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Satellite Meteorology: GOES Channel Selection V2
This module is an update to the previous Satellite Meteorology: GOES Channel Selection module. It reviews the five GOES imager channels and their use, incorporating conceptual visualizations and numerous imagery examples. The module also includes updated information on improvements for the GOES-13, -14 and -15 satellites. Highlights include a higher resolution 13.3 micrometer CO2 channel (GOES-14 & -15), modified spectral response of the visible channel, improved radiometric performance and pixel geolocation, and shortened data outages during the fall and spring satellite eclipse periods.
Available online: https://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=784
Published by: The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research ; 2011
This module is an update to the previous Satellite Meteorology: GOES Channel Selection module. It reviews the five GOES imager channels and their use, incorporating conceptual visualizations and numerous imagery examples. The module also includes updated information on improvements for the GOES-13, -14 and -15 satellites. Highlights include a higher resolution 13.3 micrometer CO2 channel (GOES-14 & -15), modified spectral response of the visible channel, improved radiometric performance and pixel geolocation, and shortened data outages during the fall and spring satellite eclipse periods.
Disclaimer regarding 3rd party resources: WMO endeavours to ensure, but cannot and does not guarantee the accuracy, accessibility, integrity and timeliness of the information available on its website. WMO may make changes to the content of this website at any time without notice.
The responsibility for opinions expressed in articles, publications, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and their posting on this website does not constitute an endorsement by WMO of the opinion expressed therein.
WMO shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of the use of its website. Please do not misuse our website.Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Standard Copyright)Tags: Weather forecasting ; Cloud type ; Lesson/ Tutorial ; Jet stream ; Fog ; Satellite Skills and Knowledge for Operational Meteorologists
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Spring Cold Bias of SST and Minimal Wind Mixing in the Equatorial Pacific Cold Tongue
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, Volume 3 Number 6. Lin Peng-Fei; Liu Hai-Long; Li Chao; et al. - Science Press, 2010The authors investigate the relationship between bias in simulated sea surface temperature (SST) in the equatorial eastern Pacific cold tongue during the boreal spring as simulated by an oceanic general circulation model (OGCM) and minimal wind mixing (MWM) at the surface. The cold bias of simulated SST is greatest during the boreal spring, at approximately 3°C. A sensitivity experiment reducing MWM by one order of magnitude greatly alleviates cold biases, especially in March-April. The decrease in bias is primarily due to weakened vertical mixing, which preserves heat in the uppermost layer a ...
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Available online: http://www.iapjournals.ac.cn/aosl/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=AOSL10057
in Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters > Volume 3 Number 6 (16 November 2010) . - p.342-346The authors investigate the relationship between bias in simulated sea surface temperature (SST) in the equatorial eastern Pacific cold tongue during the boreal spring as simulated by an oceanic general circulation model (OGCM) and minimal wind mixing (MWM) at the surface. The cold bias of simulated SST is greatest during the boreal spring, at approximately 3°C. A sensitivity experiment reducing MWM by one order of magnitude greatly alleviates cold biases, especially in March-April. The decrease in bias is primarily due to weakened vertical mixing, which preserves heat in the uppermost layer and results in warmer simulated SST. The reduction in vertical mixing also leads to a weak westward current in the upper layer, which further contributes to warmer SST estimates. These findings imply that there are large uncertainties about simple model parameters such as MWM at the oceanic surface.
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free), Hard copyTags: Temperature anomaly ; Severe cold ; Meteorology ; Observations ; Spring ; Weather ; Wind ; Region V - South-West Pacific
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Roll Vortices in the Boundary Layer Caused by a Concave Wind Profile: A Theoretical Study
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, Volume 3 Number 6. Liu Hui-Zhi; Sang Jian-Guo - Science Press, 2010The present study solves a two-layer atmospheric wave equation model with a lower atmosphere concave wind profile and cold-air outbreak over sea, while simultaneously proving that such a wind shear may cause neutral boundary layer roll vortices in the presence of disturbing sources upstream. Without thermal effects, the wind shear-induced waves have band structures at the top of the boundary layer that are similar to cloud street patterns observed over sea. This study proves that dynamic and thermal effects can act independently to initiate the roll vortices in the lower atmosphere. At the sam ...
