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Vol. 67(1) - 2018 - Número especial dedicado al agua
Presentación
por Harry F. Lins y Petteri Taalas, 3
Seguridad hídrica en un clima en cambio
por Michael H. Glantz, 4
El agua en el contexto internacional
por Tommaso Abrate, 9
Celebración del 25o aniversario del WHYCOS
por Michel Jarraud, 11
Gestión de información hidrológica y desarrollo sostenible
por Frédéric Maurel, 13
Caso práctico: ejecución del proyecto IGAD-HYCOS en Uganda
por Nebert Wobusobozi y Leodinous Mwebembezi. .15
Innovaciones en planificación y ges ...
67(1) - 2018 - Numéro spécial: l'eau
Contient:
Préface
Par Harry F. Lins et Petteri Taalas, p.3
Approvisionnement en eau dans le
contexte de l’évolution du climat
Par Michael H. Glantz, p.4
L’action internationale en faveur de l’eau
Par Tommaso Abrate, p.9
Le WHYCOS fête ses 25 ans
Par Michel Jarraud, p.11
Gestion de l’information hydrologique et développement durable
Par Frédéric Maurel, p.13
Étude de cas: mise en oeuvre du projet IGAD-HYCOS en Ouganda
Par N ...
Vol. 67(1) - 2018 - Special issue on Water
Contains:
Preface
By Harry F. Lins and Petteri Taalas, p.3
Water Security in a Changing Climate
By Michael H. Glantz, p.4
Water in the International Framework
By Tommaso Abrate, p.9
Celebrating 25 Years of WHYCOS
By Michel Jarraud, p.11
Management of Hydrological Information and Sustainable Development
By Frédéric Maurel, p.13
Case Study: Implementation of the IGAD‑HYCOS Project in Uganda
By Nebert Wobusobozi and Leodinous Mwebemb ...
National Water Model, Part 1: Science and Products
This lesson provides an introduction to the benefits, important input (forcing data), and key products of the National Water Model. Both official and evolving products are presented. The lesson uses the flooding associated with Hurricane Harvey in August 2017 to demonstrate key products.
Operational Environmental Monitoring Applications using the Community Satellite Processing Package (CSPP)
This resource demonstrates the variety of satellite imagery and products accessible through the Community Satellite Processing Package (CSPP). Two videos, the first focused on imagery applications and the second on microwave applications, provide an overview of the types of weather and environmental information available through CSPP. Using CSPP, forecasters and others needing timely access to data can download and display imagery and products from Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) instruments. The resource provides some background information for obtaining and using the CSPP software, which ...
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Handbook collection. Public Information and Warnings Handbook
The effective communication of public information and warnings is a critical element of emergency management, with the power to save lives. This handbook provides insight and guidance to people who have responsibility for communication with the public in the event of an emergency. The handbook presents nationally agreed principles for warning policy and practice and explores the essential elements and discipline of effective public information and warning delivery.
This handbook is designed to be of value across a wide range of hazards. Whether it is a natural hazard or weather ...
Met 101: Basic Weather Processes
This lesson provides an overview of basic weather processes, beginning with how the distribution of incoming solar energy helps to establish Earth’s atmospheric circulations. Learners will gain an understanding of the differences between weather and climate, and how Earth’s winds tend to have dominant patterns determined by region. An introduction to atmospheric stability, clouds, precipitation processes, and thunderstorm characteristics is also included, along with an introduction to weather impacts affecting aviation operations.
Using the Hydrologic Ensemble Forecast Service (HEFS)
The lesson is intended to help NOAA's National Weather Service facilitate forecasters' use of ensemble forecast information in hydrology. The lesson provides information about the benefits and limitations of the Hydrologic Ensemble Forecast Service (HEFS), explains the sources of uncertainty (meteorological inputs and hydrologic modeling), and demonstrates how to interpret a HEFS product for hydrologic analysis and forecasting.
Diagnosis of floods/drought and their associated circulation anomaly over Malawi
Floods and droughts are one of extreme weather climatic events that result in loss of life and property in Malawi. However, a well detailed knowledge of understanding of previous extreme climatic events and their associated impacts can be a precautionary in reducing their impacts, as it will help to project future events timely. Therefore this paper presents an analysis of Dec-Feb seasonal flood/drought events and their associated circulation anomalies over Malawi. The DJF seasonal flood/drought was studied using monthly data from 9 selected stations for the period of 1978-2010. A set of regio ...
Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 1: Climate Variability and Change
Climate is changing at unprecedented rates in recorded history. A variety of lines of evidence demonstrate that climate change is likely to affect the hydrologic cycle and thus create new challenges in water management. This requires that climate change information be included in water and water-related resources planning, operations, and management. Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 1: Climate Variability and Change describes the terminology, global evidence, regional manifestations, and basic science of global climate variability and anthropogenic change, with a focus on water res ...
Climate Variability and Change for Water Resources Management - International Edition
Climate is changing at unprecedented rates in recorded history. A variety of lines of evidence demonstrate that climate change is likely to affect the hydrologic cycle and thus create new challenges in water management. This requires that climate change information be included in water and water-related resources planning, operations, and management. Climate Variability and Change for Water Resources Management - International Edition describes the terminology, global evidence, regional manifestations, and basic science of global climate variability and anthropogenic change, with a focus on wa ...
Flash Flood Guidance System (FFGS) with global coverage
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United States Agency for International Development (USAID); et al. - WMO, 2016Flash Flood Guidance System with global coverage (Res 21, Cg-XV) enhances early warning capabilities of the NMHSs, currently covers fifty two (52) countries and more than two billion people around the world saving lives and decreasing economic losses.
Projection of Future Streamflow Changes in the Pearl River Basin
Global climate change is remarkably changing the climatic patterns of the Pearl River basin and are significantly impacting the hydrological processes. Projection of future climate change impacts on steamflow variation is potential to provide scientific guidelines for sustainable water resources management and effective prevention and control for flood and drought disasters. In this study, a hydrological modeling system for assessing climate change impacts on runoffin the Pearl River basin was established and were used to simulate historical hydrological process and to project future streamflo ...
Система оценки риска возникновения быстроразвивающихся паводков (СОРВБП) с глобальным охватом
Всемирная Метеорологическая Организация (BMO); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United States Agency for International Development (USAID); et al. - BMO, 2016Система оценки риска возникновения быстроразвивающихся паводков (СОРВБП) с глобальным охватом (резолюция 21, Кг-XV) расширяет возможности НМГС для заблаговременного предупреждения, охватывает сейчас 52 страны и более двух миллиардов человек во всем мире, спасая жизни и снижая экономические потери.
Sistema guía para crecidas repentinas (FFGS) con cobertura mundial
Organización Meteorológica Mundial (OMM); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United States Agency for International Development (USAID); et al. - OMM, 2016El Sistema Guía para Crecidas Repentinas con cobertura mundial (Resolución 21, Cg-XV) dota a los Servicios Meteorológicos e Hidrológicos Nacionales de mejores capacidades de alerta temprana y abarca en la actualidad a 52 países y a más de 2 000 millones de personas en todo el mundo, salvando vidas y reduciendo pérdidas económicas.
Système d’indications relatives aux crues éclair (FFGS) - A couverture mondiale
Organisation météorologique mondiale (OMM); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United States Agency for International Development (USAID); et al. - OMM, 2016Le Système d’indications relatives aux crues éclair à couverture mondiale (Résolution 21, Cg-XV) vise à renforcer l’aptitude des SMHN à émettre des alertes précoces. Il couvre actuellement cinquante-deux (52) pays et plus de deux milliards de personnes dans le monde, et permet de sauver des vies et de réduire les pertes économiques.
Overview of Watershed and Channel Sedimentation
This lesson provides an overview of the primary influences of watershed and channel sedimentation. In a short narrated portion of the lesson, we explore a section of the Rio Grande watershed and channel in New Mexico using Google Earth imagery, river profiles, and graphic animations. We highlight features of the upland catchments, the river channel, and the Elephant Butte Reservoir. We then demonstrate how environmental factors (climate, geography, land use changes, reservoirs) impact the supply and movement of sediments for the Rio Grande and other rivers. The focus is on the three primary pr ...
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 23. Health and Sanitation Aspects of Flood Management
Flood events are known for their profound capacity to positively or negatively affect humans. Floods improve overall human well-being by providing services such as groundwater recharge, surface-water replenishment, soil-fertility enhancement and a general increase in the value of social–ecological systems. Equally, however, flood events pose a series of diverse health threats, ranging from contaminated water sources to decreased agricultural productivity, especially when communities are vulnerable and lack the capacity to effectively respond to, and recover from, the adverse effects of floods. ...
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 22. The role of the media in flood management
Communication is the imparting or exchange of information between individuals or groups through a common system of symbols, signs or behaviour (Merriam-Webster, 2013a; Oxford Dictionaries, 2013). In recent decades, different conceptual models have been developed to explain the process of human communication. One of the best representations of the flow of information in flood communication is the Interactional Communication Model proposed by Schramm (Schramm, 1954).
