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Directrices técnicas para los Centros Regionales del WIGOS sobre el Sistema de Monitorización de la Calidad de los Datos del WIGOS
La presente publicación es un anexo del capítulo 9 de la Guía del Sistema Mundial Integrado de Sistemas de Observación de la OMM (OMM, 2018). Proporciona orientación técnica detallada
para que los Centros Regionales del Sistema Mundial Integrado de Sistemas de Observación de la OMM (WIGOS) lleven a cabo las actividades operativas relacionadas con el Sistema de
Monitorización de la Calidad de los Datos del WIGOS, concretamente en lo que respecta a las estaciones en superficie del Sistema Mundial de Observación (SMO) situadas en tierra (en los
territorios de los Miembros de ...
المبادئ التوجیهیة الفنیة للمراكز الإقلیمیة للنظام (WIGOS) العالمي المتكامل للرصد التابع للمنظمة (WIGOS) بشأن نظام مراقبة جودة بیانات النظام
المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد - المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد, 2018 (طبعة 2018; مجموعة مطبوعات المنظمة-No. 1224)ھذا المطبوع مرفق للفصل 9 من دلیل النظام العالمي المتكامل للرصد التابع للمنظمة (المنظمة العالمیة (RWCs) WIGOS للأرصاد الجوية، 2018 ). وھو يقدم إرشادات فنیة مفصلة للمراكز الإقلیمیة للنظام لا سیما من أجل ،(WDQMS) WIGOS لممارسة الأنشطة التشغیلیة المتصلة بنظام مراقبة جودة بیانات النظام المقامة على البر (في أقالیم أعضاء الاتحادات الإقلیمیة (GOS) المحطات السطحیة للنظام العالمي للرصد .((WMO) للمنظمة
面向WIGOS区域中心关于WIGOS资料质量监测系统的技术指南
本出版物是《WMO全球综合观测系统指南》（WMO，2018）第9章的附录。文中为WMO全球综合观测系统（WIGOS）区域中心（RWC）运行与WIGOS资料质量监测系统（WDQMS）提供了技术指南，特别是针对位于陆地上（位于WMO区域协会（RA）会员的领域内）的全球观测系统（GOS）地表站。
这些指导方针介绍了WDQMS的三个主要功能（监测、评估和故障管理）、要求（例如所需资源）以及实施GOS陆表台站这些功能的有效做法和程序。这包括负责区域（次区域）监测、评估和故障管理活动的RWC工作人员的日常任务以识别、评估和跟踪与地表和高空台站资料有用性、时效性和准确性有关的问题，还包括两类观测的一些推荐性能目标。
预计将来将有半自动化的WIGOS监测中心，可提供例行报告，并提供供RWC使用的区域和专题具体信息。
Directives techniques pour les centres régionaux du WIGOS sur le Système de contrôle de la qualité des données du WIGOS
La présente publication est une annexe du chapitre 9 du Guide du Système mondial intégré des systèmes d’observation de l’OMM (OMM, 2018). Elle contient des directives techniques détaillées destinées à aider les centres régionaux du Système mondial intégré des systèmes d’observation de l’OMM (WIGOS) à mener les activités opérationnelles en lien avec le Système de contrôle de la qualité des données du WIGOS, s’agissant notamment des stations terrestres d’observation en surface du Système mondial d’observation (SMO) (implantées sur le territoire des Membres de l’OMM).
Cette publication déc ...
Tехнические руководящие принципы для региональных центров ИГСНВ по системе мониторинга качества данных ИГСНВ
Настоящая публикация является дополнением к главе 9 Руководства по Интегрированной глобальной системе наблюдений ВМО (ВМО, 2018). В ней содержится подробное техническое руководство для региональных центров (РЦИ) Интегрированной глобальной системы наблюдений ВМО (ИГСНВ) по осуществлению оперативной деятельности, связанной с Системой мониторинга качества данных ИГСНВ (СМКДИ), в особенности в отношении наземных станций Глобальной системы наблюдений (ГСН), расположенных на суше (на территории Членов региональной ассоциации (РА) ВМО). В руководящих принципах описываются три основных функции СМКДИ ( ...
Technical Guidelines for Regional WIGOS Centres on the WIGOS Data Quality Monitoring System
This publication is an Annex to Chapter 9 of the Guide to the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WMO, 2018). It provides detailed technical guidance for Regional WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) Centres (RWCs) to run the operational activities related to the WIGOS Data Quality Monitoring System (WDQMS), specifically for the surface stations of the Global Observing System (GOS) located on land (on the territories of WMO Regional Association (RA) Members). These guidelines describe the three main functions of WDQMS (monitoring, evaluation and incident management), as well as t ...
