrus cloud band carried out on 16 May 2007 during the CIRCLE-2 experiment. The Polar Nephelometer and the Cloud Particle Imager (CPI) instruments with PMS FSSP-300 and 2D-C probes were used for the description of the optical and microphysical cloud properties. Two selected cloud regions are compared and discussed in detail. Significant differences in optical properties are evidenced in terms of 22° halo occurrences even though prevalent planar-plate ice crystals are observed in both cloud regions. Featureless scattering phase fu ...
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Evaluating the effects of microphysical complexity in idealised simulations of trade wind cumulus using the Factorial Method
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 3. Dearden C.; Connolly P.J.; Choularton T.W.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011The effect of microphysical and environmental factors on the development of precipitation in warm idealised cloud is explored using a kinematic modelling framework. A simple one-dimensional column model is used to drive a suite of microphysics schemes including a flexible multi-moment bulk scheme (including both single and dual moment cloud liquid water) and a state-of-the-art bin-resolved scheme with explicit treatments of liquid and aerosol. The Factorial Method is employed to quantify and compare the sensitivities of each scheme under a set of controlled conditions, in order to isolate the ...
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Scale-by-scale analysis of probability distributions for global MODIS-AQUA cloud properties: how the large scale signature of turbulence may impact statistical analyses of clouds
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 3. de la Torre Juárez M.; Davis A.B.; Fetzer E.J. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011Means, standard deviations, homogeneity parameters used in models based on their ratio, and the probability distribution functions (PDFs) of cloud properties from the MODerate resolution Infrared Spectrometer (MODIS) are estimated globally as function of averaging scale varying from 5 to 500 km. The properties – cloud fraction, droplet effective radius, and liquid water path – all matter for cloud-climate uncertainty quantification and reduction efforts. Global means and standard deviations are confirmed to change with scale. For the range of scales considered, global means vary only within 3% ...
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Chemical composition and mixing-state of ice residuals sampled within mixed phase clouds
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 3. Ebert M.; Worringen A.; Benker N.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011During an intensive campaign at the high alpine research station Jungfraujoch, Switzerland, in February/March 2006 ice particle residuals within mixed-phase clouds were sampled using the Ice-counterflow virtual impactor (Ice-CVI). Size, morphology, chemical composition, mineralogy and mixing state of the ice residual and the interstitial (i.e., non-activated) aerosol particles were analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Ice nuclei (IN) were identified from the significant enrichment of particle groups in the ice residual (IR) samples relative to the interstitial aerosol. In ...
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On the impacts of phytoplankton-derived organic matter on the properties of the primary marine aerosol – Part 2: Composition, hygroscopicity and cloud condensation activity
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 3. Fuentes E.; Coe H.; Green D.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011The effect of nanogel colloidal and dissolved organic matter <0.2 μm, secreted by marine biota, on the hygroscopic growth and droplet activation behaviour of the primary marine aerosol was studied. Seawater proxies were prepared by the combination of artificial seawater devoid of marine organics and natural seawater enriched in organic exudate released by laboratory-grown phytoplankton cultures, as described in a companion paper. The primary aerosol was produced by bubble bursting, using a plunging multijet system as an aerosol generator.
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Cloud condensation nuclei in polluted air and biomass burning smoke near the mega-city Guangzhou, China – Part 2: Size-resolved aerosol chemical composition, diurnal cycles, and externally mixed weakly CCN-active soot particles
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 3. Rose D.; Gunthe S.S.; Su H.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011Size-resolved chemical composition, mixing state, and cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) activity of aerosol particles in polluted mega-city air and biomass burning smoke were measured during the PRIDE-PRD2006 campaign near Guangzhou, China, using an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS), a volatility tandem differential mobility analyzer (VTDMA), and a continuous-flow CCN counter (DMT-CCNC).