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 21. Effectiveness of flood management measures
It is not enough to assert—to an elected official, a regulator, a donor organization or the taxpayer—that one’s organization is doing an effective job of flood management. One also has to be able to provide a credible answer to the question: “How do you know?” 2 There is a multiplicity of flood management activities that can be pursued by a plethora of government jurisdictions, government agencies, NGOs, private and volunteer groups— independently, in cooperation, in competition. These activities may include: constructing flood prevention infrastructure; rebuilding houses, buildings and infras ...
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Disaster risk programme to strengthen resilience in the dry corridor in Central America
This document presents an overview on the impact of the Dry Corridor phenomenon in Central America, and the work the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) - in collaboration with its partners - is doing to support countries to increase disaster resilience of households, communities and institutions.
Asia-Pacific Disaster Report 2015: Disasters without borders - Regional resilience for sustainable development
This flagship publication of UN ESCAP provides an overview of the state of disaster resilience in Asia-Pacific region, and places disaster risk reduction at the heart of sustainable development. It identifies emerging new risks in the region and the sectors that are most at risk.
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Reflections on the current debate on how to link flood insurance and disaster risk reduction in the European Union
This paper investigates if and how current EU policies influence flood insurance. While the question of supply and demand is at the core of the debate, the authors argue that another key dimension is often overlooked: how to use insurance as a lever for risk reduction and prevention efforts.
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Refining the historical flood series for Ba, Fiji
This report extends, reviews and explains in detail the historical flood series for the Ba River at Ba, Fiji. It is the longest quantitative flood series for a river in Fiji, describing 32 floods that have inundated Rarawai Sugar Mill over the 123‐year period from 1892 to 2014, at an average of once every 3.8 years. The accuracy of each flood level is assessed, with 56% of these floods deemed to have a high rating and 34% a medium‐high or medium rating. Flood levels for 12 lesser floods are also estimated. This extended and verified flood series provides the basis for forthcoming statistical a ...
Urban flooding of Greater Dhaka in a changing climate: building local resilience to disaster risk
World Bank, 2015This study’s overall aim is to provide local decision-makers an effective planning approach for minimizing the damage risk of rainfall-induced urban flooding in Dhaka in a changing climate. Specific objectives are to assess the vulnerability of the Greater Dhaka area to urban flooding and waterlogging, estimate probable economic damage due to climate change, develop structural adaptation measures, evaluate the reduction in economic damage resulting from implementing these measures, and estimate their cost.
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Beyond Katrina: lessons in creating resilient communities
Wharton Risk Management and Decision Processes Center (Risk Center) ; Zurich Insurance Group Limited - Zurich Insurance Group Limited, 2015This white paper explores the lessons learned from Katrina and how the recovery in New Orleans inspired the creation of new methods of building resilience. The paper identifies a number of critical areas to keep stakeholders aligned, including prioritizing flooding as the paramount risk, devoting more resources to preventive measures rather than post-event disaster relief, and overcoming current infrastructure vulnerabilities. The paper also offers first steps and tactics to help assess and address communities at risk, and ways to improve the affordability of risk-based disaster insurance.
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Malawi 2015 floods post disaster needs assessment report
Malawi - government, 2015The PDNA report indicates that the Malawi 2015 floods affected 1,101,364 people, displaced 230,000 and killed 106 people. The assessment focuses on medium to long term reconstruction and provides the guiding principles for recovery, including assessment of the damage, losses, and recovery and reconstruction strategies for each sector are provided in detailed sector.
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Managing flood and coastal erosion risk : April 2014 to March 2015
The report describes the extensive work undertaken by all risk management authorities to (i) manage the risks from flooding and coastal erosion, (ii) achieve the objectives of the National Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management (FCERM) Strategy for England, (iii) plan for future flood and coastal erosion risk. It also reports how lead local flood authorities have progressed on their local strategies and asset registers.
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Global estimates 2015: people displaced by disasters
Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC); Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) - Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, 2015This annual report draws on information from a wide range of sources, including governments, UN and international organisations, NGOs and media, to provide up-to-date figures and analysis on displacement caused by disasters associated with rapid-onset geophysical and weather-related hazards such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, floods and storms. The report, the sixth of its kind, aims to equip governments, local authorities, civil society organisations and international and regional institutions with evidence relevant to these key post-2015 agenda.
Flood risk assessment report 2015
The report identifies 606 riverine flood risk category-1 and 1,770 risk category-2 prone Union Councils of Pakistan using the hi-tech and low-cost analytical tools and capabilities of the Alhasan Systems, a development company. This national level exercise is followed by a detailed profile of Union Council Haibat of District Kashmore, Sindh to exhibit what is achievable at such scale for not only enhanced damage/needs assessments, but also long-term disaster risk management and development exercises.
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The financial management of flood risk: an international review - lessons learned from flood management programs in G8 countries
This paper examines best practices and available models for managing the financial impact of floods. The paper (i) identifies key issues specific to flood risk management, (ii) evaluates international experience with public and private flood insurance programs, and (iii) draws out lessons for Canada’s approach to the financial management of flood risk and the role of insurance.
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Country profile: Nepal - disaster management institution and system in Nepal
The report provides an overview of the disaster risk reduction and management in Nepal, a country under threat of multiple natural hazards: earthquakes, floods, landslides, fires, storms, the epidemics, and others. It presents background information on the country, its disaster profile, its legal and institutional framework, the country's achievements in regards to the Hyogo Framework for Action, and looks at the challenges and future steps in the area of disaster management in Nepal.
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German contributions to the World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction
This document explains the contributions of German institutions and organizations to develop flood risk management plans by December 2015 that outline plans for the implementation of prevention, protection and preparedness measures. The document mentions the importance for Germany to review preliminary flood risk assessment by December 2018, flood hazard and risk maps by December 2019, and flood risk management plans by December 2021 and every six years thereafter.
The document also explains the contribution of Germany to the expert symposium on multi-hazard early warning system ...
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Understanding drought in India: Southasiadisasters.net issue no. 127, March 2015
This report emphasizes that governments at all levels must provide their agencies with the authority and resources required to fulfill their disaster preparedness responsibilities and provincial and federal governments must provide further funding assistance to help empower local authorities. It explains that organizations outside of government as well as the public have preparedness responsibilities which they must come to understand, accept and fulfil. In addition, the report touches upon several recommendations which can be used by governments to successfully work towards better preparednes ...
Water for a sustainable world: the UN world water development report 2015
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); UN Water - United Nations, 2015The report elaborates upon the future of water towards 2050 by describing how water supports healthy and prosperous human communities, including through measures that reduce vulnerability and improve resilience to water-related disasters such as flood and drought management approaches, maintains well-functioning ecosystems and ecological services, and provides a cornerstone for short and long-term economic development.
It provides an overview of the challenges, issues and trends in terms of water resources, their use and water-related services like water supply and sanitation, a ...
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Mapping of stakeholders and initiatives on early warning systems in Myanmar
Malteser International, 2015This study aims to analyze national and international stakeholders and their initiatives in Early Warning Systems in Myanmar, to identify priority gaps that need to be addressed by all stakeholders. It is presented as a first step towards supporting GoUM in information-gathering under the Myanmar Action Plan for Disaster Risk Reduction (MAPDRR), in particular under Components (2) Risk Assessment, (3) Multi-hazard Early Warning System and (4) Preparedness at all levels, and especially in implementing Sub-Component (3.4) Enhanced Flood Monitoring and Forecasting Capacities at Township Levels.
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Recommendations for the post-2015 Hyogo Framework for Action (HFAII) : calling for increased attention to the need for integrated water and wetland management to reduce disaster risk
This paper summarizes a set of recommendations on wetlands for inclusion in the post-2015 HFA, calling for increased attention to the need for integrated water and wetland management to reduce disaster risk. It argues that emerging trends in disaster risks underline the need to consider the role of water and wetland management as important elements of disaster risk reduction and risk management strategy as wetlands are crucial in regulating the water cycle by reducing peak flood flows, storing excessive precipitation or recharging groundwater.
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Rapidly assessing flood damage in Uttarakhand, India
This brochure is part of a series highlighting the World Bank's achievements in disaster risk management initiatives. It reports on the Joint Rapid Damage Needs Assessment (JRDNA) conducted immediately in the aftermath of the 2013 monsoons, which triggered the collapse of a glacial lake dam and causing heavy flooding and landslides that claimed upwards of 4,000 lives and affected nearly a million people. This brochure describes the approach taken in recovering from to these events and offers lessons learned.
Establishment and Operation of a Flood Information System in the Hindu Kush Himalayas “Making information travel faster than floods”, HKH HYCOS User Phase 2015-2019 : Project Document
International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 2014Submitted to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Government of Finland by International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), Kathmandu, Nepal
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Natural catastrophes and man-made disasters in 2013
This issue presents an overview, both global and regional, of the catastrophes that occurred in 2013 and their impacts in terms of number of victims and economic and insured losses. It includes a chapter on fostering climate change resilience, which argues that dealing with climate change requires a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions alongside an integrated approach to disaster risk management and describes how cost-effective adaptation measures could avoid up to 68% of climate change risks. It also focuses on Typhoon Haiyan, which was the biggest humanitarian catastrophe of the year.