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Available online: http://www.iapjournals.ac.cn/aosl/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=AOSL10070
in Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters > Volume 3 Number 6 (16 November 2010) . - p.308-311The present study solves a two-layer atmospheric wave equation model with a lower atmosphere concave wind profile and cold-air outbreak over sea, while simultaneously proving that such a wind shear may cause neutral boundary layer roll vortices in the presence of disturbing sources upstream. Without thermal effects, the wind shear-induced waves have band structures at the top of the boundary layer that are similar to cloud street patterns observed over sea. This study proves that dynamic and thermal effects can act independently to initiate the roll vortices in the lower atmosphere. At the same time, a quantitative comparison shows that dynamic effects play a large role in the formation of roll vortices in the initial stage of cold-air outbreak and will be surpassed by thermal effects soon after surface heating commences.
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free), Hard copyTags: Atmosphere ; Mathematical models ; Research ; Wind
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Ensemble Simulations of a Nonlinear Barotropic Model for the North Atlantic Oscillation
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, Volume 3 Number 5. Zhang Dong-Bin; Jin Fei-Fei; Li Jian-Ping; et al. - Science Press, 2010A numerical ensemble-mean approach was employed to solve a nonlinear barotropic model with stochastic basic flows to analyze the nonlinear effects in the formation of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The nonlinear response to external forcing was more similar to the NAO mode than the linear response was, indicating the importance of nonlinearity. With increasing external forcing and enhanced low-frequency anomalies, the effect of nonlinearity increased. Therefore, for strong NAO events, nonlinearity should be considered.
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Available online: http://www.iapjournals.ac.cn/aosl/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=AOSL10052
Dong-Bin Zhang ; Fei-Fei Jin ; Jian-Ping Li ; Rui-Quiang Ding
in Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters > Volume 3 Number 5 (16 September 2010) . - p.277-282A numerical ensemble-mean approach was employed to solve a nonlinear barotropic model with stochastic basic flows to analyze the nonlinear effects in the formation of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The nonlinear response to external forcing was more similar to the NAO mode than the linear response was, indicating the importance of nonlinearity. With increasing external forcing and enhanced low-frequency anomalies, the effect of nonlinearity increased. Therefore, for strong NAO events, nonlinearity should be considered.
Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Free), Hard copyTags: Meteorology ; North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) ; Research ; Numerical simulation
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Hurricane Strike!™
Designed primarily for middle school students and funded by FEMA and the NWS, this module creates a scenario to frame learning activities that focus on hurricane science and safety. Versions are also available for hearing, motor, and visually impaired students, as well as Spanish-speaking students. Over the course of seven days, Hurricane Erin forms in the Atlantic Ocean, crosses the Florida peninsula, and then makes another landfall at Fort Walton Beach. During these days, the learner is introduced to many basic concepts of atmospheric science, climate, and geography, while also learning some ...
Available online: https://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=31
Published by: The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research ; 2010
Designed primarily for middle school students and funded by FEMA and the NWS, this module creates a scenario to frame learning activities that focus on hurricane science and safety. Versions are also available for hearing, motor, and visually impaired students, as well as Spanish-speaking students. Over the course of seven days, Hurricane Erin forms in the Atlantic Ocean, crosses the Florida peninsula, and then makes another landfall at Fort Walton Beach. During these days, the learner is introduced to many basic concepts of atmospheric science, climate, and geography, while also learning some important and possibly life-saving safety and preparedness skills. The module includes several interactive games and activities that address hurricane meteorology and hurricane safety. Teachers and others who use the module for public education will find the "Information for Teachers" section particularly useful. This section provides information about all of the main learning objects in the module, as well as access to them as stand-alone activities. Links to numerous hurricane-related Web sites are also included, as are links to expert advice about helping children deal with trauma. Worksheets that test the learner's understanding of the module's content are provided in this section. Students access a different worksheet each day on the "printer" in the scenario's home office.
Disclaimer regarding 3rd party resources: WMO endeavours to ensure, but cannot and does not guarantee the accuracy, accessibility, integrity and timeliness of the information available on its website. WMO may make changes to the content of this website at any time without notice.