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A new method for retrieval of the extinction coefficient of water clouds by using the tail of the CALIOP signal
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 3. Li J.; Hu Y.; Huang J.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011A method is developed based on Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) level 1 attenuated backscatter profile data for deriving the mean extinction coefficient of water droplets close to cloud top. The method is applicable to low level (cloud top <2 km), opaque water clouds in which the lidar signal is completely attenuated beyond about 100 m of penetration into the cloud. The photo multiplier tubes (PMTs) of the 532 nm detectors (parallel and perpendicular polarizations) of the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) both exhibit a non-id ...
Satellite Meteorology: GOES Channel Selection V2
This module is an update to the previous Satellite Meteorology: GOES Channel Selection module. It reviews the five GOES imager channels and their use, incorporating conceptual visualizations and numerous imagery examples. The module also includes updated information on improvements for the GOES-13, -14 and -15 satellites. Highlights include a higher resolution 13.3 micrometer CO2 channel (GOES-14 & -15), modified spectral response of the visible channel, improved radiometric performance and pixel geolocation, and shortened data outages during the fall and spring satellite eclipse periods.
Kinematic and Thermodynamical Structures of Longitudinal-Mode Snow Bands over the Sea of Japan during Cold-Air Outbreaks Part I: Snow Bands in Large Vertical Shear Environment in the Band-Transverse Direction
Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Vol. 88. No 4. Yamada Yoshinori; Murakami Masataka; Mizuno Hakaru - Meteorological Society of Japan, 2010The kinematic and thermodynamical structures of two longitudinal-mode (termed “L-mode”) snow bands over the Sea of Japan occurring on February 8, 1991 and January 21, 1993 are analyzed mainly based on dual-Doppler radar data. The L-mode snow bands with multicellular structure in 1991 and 1993 formed, respectively, at the early onset of and toward the end of cold-air outbreaks, where the magnitude of the band-transverse vertical shear was roughly 2 × 10-3 s-1 approximately in the lower-half of the mixed layer. This magnitude was larger than that associated with L-mode snow bands characterized b ...
The Structure and Formation Mechanism of Transversal Cloud Bands Associated with the Japan-Sea Polar-Airmass Convergence Zone
Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Vol. 88. No 4. Eito Hisaki; Murakami Masataka; Muroi Chiashi - Meteorological Society of Japan, 2010During a cold-air outbreak, a broad cloud band is occasionally observed over the Japan-Sea Polar-Airmass Convergence Zone (JPCZ) that forms over the Sea of Japan from the base of the Korean Peninsula to the Japanese Islands. On 14 January 2001, a broad cloud band associated with the JPCZ (JPCZ cloud band) extended in a southeastward direction from the base of the Korean Peninsula to Wakasa Bay, and it stagnated for half a day. The JPCZ cloud band consisted of two cloud regions: one was a long cloud band extending along its southwestern edge (a developed convective cloud band), and the other wa ...
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Regime Behavior in the Sea Surface Temperature-Cloud Radiative Forcing Relationships over the Pacific Cold Tongue Region
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, Volume 3 Number 5. Wu Chun-Qiang; Zhou Tian-Jun; De-Zheng Xiao-Li - Science Press, 2010Previous analyses on the estimates of water vapor and cloud-related feedbacks in the tropics usually use observations over the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) period (1985–89). To examine the sample dependence of previous estimates, the authors extend the analysis to two additional periods: 1990–94 and 1995–99. The results confirm our hypothesis, i.e., the values of the feedbacks depend on the period of data coverage. The differences in the feedbacks from cloud radiative forcings (CRFs) estimated from the three periods are particularly significant. Two possible causes for these differ ...
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Special issue - Atmospheric brown cloud in the Himalayas
is an issue of Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP). Copernicus GmbH, 2010
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Aerosol Indirect Effects on Warm Clouds in the Grid-Point Atmospheric Model of IAP LASG (GAMIL)
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, Volume 3 Number 4. Shi Xiang-Jun; Wang Bin; Liu Xiao-Hong; et al. - Science Press, 2010Aerosol indirect effects on warm clouds are estimated in the Grid-point Atmospheric Model of IAP LASG (GAMIL) with a new two-moment cloud microphysics scheme using two different physically-based aerosol activation parameterizations: Abdul-Razzak and Ghan, and Nenes and Seinfeld. The annual global mean changes in shortwave cloud forcing from preindustrial times to present day (a measure of the aerosol indirect effects) estimated from these two parameterizations are remarkably similar: 0.76 W m-2 with the Abdul-Razzak and Ghan parameterization, and 0.78 W m-2 with the Nenes and Seinfeld paramete ...