Turn down the heat: confronting the new climate normal
World Bank the - World Bank, 2014This report focuses on the risks of climate change to development in Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East and North Africa, and parts of Europe and Central Asia. For each region, the report addresses the regional patterns of climate change, such as heat extremes, extreme precipitation, droughts, tropical cyclones/hurricanes, and sea-level rise.
Building on earlier Turn Down the Heat reports, this new scientific analysis examines the likely impacts of present day (0.8°C), 2°C and 4°C warming above pre-industrial temperatures on agricultural production, water resource ...
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Evaluating ecosystem-based adaptation for Disaster Risk Reduction in Fiji
This report documents an assessment of disaster risk reduction for flooding in the Ba and Penang River catchments in Viti Levu, Fiji to identify the most cost-effective management options for communities and households. The analysis accounted for the biophysical and socioeconomic impacts of flooding, the costs, benefits, and feasibility of management, and the potential impacts of climate change. The report highlights that natural disasters such as hurricanes, cyclones, and tropical depressions cause average annual direct losses of US$284 million in the Pacific region – the highest in the world ...
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Analysis of disaster risk management in Colombia: a contribution to the creation of public policies
World Bank, 2013This document evaluates the progress of risk management in Colombia proposes recommendations that will enable the Government to set up public policies in this area on a short-and long-term basis. It defines a set of recommendations so that disaster risk management becomes a State policy, emphasizing that improving land use and land occupation conditions is a priority in reducing the impact of disasters. The technical analysis included in the report is intended for those responsible for implementing disaster risk management policies, as well as professionals, researchers, and experts in the sub ...
Rethinking disaster risk management and climate change adaptation
Howes Michael; National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility (NCCARF) - Griffith University, 2013This report investigates impacts of climate change, population growth, and urban coastal development on Australian environment, economy, and society, particularly in relation to bushfire and flood. The report aims to develop the foundations for a nationally consistent approach to disaster risk management and climate change adaptation that would be supported by a set of appropriate reforms to governing institutions and tools.
This is the final report of a research project entitled "The Right Tool for the Job: Achieving climate change adaptation outcomes through improved disaster ...
Six steps to flood resilience: guidance for local authorities and professionals
University of Manchester, 2013This guide introduces the concept of local flood risk management and outlines a six step process for local officials to find and implement effective adaptation policies and strategies. The guide is divided into sections based on the six steps, which include mapping and assessing risk, selecting the appropriate method of adaptation, implementation of the flood management plans, and long-term maintenance. At the end of each section there is guidance on recommended information resources.
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Working with nature: towards integrated approaches to disaster risk reduction
This document addresses the often complex underlying causes of risk and calls for better integration of approaches to disaster risk reduction, bringing together expertise from relevant sectors and making optimal use of the natural protection provided by ecosystems. It considers floods, coastal defences and hybrid engineering.
Caribbean Radar Cases
This module presents radar case studies taken from events in the Caribbean that highlight radar signatures of severe weather. These cases include examples of deep convection, squall lines, bow echoes, tornadoes, and heavy rain resulting in flooding. Each case study includes a discussion of the conceptual models of each type of event as a review before showing the radar signatures and allowing the learner to analyze each one.
Tropical Mesoscale Convective Systems
Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) occur globally and can account for significant percentages of the annual precipitation in some locations. MCSs are responsible for flooding as well as damaging surface winds in some instances. Thus, it is important for forecasters to understand when, where, and how MCSs develop and maintain themselves. This module covers all modes of MCSs with a strong focus on the tropics and the different aspects that brings to MCS development, maintenance, and structure. It describes conceptual models of MCSs and the dynamical and physical processes that influence their e ...
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 20. Flood Mapping
Flood Maps are tools to visualize flood information for decision makers and the general public. These maps form the basis for developing flood risk scenarios based on land use, various environmental and climate conditions and including social and economic conditions. Flood maps in their various formats and scales are the basis for the planning and implementation of development alternatives. In addition to the general objective of a flood map, special uses require specific information including maps that depict exposure to floods of various recurrence periods, flood risks, vulnerability and res ...
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 19. Flood Forecasting and Early Warning
Flood forecasting and early warning is carried out to reduce risks in flood prone areas. This tool is tailored for use when decision‐makers need to establish an effective overview of the flood situation, provide timely and accurate early warnings and flood forecasting services to a variety of users. Many countries have already integrated flood forecasting and early warning measures into their local and national emergency planning systems. This tool provides a concise overview of concepts and approaches in flood forecasting and early warning that help flood managers and practitioners to develop ...
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 18. Transboundary Flood Management
As floods do not recognize borders, transboundary flood risk management is imperative in shared river basins, involving both Governments – as borders are involved – and their people – as risk is involved. However, transboundary flood management is not easy to implement, as joint monitoring, forecasting and early warning, coordinated risk assessment and joint planning of measures, and appropriate legal and institutional frameworks are all necessary. The tool on transboundary aspects of flood management focuses on common problems, objectives and approaches of flood management in transboundary ba ...
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 17. Coastal and Delta Flood Management
Coastal flood hazards are diverse (storm surges, tsunamis, tropical storms, seiches etc.) and are highly unpredictable. A profound understanding of these hazards, their mechanisms and potential impacts is therefore indispensable in order to derive an appropriate risk management response.
Such response should be selected from the widest range of measures and policies possible, taking due account of the inherent uncertainties both with respect to the probability of hazard and evolving socioeconomic developments.
This Tool paper aims at providing practical guidance to flood ...
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 08. Risk Sharing in Flood Management
Flood managers have traditionally focused on structural interventions that, in the majority of cases have succeeded only in shifting impacts downstream or upstream. Meanwhile, however, the analytical tools for flood risk assessment and risk management practices offer a far greater variety of options. The Tool introduces the topic based on a judicious combination of measures that address risk reduction, risk retention and risk transfer through a strategic mix of structural and non-structural measures for flood preparedness, response and recovery. Risk reduction options also include the question ...
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 03. Applying Environmental Assessment for Flood Management
This tool provides flood management practitioners a generic approach for integrating environmental considerations into the decision-making processes in basin flood management on project as well as strategic levels. As such, it provides generic approaches for conducting Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEA) at the basin flood management planning stage and Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) at the project design and implementation stage.
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 02. Conducting Flood Loss Assessments
This tool sets out to provide for the operational level a lead-in on available concepts and methods to assess flood losses for three major purposes: the activation and facilitation of local and external help, the formulation of recovery plans, and long-term development planning and policy reform in the realm of flood management. The second edition of the Tool incorporates recent developments in flood loss assessment and techniques across the world, such as examples of practiced assessment case studies from Czech Republic, Japan, Madagascar and Nepal.
Best practices for reducing the risk of future damage to homes from riverine and urban flooding
This paper sets out 12 recommendations on actions the Government of Alberta can take to reduce the risk of flood damage to homes. It was prepared at the request of the Insurance Bureau of Canada following the flooding in southern Alberta in June 2013, which resulted in four fatalities and unprecedented damage to property. Using this window of opportunity, the paper demonstrates that most disaster damage can be prevented through the application of existing and emerging knowledge about building disaster resilient communities and invites the Government of Alberta and other stakeholders to take ac ...
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CDP cities 2013: summary report on 110 global cities
2013This report present CDP, C40 and AECOM latest results from the third consecutive year of climate change reporting for cities. The data presented in the report conveys information about every aspect of climate change measurement and management in cities, including risks such as temperature increase/heatwaves, frequent/intense rainfall, drought, storms/flooding and sea level rise, and adaptation. It is intended to provide city governments with information and insights in order to assist their work in tackling the challenge of climate change.
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Cost benefit studies on disaster risk reduction in developing countries
Shyam K.C.; Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery, the ; World Bank the - World Bank, 2013This note briefly surveys existing evidence in developing countries with regard to the benefits and costs of various disaster risk reduction interventions so as to provide some general lessons for disaster risk reduction (DRR) practitioners on the strengths and limitations of such existing work. In doing so, the note examines evidence on the economics of DRR in developing countries.
The note begins by providing a comparative guideline for analysis. This is followed by a summary diagnostic of seventeen case studies along five key dimensions comprising the guideline as follows: ( ...
The Effectiveness of flood management
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Associated Programme on Flood Management (APFM); Sayers and Partners - WMO, 2013This case study, which is a part of wider scope Tool “Effectiveness of Flood Management,” summarizes flood management approaches and policies adopted in England. The study introduces the national framework of flood management policies and the roles of flood related organizations. For better and efficient management, England has been taking a risk based approach to flood management for years, including systematic benefit cost analysis and project appraisal. Adaptive approach to cope with emerging climate change issues is also becoming a mainstream management strategy.
Integrated flood management tools series, 17. Coastal and delta flood management
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Associated Programme on Flood Management (APFM); Global Water Partnership (GWP) - WMO, 2013Coastal flood hazards are diverse (storm surges, tsunamis, tropical storms, seiches etc.) and are highly unpredictable. A profound understanding of these hazards, their mechanisms and potential impacts is therefore indispensable in order to derive an appropriate risk management response.