The responsibility for opinions expressed in articles, publications, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and their posting on this website does not constitute an endorsement by WMO of the opinion expressed therein.
WMO shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of the use of its website. Please do not misuse our website.Language(s): English
Format: Digital (Standard Copyright)Tags: Tropical cyclone ; Weather ; Wind ; Hurricane ; Storm surge ; Cyclone ; Lesson/ Tutorial
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Promotion of Wind Energy : lessons Learned from International Experience and UNDP-GEF Projects
UNDP, 2010In order to remove barriers to the development of wind energy, the design of the projects integrates some of the lessons learned from existing successful wind policies. These include the necessity of reviewing the regulatory environment
to offer developers clear and expeditious procedures, the importance of giving developers access to data on wind resources.
and the need to increase awareness of
public authorities, companies and the
public through education and training
programmes.
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Guidelines for converting between various wind averaging periods in tropical cyclone conditions
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Kepert Jeffrey David; Ginger J.D. - WMO, 2010 (WMO/TD-No. 1555)
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S-290 Unit 7: Wind Systems
S-290 Unit 7: Wind Systems outlines general and local winds and their processes. Detailed information is provided about critical fire weather winds, including frontal winds, foehn winds, and thunderstorm winds and the effects of these winds on wildland fires. The module also describes topographic influences on winds, and provides guidelines for estimating winds based on location and fuel sheltering. The module is part of the Intermediate Wildland Fire Behavior Course.
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Introduction to Climatology
This module provides an overview of climatology, the study of climate. The module begins by examining the drivers that combine to create the climate regions of the world—from those at the mesoscale (local) level to those at the synoptic-scale (continental) and global-scale levels. Examples include locally dominant winds, air masses, fronts, ocean currents, Earth’s rotation around the sun, and latitude. Each discussion of a climate driver has an ‘example/exploration’ segment, where the information is applied to several cities. The module also examines a scheme for classifying the world’s climat ...
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North Wall Effects on Winds and Waves
North Wall events refer to high wind and wave events that occur along the north edge of warm, fast, western boundary currents. These events occur along the Gulf Stream off the mid-Atlantic states of the U.S. and along the Kuroshio Current near Japan and Taiwan. This module explores the relationships between atmospheric stability, winds, waves, and ocean currents during North Wall events. Using three different case studies, we examine the relevant aspects of several topics, including the synoptic setting, ocean currents, evolution of the marine boundary layer, growth of ocean waves, and potenti ...
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Winds in the Marine Boundary Layer: A Forecaster's Guide
This module is intended for experienced forecasters moving from a land-based area to a coastal or Great Lakes region where both over-land and over-water forecast areas exist. This module highlights the differences between marine boundary layer and terrestrial boundary layer winds. The experienced forecaster is relatively familiar with the boundary layer over land and the associated implications for the wind field. Using this as a base, the module compares this known quantity with the lesser-known processes that occur in the marine boundary layer. Three major topics that influence marine bounda ...
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JCOMM Technical Report, 33. Techniques and benefits of satellite data in wind and wave models
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Bidlot J.-R.; Abdalla S.; et al. - WMO, 2006 (WMO/TD-No. 1357)This report documents techniques and benefits of satellite data in wind and wave models. It provides an overview of available satellite wind and wave data and their possible usage based on the questionnaire prepared by the Expert Team on Wind Waves and Storm Surges (ETWS) to collect information on Members’ use of wind and wave satellite data, in particular, regarding type of sensor used, satellite name, real time use, product name, data format, provider, areas of concern, purpose of use, quality control and status of the data use. The compilation of the questionnaires’ replies contributes to d ...
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N°25 - Janvier 2005 - Le vent: vues de près, vues de loin
is an issue of Atmosphériques. Météo France, 2005
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Mountain Waves and Downslope Winds
Mountain waves form above and downwind of topographic barriers and frequently pose a serious hazard to mountain aviation because of strong-to-extreme turbulence. This foundation module describes the features of mountain waves and explores the conditions under which they form. Like other foundation modules in the Mesoscale Primer, this module starts with a forecast scenario and concludes with a final exam. Rich graphics, audio narration, and frequent interactions enhance the presentation.
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