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Volume 3 Number 4 - 16 July 2010
is an issue of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters. Science Press, 2010
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Cloud effects on erythemal UV radiation in a complex topography
Walker Daniel - Confédération Suisse, 2010UV radiation is part of the solar spectrum with wavelengths between 100 and 400 nm. In this study, erythemal UV is investigated; a measure directly related to the harmfulness of
solar radiation to our skin. UV radiation has important impacts on di?fferent ecosystems, life and also on public health. Therefore, detailed information about the spatial distribution of UV radiation and its temporal evolution is required. Since observations are spatially and temporally sparse, these issues are often approached by radiative transfer modeling. These models perform well for simulating UV radiatio ...
S-290 Unit 4: Basic Weather Processes
The “S-290 Unit 4: Basic Weather Processes” distance learning module summarizes atmospheric structure and composition, the Sun-Earth radiation budget, weather elements used to describe the atmosphere, the greenhouse effect, and temperature lags observed both daily and seasonally. The content introduces the concepts of pressure, atmospheric heating, and temperature and provides a basis for understanding weather topics that are explored in more detail in other modules of the Intermediate Wildland Fire Behavior Course.
Feature Identification Exercises: Clouds, Snow, and Ice Using MODIS
This module consists of four exercises where users identify surface features, distinguish clouds from snow on the ground, and determine cloud phase using multispectral analysis. The module also includes an overview of multispectral techniques available on many operational and research polar-orbiting satellites. A page with links to real-time polar-orbiting data and information is also included.
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WCRP Informal/Series Report, 19/2001. Report of the ninth session of the GEWEX Cloud system study (GCSS)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); International Council for Science (ICSU) - WMO, 2001
WCRP, 110. Workshop on Cloud Processes and Cloud Feedbacks in Large-scale Models, European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2000 (WMO/TD-No. 993)
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WMP Report Series, 19. WMO Workshop on Cloud Microphysics and Applications to Global Change: proceedings
World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) ; World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 1993 (WMO/TD-No. 537)
WCRP, 77. International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) : radiance calibration report
Rossow William Brigance; World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 1992 (WMO/TD-No. 520)
WCRP, 59. Report of the Experts Meeting on Interaction between Aerosols and Clouds
Vali Gabor; World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) - WMO, 1991 (WMO/TD-No. 423)
WCRP, 52. The radiative effects of clouds and their impact on climate
Arking Albert; World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU) - WMO, 1990 (WMO/TD-No. 399)
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International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) central archive: Catalog of data and products
Kidwell Katherine B.; Gorline Jerry L.; World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; et al. - WMO, 1989 (revised october 1989; WMO/TD-No. 265)
WCRP, 03. International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP): sixth session of the International Working Group on Data Management
World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) ; World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 1988 (WMO/TD-No. 210)
WCRP, 14. An experimental cloud lidar pilot study (ECLIPS): report of the WCRP/CSIRO Workshop on Cloud Base Measurement
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 1988 (WMO/TD-No. 251)
WCRP, 13. International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project :report of the seventh session, ISCCP Working Group on Data Management
International Council for Science (ICSU); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 1988 (WMO/TD-No. 252)
WCRP, 09. Aerosols, clouds and other climatically important parameters: LIDAR applications and networks, meeting of experts
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU) - WMO, 1988 (WMO/TD-No. 233)
WCP, 131. Report of the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) Workshop on Cloud Algorithms in the Polar Regions
Raschke Ehrhard; International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics Radiation Commission ; International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project Working Group on Data Management - WMO, 1987 (WMO/TD-No. 170)
Marine cloud album
This publication contains 38 photographs, in colour, of cloud formations found at sea. Technical and non-technical specifications are given for each illustration.
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