Such response should be selected from the widest range of measures and policies possible, taking due account of the inherent uncertainties both with respect to the probability of hazard and evolving socioeconomic developments.
This Tool paper aims at providing practical guidance to flood ...
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Disaster risk reduction and livelihoods
FIC, 2013This study seeks to improve the overall knowledge of the relationship between disaster risk reduction (DRR) and livelihood strategies, to improve the understanding and gaps in knowledge, practice, and policy, and to improve the impact of donor-funded DRR programs carried out by implementing agencies. The report is organized as follows: (i) a comprehensive literature review on existing DRR practices is included, identifying gaps that should be explored in future research; (ii) the Haiti case study explores financial resilience in urban settings; (iii) the Nepal case study looks at traditional D ...
Status of disaster risk management: plans for floods, hurricanes and drought in the agriculture sector - a Caribbean perspective
FAO, 2013This report presents the findings of a study commissioned by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to review the status of development and implementation of disaster risk management (DRM) plans for the agriculture sector throughout the Caribbean. The report is divided into four sections: (i) the first section introduces the background of the region, the Hyogo Framework for Action, and the methodology and objective of the study; (ii) section two reviews the status of disaster risk management (DRM) strategies in the agricultural sector, highlighting the participation ...
Recent trends in and preparedness for extreme weather events: final report
This document is the final report of a Senate inquiry by the Environment and Communications References Committee looking at Australia’s extreme weather and asking if the country is ready. It looks at any emerging trends on the frequency of extreme weather events. Based on evidence on future projections of such events and on global warming scenarios of between 1C and 5C by 2070, the inquiry looks at the costs of extreme weather events and their impacts on ecosystems, infrastructure and human health. It also examines the “availability and affordability” of private insurance in disaster-prone are ...
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Recent extremes of drought and flooding in Amazonia: vulnerabilities and human adaptation: In American Journal of Climate Change (2013, 2)
This guide introduces the concept of local flood risk management and outlines a six step process for local officials to find and implement effective adaptation policies and strategies. The guide is divided into sections based on the six steps, which include mapping and assessing risk, selecting the appropriate method of adaptation, implementation of the flood management plans, and long-term maintenance. At the end of each section there is guidance on recommended information resources.
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From disaster to renewal: the centrality of business recovery to community resilience
RAI, 2013This document is the summary of the findings of Griffith University, which was commissioned by the Regional Australia Institute (RAI) to examine the experiences and learnings arising from the communities that have experienced the challenges of recovering from and adapting to the impact of disasters. Four case studies were undertaken to research communities recovering from disasters such as cyclones, floods and bushfires.
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Securing the future availability and affordability of home insurance in areas of flood risk
This consultation seeks the Government of the United Kingdom's views on proposals for securing the availability and affordability of flood insurance in areas of flood risk. The consultation is divided into ten sections: (i) section one introduces the geographical extent covered by the document and the purpose of the consultation; (ii) section two describes the background of flood risk in the UK, current availabilities of insurance, and the government's objectives in creating flood insurance policy for the UK; (iii) section three explains the current actions taken by the UK Government toward in ...
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Topics geo natural catastrophes 2012: analyses, assessments, positions
Munich-Re, 2013This report shows that the natural catastrophe statistics for 2012 were largely dominated by atmospheric events, with no catastrophic earthquakes. Due to a number of major weather-related catastrophes, including severe tornado outbreaks in the spring and a record drought in the US Midwest, the USA accounted for an exceptionally high proportion of natural catastrophes. However, Russia also experienced unusually hot, dry conditions, and vast tracts of land were devastated by wildfires.
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Sierra Leone youth-led community-based disaster risk reduction
YCI, 2013This report summarizes lessons learnt from the Y Care International supported Sierra Leone YMCA project to carry out a disaster risk reduction (DRR) pilot project in two urban slum communities of Freetown in 2012. The project is a good example of youth participation in DRR, collaboration with other agencies, and learning through research on youth volunteerism. The aim of this pilot project was to learn the best ways of reducing the risk of disasters such as flooding and cholera in urban slum communities of Freetown through involving young people in preparing for, carrying out activities to red ...
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Flood risk management in Europe: similarities and differences between the STAR-FLOOD consortium countries
Utrecht University, 2013This report highlights the main similarities and differences between flood risk management strategies (FRMSs) and flood risk governance arrangements (FRGAs) in the 6 STAR-FLOOD consortium countries: the UK, Belgium, France, The Netherlands, Poland and Sweden. The report derives 8 themes which relate to the differences discovered between the countries: (i) the countries’ baseline situation in terms of their actual flood experiences; (ii) designated competent authorities and the actual competences that actors have for implementing flood risk management strategies; (iii) resources for flood risk ...
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Flood risk management in Europe: the flood problem and interventions
Utrecht University, 2013This report investigates the nature of the flood risk problem and the path to flood risk governance in 18 vulnerable urban regions in 6 European countries: the UK, Belgium, France, The Netherlands, Poland and Sweden. The report summarizes current thinking on the nature of the flood problem, the intended objectives, and the appropriate courses of action.
This report is the first in a series of four which were compiled by the STAR-FLOOD project.
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Flood risk management in Europe: European flood regulation
Utrecht University, 2013This report focuses on the issue of European flood regulation, including issues related to mandatory flood risks assessments, flood risk maps, flood risk management plans, the involvement of the public and stakeholders, the science-policy interface, and uncertainties related to climate change. The report identifies the challenges and knowledge gaps regarding the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Floods Directive (FD).
This report is the third in a series of four which were compiled by the STAR-FLOOD project.
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FAO disaster risk reduction brief: West Bank and Gaza Strip
FAO, 2013This brief focuses on the key disaster risk reduction (DRR) activities that the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) carries out in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip (WBGS). It seeks to give an overview of FAO's DRR strategy and briefly describe their activities in WBGS to protect livelihoods from shocks, to make food production systems more resilient and more capable of absorbing the impact of, and recovering from, disruptive events, such as floods, droughts, earthquakes, animal and plants pests and diseases.
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Ensuring robust flood risk management in Ho Chi Minh city
Ho Chi Minh City faces significant and growing flood risk. Recent risk reduction efforts may be insufficient as climate and socio-economic conditions diverge from projections made when those efforts were initially planned. This study demonstrates how robust decision making can help Ho Chi Minh City develop integrated flood risk management strategies in the face of such deep uncertainty. Robust decision making is an iterative, quantitative, decision support methodology designed to help policy makers identify strategies that are robust, that is, satisfying decision makers' objectives in many pla ...
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GIZ training on flood risk management in cities
Germany - Government, 2013This paper addresses the growing risks of flooding in cities and presents GIZ's expertise in the domain. It introduces hazards involved in urban flooding and describes the main contents of the GIZ training course for urban flood risk management. It also includes a case study examining flood risk and governance in Vietnam. The paper was developed by the working group for Water and Sanitation in Asia.
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Urbanization and climate change impacts on future urban flooding in Can Tho city, Vietnam: In Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 17
Huong H.T.L.; Pathirana A. - 2013Urban development increases flood risk in cities due to local changes in hydrological and hydrometeorological conditions that increase flood hazard, as well as to urban concentrations that increase the vulnerability. The relationship between the increasing urban runoff and flooding due to increased imperviousness is better perceived than that between the cyclic impact of urban growth and the urban rainfall via microclimatic changes. The large-scale, global impacts due to climate variability and change could compound these risks. We present the case of a typical third world city – Can Tho (the ...
Flood Risk Management: A Strategic Approach
ADB, 2013Over recent decades the concept of flood risk management has been cultivated across the globe. Implementation however remains stubbornly difficult to achieve. In part this reflects the perception that a risk management paradigm is more complex than a more traditional standard-based approach as it involves "whole systems" and "whole life" thinking; yet this is its main strength and a prerequisite for more integrated and informed decision making.
This book is the result of a collaborative effort between the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), the General Institute of Water Resources ...
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Application of remote sensing and GIS for flood hazard management: a case study from Sindh Province, Pakistan: In American Journal of Geographic Information System, 2013 2(1)
This study assesses the flood vulnerability of Pakistan's Sindh Province using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The study is organized into five sections: (i) the first section introduces the region and the natural hazards present; (ii) section two defines the study's objectives and explains the methodology; (iii) section three presents the findings; (iv) and section four concludes the paper by asserting the utility of mapping in flood risk assessments.
JCOMM Meeting Report, 103. Expert Team on Waves and Coastal Hazards Forecasting Systems, 4th Session : final report
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2013
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Adaptation inspiration book: 22 implemented cases of local climate change adaptation to inspire European citizens
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Factsheet: overview of disaster risk reduction in the Arab region
UNDP, 2013This publication provides a short overview of disaster risk reduction in the Arab region. It focuses on the major risks, why in particular cities are at risk and what are the drivers of disaster risk in the region. Further, the factsheet provides information about the achievements and challenges for the future.
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Preparing for the rising tide
This report discusses current models prediction that Boston will experience up to two feet of sea level rise by 2050 and up to six feet by 2100, and it provides vulnerability analyses for Boston Harbor and time-phased preparedness plans for Boston’s long and central wharves and UMass Boston campus to increase their resilience to coastal flooding over time.
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Pounds of prevention, a disaster risk reduction story: focus on Guatemala
This edition focuses on the accomplishments in strengthening the ability of 27 remote Guatemalan communities to prepare for and respond to disasters. Among its many accomplishments, the program has facilitated the creation of a dedicated office to manage all facets of municipal risk management. The committed and trained staff members serve as liaisons to government officials, oversee risk reduction projects, manage emergency shelters, coordinate with local police and fire departments, and plug into the wider national emergency response system to ensure the effectiveness of all related investme ...
Case studies on flash flood risk management in the himalayas : in support of specific flash flood policies
ICIMOD, 2013This publication contains a summary of each of eight case studies in the Hindu Kush Himalayan region, as well as an overview of the status of flash flood risk management in the region and a list of regional recommendations to be brought to the attention of policy makers.
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When disasters and conflicts collide: improving links between disaster resilience and conflict prevention
This report focuses on the links between conditions of vulnerability and risks associated with the nexus of natural disasters, conflict and fragility. It also recognises that any given context will be mired by an even more complex array of intersecting risks. For example, in 2011, drought, and food and political insecurity in East Africa contributed to a full-scale humanitarian crisis. A combination of natural hazards, conflict and fragility provided a recipe for human suffering.
Investing in resilience: ensuring a disaster-resistant future
NCCARF, 2013This report examines the impacts on the built environment of increased intensities in weather-related natural hazard events, in order to identify the possibilities of using the regulatory mechanisms of building construction, housing insurance and planning in climate change adaptation. The research findings are restricted to these three aspects of the built environment, and further concentrated on adaptation responses that may be required in mitigation of the impacts of three types of hazards; tropical cyclones, floods and bushfires. Adaptation of the built environment to climate change is pred ...
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Flood insurance: Participation of Indian tribes in federal and private programs
This report addresses the low participation of Indian's tribes, some of which being at high risk of flooding, in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) and its three components: (1) the provision of flood insurance, (2) a requirement that participating communities adopt and enforce floodplain management regulations, and (3) the identification and mapping of floodplains.
IRGSC working paper, 03. Conceptualizing an established network of a community based flood early warning system: Case of Jakarta
This paper conceptualizes the established practice of a real world flood warning system and uses social network analysis in visualizing the transmission of flood warning messages in Cawang, Jakarta. It also contributes to the academic literature concerning the innovation in early warning systems research.
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The evolution of risk and vulnerability in Greater Jakarta: contesting government policy in dealing with a megacity’s exposure to flooding
IRGSC, 2013This paper highlights the development of Jakarta and its social-economic-environmental vulnerability. The paper uses formal statistical data, flood historical data and secondary sources to examine the evolution of flood risks in Jakarta over the last three decades. It asks what the main factors that contribute to the evolution of risks in Jakarta are and highlights the poor connection between government policy related to flood control and metropolitan development. It recommends fundamental reform in the existing megacity planning in order to anticipate future climate extremes.
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Homeowners guide to flood resilience
RAB Consultants, Ltd., 2013This study addresses the recognised gap between what climate science can currently provide and what end users of that information require in order to make robust adaptation decisions about their climate related risks. It identifies five key contributing factors to the gap: (i) uncertainty in climate science; (ii) cognitive bias and challenges of interdisciplinary research; (iii) (mis)understanding and (mis)use of key terminology; (iv) communication (or lack of); and (v) non-climatic influences.
The study aims to bridge this gap between end user needs and science capability by b ...
Charting new waters: state of watershed payments 2012
This report tracks a rich and diverse portfolio of programs around the world that have found creative ways to finance safe drinking water and instream supplies and to address water risks and dependencies, such as drought, flood, soil erosion, receding glaciers, storm-induced landslides and even wildfire. It sates that climate risk adaptation and mitigation are increasingly cited as a driver of watershed investment, and observes little movement from the private sector to tackle their water-related risk.
DRR-Factsheet. Managing too much or too little water Integrated Drought Management - Integrated Flood Management
Droughts are slow-onset events that cause more loss of lives, livelihoods and permanent displacement of people than cyclones, floods and earthquakes combined. From 1991 to 2000, drought took over 280,000 lives and cost billions of US dollars in damage. Sub-Saharan Africa suffered its worst dry-spell of the twentieth century in 1991–1992 when drought covered some 6.7 million km2 and affected about 110 million people. The 2010–2011 drought in the Horn of Africa put 10 million people at risk.
JCOMM Meeting Report, 99. 4th Meeting of the Coastal Inundation Forecasting Demonstration Project (CIFDP) Steering Group : final report
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) - WMO, 2013
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Histórico de Ocorrências no Município da Amadora, 2000 - 2010 - Normais Climatológicas da Amadora, 1915 - 2012
Portugal - Government, 2013
TC/TD, 0004. The second assessment report on the influence of climate change on tropical cyclones in the typhoon committee region
This report assesses the current state of the science on the relationship between climate change and tropical cyclone (TC) activity in the Western North Pacific (WNP) basin. It focuses in particular on identifying any possible influences of anthropogenic climate change on tropical cyclone track and impact area in this region.
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Special Evaluation Study on ADB's Response to Natural Disasters and Disaster Risks
Asian Development Bank (ADB) - ADB, 2012Four of five cities classified as extreme risks among the world’s fastest growing urban areas are in Asia. The region accounts for half of the estimated economic cost of disasters over the past 20 years. By one estimate, floods and landslides cost the People’s Republic of China some $18 billion in 2010 alone, and Thailand an estimated $45 billion in 2011. Policymakers need to recognize that investments in disaster risk management are an essential means to sustain growth.
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Resilience, risk and vulnerability at Sida: final report
This report reviews the interventions of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) that have strong implications for increasing resilience and reducing vulnerability to natural disasters, and it aims at improving the understanding of how Sida has worked with these issues so far and how the work can be further strengthened. The report combines findings from a mapping phase with more in-depth analysis of resilience initiatives related to climate change adaptation, agriculture and water hazards.
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Reducing risk of future disasters: priorities for decision makers
This report offers a strategic overview of the present and future potential of science to inform and enhance disaster risk reduction (DRR) over the next three decades. It considers disasters whose primary causes are natural hazards. Its focus is on disasters that occur in developing countries, but lessons from past disasters in developed countries are also drawn upon. It explores the diversity of impacts, and the extent to which these are, or should be, considered by decision makers but does not review in detail the scale of past and present disasters.
Recovery from disaster: resilience, adaptability and perceptions of climate change
NCCARF, 2012Focused on four disaster-impacted communities in Australia - Beechworth, Bendigo, Ingham and Innisfail, this report makes recommendations for emergency management and local government policies. It presents a study that used Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological systems theory to analyse individual and, by proxy, community resilience to disasters. The theory provided a comprehensive framework to evaluate the interacting factors that support resilience across different disaster sites and communities. While Bronfenbrenner’s theory has been used extensively, the authors believe that this is the first tim ...
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Where the rain falls: climate change, food and livelihood security, and migration
Warner Koko; CARE France ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN); et al. - UNU, 2012This report explores the interrelationships among rainfall variability, food and livelihood security, and human mobility in a diverse set of research sites in eight countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America. While climate change affects nearly all aspects of food security – from production and availability, to the stability of food supplies, access to food, and food utilization – the Rainfalls research focuses on linkages between shifting rainfall patterns and food production and the stability of food supplies.
Anticipating Hazardous Weather and Community Risk, 2nd Edition
Anticipating Hazardous Weather and Community Risk, 2nd Edition provides emergency managers and other decision makers with background information about weather, natural hazards, and preparedness. Additional topics include risk communication, human behavior, and effective warning partnerships, as well as a desktop exercise allowing the learner to practice the types of decisions required as hazardous situations unfold. This module offers web-based content designed to address topics covered in the multi-day Hazardous Weather and Flood Preparedness course offered by the Federal Emergency Management ...
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 16. Management of Flash Floods
This tool provides an overview of approaches and practical actions to reduce disaster risks associated with flash floods. Flood forecasting and warning are expected to play an important role in flash flood management though there are scientific and technical limits to provide accurate and timely warnings. Spatial planning and flood proofing can also reduce risk of exposure. These require flood hazard mapping to assess the risk of flash floods and an appropriate legal framework to integrate (flash) flood management planning and spatial planning. Participatory approach can identify areas at risk ...
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 15. Flood Proofing
This tool aims to provide various options of flood proofing measures, not exclusively limited to structural measures or building protections, with a target of practitioners responsible for flood management. The tool covers two aspects of flood management: flood resistance and flood resilience. The flood resistance keeps out flood water to prevent flood damages, while flood resilience minimizes the impacts of floods once flooding occurs.
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 14. Urban Flood Management in a Changing Climate
The main thrust of this tool is to examine major aspects of urban flood management through in the context of climate change. This document deals with the “management” process and less about the technical, structural, and capital-intensive strategies usually pursued in coping with urban floods. It also explores the vital interaction and necessary overlap of urban flood management with land use management, urban planning, socio-economic development, and public awareness and participation. All of these issues lie at the core of planning for and carrying out strategies for climate change adaptatio ...
Flood Management Tool Series, Technical Document, 13. Conservation and Restoration of Rivers and Floodplains
The tool aims at assisting practitioners mainly through reviewing and describing options for conservation and restoration of rivers and floodplains that can potentially assist flood management practitioners in addressing various flood management objectives, and providing an overview of current practices that could help flood management practitioners in identifying and establishing the values of ecosystem services generated under different conservation, restoration and flood management scenarios.
Integrated flood management tools series, 15. Flood Proofing
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Associated Programme on Flood Management (APFM); Global Water Partnership (GWP) - WMO, 2012This tool aims to provide various options of flood proofing measures, not exclusively limited to structural measures or building protections, with a target of practitioners responsible for flood management. The tool covers two aspects of flood management: flood resistance and flood resilience. The flood resistance keeps out flood water to prevent flood damages, while flood resilience minimizes the impacts of floods once flooding occurs.
Integrated flood management tools series, 16. Management of Flash Floods
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Associated Programme on Flood Management (APFM); Global Water Partnership (GWP) - WMO, 2012This tool provides an overview of approaches and practical actions to reduce disaster risks associated with flash floods. Flood forecasting and warning are expected to play an important role in flash flood management though there are scientific and technical limits to provide accurate and timely warnings. Spatial planning and flood proofing can also reduce risk of exposure. These require flood hazard mapping to assess the risk of flash floods and an appropriate legal framework to integrate (flash) flood management planning and spatial planning. Participatory approach can identify areas at risk ...
Analysis of heavy rainfall events over Dar es Salaam city: A necessity to lessen flood risks
Floods are a threat to many cities especially in the developing countries and cities found near the coastal areas where the population pressure, unplanned settlements and poor infrastructures are most evident. Climate change also poses a higher flood risks in these areas due to increased frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events. In this study analysis of extreme rainfall over Dar es Salaam city in Tanzania was done. The analysis employed empirical as well as hydrological frequency modeling to annual maximum daily rainfall events for 5 of the meteorological stations found within the c ...
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JCOMM Technical Report, 70. Fiji Stakeholders Workshop for WMO Coastal Inundation Forecasting Demonstration Project
The Stakeholders Workshop for the WMO Coastal Inundation Forecasting Demonstration Project in Fiji (CIFDP-FSW) was held at the conference room of the Tanoa International Hotel, Nadi, Fiji. This was the kick-off of the national sub-project of CIFDP in Fiji (CIFDP-F), of which the Phase 1 was sponsored by the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA), and implemented by WMO in collaboration with the Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS).
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Pounds of prevention, a disaster risk reduction story: focus on Mozambique
This edition travels to Mozambique and presents a cyclone early warning system that combines technology with community organization and mobilization, which enables people in Mozambique to be better prepared to take the right action at the right time every year when the cyclone season arrives and flooding threatens the countryside. The paper asserts that countless lives have been saved and that the resources spent mounting a humanitarian response have decreased.
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Weaving a culture of resilience, a gender-sensitive approach to disaster risk reduction in Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands
This document reports on a research aiming at a more gender-sensitive approach to disaster risk reduction (DRR) in Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands. It gives insight on the situations in which women and men, girls and boys live in three selected communities in both countries. It provides information about their local behaviour patterns, belief and value systems, their daily life routines etc. - all necessary information to adapt ongoing and plan future DRR measures in this specific context.
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Disaster risk financing and insurance in Sub-Saharan Africa : review and options for consideration
World Bank, 2012This report is a preliminary effort to present a body of knowledge on the state of disaster risk financing and insurance in Sub-Saharan Africa. It aims to contribute to a strengthened understanding and collective knowledge within Sub-Saharan Africa on disaster risk financing and insurance, and to encourage open dialogue between stakeholders on how strategies can best be developed to increase financial resilience against natural disasters. It is targeted at policy-makers and actors in the international community with an interest in this agenda. In the context of this report, disaster risk finan ...
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Adapting to climate change: assessing World Bank Group experience phase III
World Bank, 2012This report presents an extensive review of the World Bank’s experience dealing with climate variability and climate change, offering valuable lessons on adaptation efforts worldwide. It answers questions in three areas: (i) dealing with climate variability; (ii) factoring climate change risks into investment projects; and (iii) anticipating climate change. In addition to this learning-focused agenda, the evaluation also asks how the Bank Group has performed against climate adaptation goals of the Bank Group’s Strategic Framework for Development and Climate Change (FY09-11).
The evalua ...
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Long road to resilience: impact and cost-benefit analysis of community-based disaster risk reduction in Bangladesh
This report presents the activities to reduce disaster risk as implemented under the Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction (CBDRR) programme between 2005 and 2011 by the Bangladesh Red Crescent Society. It is structured in three sections: (i) Section A reviews the background of the programme and the evaluation; (ii) section B includes the key findings, relating to relevance, effectiveness, impact, efficiency and sustainability; and (iii) section C presents the implications of those findings.
Flood risk management research in New Zealand
This discussion paper explores existing river flood risk management practices in New Zealand, including the national context for flood risk management and looks at regional practices. The document then provides a brief overview of research in areas that contribute to the better understanding of flood processes, briefly stepping through climate, flood flows and inundation research and considering complexities of coastal catchments, flood vulnerability studies and research around community awareness and preparedness for flood hazards. Finally, the document identifies gaps in flood research, and ...
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Flood preparedness in the Netherlands: a US perspective
This report discusses some aspects of Dutch crisis management for flooding and for the recovery period, and gives a description of what the American approach could mean for the Dutch situation. It contains a series of articles in which several aspects of the crisis are addressed: (i) flood response, an introduction; (ii) early warning, forecast, situational assessment and sense making; (iii) self reliance and community involvement in Dutch flood response; (iv) managing the response to large scale floods; (v) vertical evacuation: rethinking urban, rural and social space; (vi) public/private par ...
Social strategies for prevention and adaptation = Estrategias sociales de prevención y adaptación
This document contains 13 case studies from Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America and its objective is to recuperate ancestral and vernacular knowledge culturally developed and associated with risk prevention in face of recurrent hydro-meteorological hazards, like floods.
Societies have imagined, created, constructed, rejected and returned to imagine, create and construct diverse strategies that allow them to prevent the effects related to the imminent presence of a natural hazard. These processes are associated and are the result of the conditions in which a certain society d ...
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Potential of semi-structural and non-structural adaptation strategies to reduce future flood risk: case study for the Meuse: In Natural Hazards Earth System Sciences, 12, 2012
Copernicus Publications, 2012This study assesses how semi-structural and non-structural measures can decrease the flood risk beyond the local level, now and in the future, in the Meuse river basin, in the region of Limburg, in the southeast of the Netherlands. It is aimed: (i) to assess the sensitivity of riverine flood risk to changes in land use and climate; and (ii) to examine the potential of different adaptation strategies at the regional scale to reduce future flood damage and risk. This assessment is the first study of this kind carried out in the Netherlands.
It considers the independent contributi ...
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Comparative flood damage model assessment: towards a European approach: In Natural Hazards Earth System Sciences, 12, 2012
Copernicus Publications, 2012This study addresses the recognised gap between what climate science can currently provide and what end users of that information require in order to make robust adaptation decisions about their climate related risks. It identifies five key contributing factors to the gap: (i) uncertainty in climate science; (ii) cognitive bias and challenges of interdisciplinary research; (iii) (mis)understanding and (mis)use of key terminology; (iv) communication (or lack of); and (v) non-climatic influences.
The study aims to bridge this gap between end user needs and science capability by b ...
Environmental legislation for disaster risk management: module 1
Gupta Anil K.; Nair Sreeja S.; Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ); et al. - India Government, 2012“Environmental Legislation for Disaster Risk Management”, training module is based on the analysis of global context of environmental laws, policies and approaches of integrating environment and disaster risk management. This module cites examples of legal and policy framework from across the world, along with special references to the Indian legal framework and disaster management.
Resource manual on flash flood risk management - module 3: structural measures
This publication presents the concept of integrated flood management as a component of integrated water resource management. It emphasizes that structural measures are most effective and sustainable when implemented together with appropriate non-structural measures keeping in mind physical measures for slope stabilization and erosion control. The description are simple yet effective, they can be implemented using local and low-cost materials with a minimum of external materials and technical support and a low environmental impact.
City resilience in Africa: a ten essentials pilot
Permezel Melissa; Ebalu Oscar; United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UN/ISDR) - UN/ISDR, 2012This publication reports on the outcomes of a pilot project to ‘operationalize’ the Making Cities Resilient Campaign in three cities in Africa – Narok and Kisumu in Kenya and Moshi in Tanzania, commenced in 2012 by the UNISDR regional office for Africa in Nairobi, Kenya. It also describes disaster prevention activities undertaken by pilot cities, and provides assessment and analysis of city resilience according to the Ten Essentials for Making Cities Resilient: 1. Institutional and administrative frameworks; 2. Financing and Resources; 3. Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment – Know Your Risk; 4. Infr ...
Nepal disaster report 2011: policies, practices and lessons
ActionAid International (ActionAid); Disaster Preparedness Network Nepal (DPNet-Nepal); National Society for Earthquake Technology (NSET); et al. - Nepal - Government, 2012This report is a compendium of understanding, concepts, experiences and lessons of disaster risk management (DRM), emergency response planning and capacity building in Nepal. It also provides a chronology of the development of DRM processes in the country including government's initiatives in creating suitable policy and legal environments for effective disaster risk reduction (DRR), creation of Disaster Cluster Groups, participation of Nepal in global initiatives in DRR including the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) and the International Strategy for Disaster Reduct ...
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The demand for micro-insurance: a literature review
Why are demand and renewal rates for micro-insurance so low despite the important protection against disasters it may offer? To address the puzzle this paper provides a selective overview of the current state of research on demand from farmers for risk micro-insurance mostly associated to lack and excess of rainfall (drought and flood). It first looks at the theoretical research and then reviews the empirical evidence on the factors influencing risk attitude and demand for disaster insurance from low-income farmers.
Flood risk and water management in the Netherlands: a 2012 update
Slomp Robert - Netherlands - Government, 2012This report describes Dutch context of flood risk management, institutions involved, disasters that influence flood risk policy and disaster management, flood protection standards for flood defenses, financial issues, urban planning and the choice not to insure against flood risk.
Turn down the heat: why a 4°C warmer world must be avoided
This report spells out what the world would be like if it warmed by 4 degrees Celsius, which is what scientists are nearly unanimously predicting by the end of the century, without serious policy changes. It provides a snapshot of recent scientific literature and new analyses of likely impacts and risks that would be associated with a 4° Celsius warming within this century, ranging from sea-level rise to increases in tropical cyclone intensity, unprecedented heat waves, severe drought, and major floods in many regions, with serious impacts on ecosystems and associated services.
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Climate change in Eastern Europe: Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine
This publication explores the impacts of climate change on Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine. The three countries of Eastern Europe will not be affected as strongly as many other parts of Eurasia, yet they will see more of severe floods and forest fires, decreasing water reserves in the south, and gradual changes in biodiversity, agriculture and food security.
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Green Water Defense for Flood Risk Management in East Asia
The purpose of the ‘Green Water Defense in East Asia’ study is to take stock of advances in management practices, institutional and technological innovations for managing water resources under changing climate. The focus of this note is on green water defense for flood risk management in deltas and other areas vulnerable to flooding.
Local flood early warning system (LFEWS)
This document reports on Philippines Region 8's accumulated experience and knowledge in the setting up and management of local flood early warning systems (LFEWS), which aims to reduce human vulnerability and suffering by monitoring sources of floods, predicting where and when floods could possibly happen, identifying who would be affected and strengthening the capacity of local disaster risk reduction and management institutions to make informed decisions. It describes the impacts observed in terms of saving lives and properties, improving institutional performance of local governments and in ...
An exploration of the link between development, economic growth, and natural risk
This paper investigates the link between development, economic growth, and the economic losses from natural disasters in a general analytical framework, with an application to hurricane flood risks in New Orleans. It concludes that where capital accumulates through increased density of capital at risk in a given area, and the costs of protection therefore increase more slowly than capital at risk, (i) protection improves over time and the probability of disaster occurrence decreases; (ii) capital at risk -- and thus economic losses in case of disaster -- increases faster than economic growth; ...
Building urban resilience: principles, tools and practice
World Bank, 2012This report is divided into three major sections designed to give urban planners and practitioners an intuitive and easy way to build elements of resilience into their urban governance and city planning. It includes case studies and tables providing good practice examples and further details.
Feeling the heat: the human cost of poor preparation for disasters
Islamic Relief Worldwide, 2012This report shows the positive difference Islamic Relief Worldwide is beginning to make in the area of disaster risk reduction (DRR) by highlighting how village disaster committees and earthworks to raise people’s houses have reduced the impact of seasonal flooding in north-western Bangladesh. It shows how irrigated vegetable growing and microfinance loans for small businesses are helping former pastoralists to build new livelihoods in north-eastern Kenya that are less vulnerable to drought. It provides evidence that being better prepared can save money as well as lives and shows that it can b ...
Bivariate analysis and synthesis of flood events for the design of hydraulic structures – a case study for Argentina
A bibliographic review of the state of art of flood estimation techniques shows the importance of studying floods as multivariate events. The aim of this work is to discuss whether a multivariate analysis is necessary for designing dams or for assessing the adequacy of spillways belonging to existing dams. A multivariate approach offers a range of possible events associated to a joint return period, which can be used in a design stage. The multivariate criterion includes information related with the dependence structure linking the flood variables. This dependence is involved in the generation ...
Coastal communities and climate change: maintaining future insurability
Lloyd's, 2012This report looks at the impact of climate change on flood risk at a number of coastal locations around the world, considering sea-level rise, the effect of wind speed on storm surges and, at one location, changes in land use. It investigates the impact on: (i) an unprotected property with no flood defences on a Caribbean island, the coasts of which are exposed to hurricanes and their associated storm surges; (ii) a building on the coast of a northern European country protected by flood defences against up to a 1-in-100 year storm surge event; (iii) a property on the coast of a northern Europe ...
Multi-hazard business continuity management guide : Guide for small and medium enterprises
ILO, 2012This document is intended to contribute to increase constituents’ resilience, mitigate risks and enhance preparedness for crisis and business recovery. The scope covers different types of major-scale, natural hazards, i.e. geophysical, hydrological, meteorological, climate and biological, including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, tropical storms, over-floods, flash flows, mud flows, droughts, desertification and landslides. It aims to inform and guide decision makers and technical service providers on how to manage business continuity vis-à-vis the multiple hazards that may threat t ...
Republic of Rwanda: disaster high risk zones on floods and landslides
MIDIMAR, 2012This document identifies all areas prone to floods and landslides in Rwanda for effective prevention, mitigation and preparedness planning mechanisms. It is intended to: (i) identify and map all areas prone to floods and landslides; (ii) increase knowledge on areas at risk in the country for effective Disaster Risk Reduction in Rwanda; (iii) create scientifically driven explanations on the main causes of vulnerability caused by floods and landslides; and (iv) help the local community to understand the natural phenomena/hazards that they are exposed to and raise their awareness for disaster ris ...
Flood Risk Management in the People's Republic of China: Learning to Live with Flood Risk
ADB, 2012This publication presents a shift in the People’s Republic of China from flood control depending on structural measures to integrated flood management using both structural and non-structural measures. The core of the new concept of integrated flood management is flood risk management. Flood risk management is based on an analysis of flood hazard, exposure to flood hazard, and vulnerability of people and property to danger. It is recommended that people learn to live with flood risks, gaining and promoting a clear understanding of flood risks, quantifying and modifying the flood hazard, regula ...
Explaining extreme events of 2011 from a climate perspective
Peterson Thomas C.; Stott Peter A.; Herring Stephanie; et al. - U.S. Government printing office, 2012This report focuses on a way to foster the growth of explaining the causes of specific extreme disaster events in near-real time. It provides an assessment on causes of historical changes in temperature and precipitation extremes worldwide to provide a long-term perspective for the events discussed in 2011. It encourages the development of an objective criteria for defining extreme weather and climate events ahead of time, and applying predetermined methodologies to minimize risk. This report should help develop the means of communicating assessments of the extent to which natural and anthropo ...
Disaster risk reduction in school curricula: case studies from thirty countries
Selby David; Kagawa Fumiyo; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); et al. - UNESCO, 2012This publication captures key national experiences in the integration of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in the curriculum, identifying good practice, noting issues addressed or still lacking, and reviewing learning outcomes. The study researched DRR related curriculum development and integration, pedagogy, student assessment, teacher professional development and guidance, learning outcomes and policy development, planning and implementation aspects covering thirty countries.
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Annual disaster statistical review 2011: the numbers and trends
In 2011, 332 natural disasters1 were registered, less than the average annual disaster frequency observed from 2001 to 2010 (384). However, the human and economic impacts of the disasters in 2011 were massive. Natural disasters killed a total of 30 773 people and caused 244.7 million victims worldwide (see Figure 1). Economic damages from natural disasters were the highest ever registered, with an estimated US$ 366.1 billion [...]
Climate change: is the UK preparing for flooding and water scarcity? : (Adaptation sub-committee progress report 2012)
CCC, 2012This progress report assesses how well the United Kingdom is preparing for climate change. According the report, four times as many properties are at risk of flooding in England without action on climate change. The report uses a set of national indicators to help assess adaptation progress on two of the largest risks to the English regions: flooding and droughts. The report analyses and provides advice to the government for its upcoming adaptation programme.
Climate change education for sustainable development in Small Island Developing States : report and recommendations
UNESCO, 2012This report summarizes the key outcomes of a three-day meeting which discussed and reflected on the challenges that climate change poses to education systems in Small Island Developing States (SIDS), and on the role that education must play in adaptation to climate change. Acknowledging that SIDS are already confronted with the effects of climate change, including rising sea levels and changes in weather and climate extremes such as droughts, floods and tropical cyclones/hurricanes, it considers the need for them to reduce their vulnerability to climate change by strengthening their adaptive c ...
Bangladesh: a sustainable and disaster resilient future
This document addresses how people in disaster prone areas of Bangladesh are at risk to lose their lives, land, and livelihoods due to floods, cyclones, earthquakes and drought, and how sustainable development and effective risk reduction can help prevent these risks. It also discusses how disasters in Bangladesh hamper the country's long-term ability to effectively tackle poverty. The document acknowledges the growing awareness among citizens that disaster risk reduction (DRR) is necessary to assist vulnerable communities; and that there needs to be a coordinated effort to undertake intensive ...
Community disaster preparedness guide
This document contains practical information on preparing and recovery from the effects of disaster events which may affect the British Virgin Islands. It includes hazard-specific safety tips and information on personal, family, business and community preparedness and protection. It considers the following hazards: flood, hurricane, including tides and surge, earthquake and tsunami, extreme heat and drought, as well as climate change.
This document is a revision of the 2005 Community Disaster Preparedness Handbook with updated information, pictures and with more colour. Its pro ...
Tackling exposure: placing disaster risk management at the heart of national economic and fiscal policy
As a follow-up to a first paper A preliminary analysis of flood and storm disaster data in Viet Nam, this Quang Binh case study provides a more in-depth disaster profile of one particular province in Viet Nam, including specific temporal and spatial distribution patterns while using district aggregated data. It also looks deeper into the relationship between disasters and poverty through analysis of various indicators: number of deaths, impact on housing and agricultural produce, poverty rate and the percentage of poor households.
The first part of this paper examines the disas ...
Learning lessons: intense climate-related natural disasters in Asia and the Pacific
ADB, 2012This synthesis addresses the global increase in frequency of intense floods and storms in Asia and the Pacific amid the spectre of climate change, and points to the need for better mitigation and adaptation to natural disasters. It presents the lessons drawn from evaluations of information sourced from publicly available databases
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JCOMM Meeting Report, 92. 3rd Meeting of the Coastal Inundation Forecasting Demonstration Project (CIFDP) Steering Group
The Third Meeting of the Coastal Inundation Forecasting Demonstration Project (CIFDP) Steering Group was opened by Co-Chairs of the Group, Drs Don Resio (University of North Florida) and Val Swail (Environment Canada), at 0830 hours on Monday 2 April 2012, in the conference room of the University of North Florida (UNF), Jacksonville, USA. All participants were warmly welcomed by Dr Mark E. Workman, Provost of the UNF, who expressed his satisfaction to hold this important meeting in the international era at UNF. Dr Workman emphasized the importance of the research and application of meteorology ...
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JCOMM Technical Report, 65. Stakeholders Workshop for JCOMM-CHy Coastal Inundation Forecasting Demonstration Project
The Stakeholders Workshop for JCOMM-CHy Coastal Inundation Forecasting Demonstration Project (CIFDP-BSW) was opened at 1000 hours in the conference room of the Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD), Dhaka, Bangladesh, at the kind invitation of BMD. Dr Arjumand Habib, Director of Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) and the Permanent Representative of Bangladesh to WMO, welcomed all participants from national agencies and the Project Steering Group. In her opening remark, she emphasized the importance of this timely initiative of CIFDP to protect life and property in the coastal zon ...
JCOMM Technical Report, 64. Coastal inundation forecasting demonstration project - Implementation plan
Coastal disasters are a major threat to the people whose lives and livelihoods depend on safety and socio-economic development in low-lying, highly-populated coastal areas. They include storm surges and wind-induced waves associated with severe cyclones, and their combined effect with river flooding, leading to coastal inundation. Risk management for such coastal disasters represents a great challenge to scientists and policy makers in Meteorology, Hydrology, Oceanography, Emergency Management and Coastal Planning. In particular, recognizing this extreme vulnerability of coastal areas to storm ...
Ecosystem approach to disaster risk reduction
This book is intended to provide an overview of the concept of ecosystem approach to disaster risk reduction (Eco-DRR), natural resource management and disaster linkages, incorporating Eco-DRR concepts in various phases of disaster management, including post disaster recovery in wide range of human and natural environmental settings. The case studies cover coastal, mountain and urban ecosystems and specific hydro-meteorological risks like floods, forest fire, epidemics and landslides.
Safari's encounter with coastal and marine hazards : UNISUNISDR Africa educational series, vol. 4, issue 1:
UN/ISDR, 2012This booklet targets primary school children to sensitize them to the causes, impacts and mitigation of coastal and marine hazards, such as cyclone, tsunami, storm surge and flood, as well as other natural hazards such as drought, oil spill, ‘red tide’ and ‘brown tide’, and city fire.
Training package on natural hazards and early warning for training of trainers’ in Kenya
UN/ISDR, 2012The overall aim of the training package is to increase awareness on natural hazards and disaster risk reduction (DRR) to key stakeholders with knowledge on disaster management to empower the actors to support their organizations in developing disaster resilient programs and projects.
This training manual is for use in DRR training aimed at building the capacity of sub-national government officials, NGOs, academia and other actors responsible for delivering, implementing, planning, researching or coordinating programs/policies and projects by raising awareness on DRR issues. The ...
Natural catastrophes and man-made disasters in 2011: historic losses surface from record earthquakes and floods
Swiss Re, 2012This study reports on the worldwide economic losses from over 300 natural catastrophes and man-made disasters recorded in 2011 and the cost to the global insurance industry. It specifically analyses the catastrophes cost to society, the insured losses and the gap between insured and non-insured economic losses, which points to a widespread lack of insurance.
A special chapter on flooding in this edition of sigma reveals that flood loss potential can be just as high as that of earthquakes and storms. Analysing the floods in Thailand and their impact on the global manufacturing s ...
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Cities and Flooding: a Guide to Integrated Urban Flood Risk Management for the 21st Century
World Bank, 2012Cities and Flooding: A Guide to Integrated Urban Flood Risk Management for the 21st Century provides forward-looking operational assistance to policy makers and technical specialists in the rapidly expanding cities and towns of the developing world on how best to manage the risk of floods. It takes a strategic approach, in which appropriate risk management measures are assessed, selected and integrated in a process that both informs and involves the full range of stakeholders.
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IWR Report, 2011-R-08. Flood risk management approaches : as being practiced in Japan, Netherlands, United Kingdom and United States
The Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT), the Dutch Rijkswaterstaat, the United Kingdom Environment Agency, and the United States Army Corps of Engineers agreed in 2009 to develop a document to explore risk-informed approaches as being practiced and developed primarily in those four countries. This document, the result of that collaboration, reflects contributions from agencies within the four participating nations but is not an official position of any government or international organization. It is organized around a conceptual framework developed to encomp ...
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Southern Africa - Floods and Cyclones Overview of 2010/2011 Rainfall Season : December 2010 to May 2011
OCHA, 2011I. HIGHLIGHTS/KEY PRIORITIES
· In total, an estimated 708,000 people were affected by floods and/or storms in southern Africa this rainfall season, with 314,361 either displaced or evacuated and 477 people killed.
· In comparison with the previous four seasons, the 2010/2011 flood season was average in terms of number of people affected, although the number of deaths was markedly high.
· Heavy rains early in the season affected Mozambique, South Africa and Lesotho. South Africa, which is usually not seriously affected by flooding, experienced large-scale devastation.
Snowmelt Processes: International Edition
Snowmelt is an integral component of the hydrologic forecasting process in many parts of the world. Here, we examine the influences of environmental conditions on snowfall distribution, snowpack structure, snowpack-environment energy exchange, and finally, the rate and amount of snowmelt itself. The fate of snowmelt water after it reaches the ground is also explored.
Flash Flood Processes: International Edition
Flash floods can occur in nearly any area of the world. A rainfall-induced flash flood is a truly hydrometeorological event: one that depends on both hydrologic and meteorological conditions. Forecasting flash floods involves a detailed understanding of the local hydrologic features and continual monitoring of the current meteorological situation. This module examines both the hydrologic and meteorological processes that often contribute to the development of flash flooding. Common tools and technologies that are used in flash flood monitoring and forecasting, from manual gauging systems to co ...
Flood Forecasting Case Study: International Edition
This module allows users to explore the flood forecasting process by assuming the role of a visiting hydrologist intern at the National Hydrologic Service in Main Country. Fictional senior hydrologists guide the intern through an idealized flooding event that takes place over Main Country's Mainstem river basin and its tributary basins, each with varying landscapes and observation systems. Users will examine how these variations impact the quality and type of forecast that can be achieved. Users will also learn about common problems encountered in flood forecasting, and how to adjust forecasts ...
Flash Flood Early Warning System Reference Guide
The Flash Flood Warning System Reference Guide is intended to promote the implementation of flash flood early warning systems based upon proven and effective methods already in use in flash-flood prone nations around the world. Both governmental and non-governmental decision makers can use it to better understand flash floods and the elements that constitute a robust, end-to-end flash flood early warning system. The guide includes chapters on Flash Flood Science, Flash Flood Forecasting Methods, Monitoring Networks, Technology Infrastructure, Warning Dissemination and Notification, and Communi ...
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