IOM Report, 130. Fourth WMO Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison of RA II, Jointly held with RA V
This report describes the intercomparison in detail: the instruments, the participants, the experimental setup, method and procedure, the data analysis technique used and the results. It is clear from the results that all of the participating instruments have been well maintained and remained stable since the previous intercomparison, which augers well for all radiation measurements within RA II and RA V. All participants were able to return home with newly derived WRR reduction factors for their instruments.
Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observations OPAG in situ Technologies and Intercomparisons - Expert Team on Aircraft-based Observations : Final Report
The second session of the CIMO Expert Team on Aircraft-based Observations took place over 16-19 April, 2018 at the WMO headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. This was the 2nd meeting of the team during the current inter-sessional period of CIMO ahead of the upcoming session of CIMO in October, 2018 (CIMO-17), with the first session having been held in December 2015 in conjunction with the CBS Expert Team on Aircraft-Based Observing Systems second session. The chief focus for the session was for the team to report on progress and to undertake planning to finalise activities and tasks from its wor ...
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GCOS, 217. 21st Session of the Ocean Observations Panel for Climate (the GOOS Physics and Climate Panel) (OOPC-21)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018
GCOS, 218. 23rd Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC-23)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018
GCOS, 216. 8th Session of the GTN-H Panel
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018
IOM Report, 128. Interlaboratory Comparison in the field of Temperature, Humidity and Pressure, in the WMO Regional Association VI (MM-ILC-2015-THP)
The subject of this report is evaluation of the interlaboratory comparison in the field of measurement of temperature, humidity and pressure. The interlaboratory comparison was held within the framework of the MeteoMet 2 project, in the scope of proficiency testing scheme organized by the University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Laboratory of Metrology and Quality (UL-FE/LMK), except pressure part. All the analysis were done in accordance with accredited procedures.
Instrumentation and Measurement of Atmospheric Humidity
This lesson provides an overview of the science and techniques related to measuring humidity, or the amount of water vapor, in Earth's atmosphere. After beginning with a review of the units used for humidity, the learner will examine the three main types of hygrometers (material, thermodynamic, and optical) and explore instruments within each of these categories. The lesson provides information about the advantages and limitations of various humidity instruments. The effects of siting, sheltering, and ventilation on humidity measurements are also addressed. The lesson is part of the Instrument ...
Interpreting and Communicating EPS Guidance: Iberian Heat Wave
This 45-minute lesson briefly introduces learners to the benefits of using probabilistic forecast information to assess the weather and communicate forecast uncertainties. Learners will explore a heat wave event in Spain and practice interpreting EPS forecast products effectively to determine various forecast parameters based on lead-time. Also, learners will decide how to best communicate the potential weather threats and impacts information to local end users.
What's New in the National Blend of Models version 3.1
Intended for U.S. National Weather Service forecasters, this short video describes changes to the NWS National Blend of Models when it was updated to v3.1. These changes include: More global, mesoscale, and ensemble components; Increased spatial resolution of some components; New and improved weather elements for aviation, QPF, winter, fire, and marine weather forecasting; Significant wave height for offshore waters and the Great Lakes; Improved bias correction; MOS-like text products; Shortened NBM forecast projections delivered at 19 UTC. For an illustrated transcript, see What’s New in NBM ...
SatFC-J: The CrIS and ATMS Sounders
This lesson introduces the capabilities of NOAA’s next-generation infrared and microwave sounders, the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) and the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS). Both fly on board the Suomi NPP satellite mission and constitute the foundation for NOAA’s operational space-based sounding capability on the next-generation JPSS polar-orbiting satellites. In addition to their complementary sounding duties, CrIS and ATMS provide capabilities and improvements for a variety of environmental products essential to weather forecasting and environmental monitoring. Some of th ...
Mesoscale Model Components of the National Blend of Models Version 3.0
The National Weather Service National Blend of Models (NBM) was updated to version 3.0 on 27 July 2017. Changes include: Eight new components for the contiguous U.S. (CONUS) and Alaska, including four deterministic models, two ensemble systems, and two post-processed statistical components Five new components for Hawaii and Puerto Rico Expanded forecast domains for the CONUS and Alaska A “Time of Day” (ToD), rather than NWP model, initial time concept Hourly NBM forecasts, with short, day 2-4, and extended forecasts Updated NBM guidance available 50-60 minutes after hourly run time New weather ...
Radio Wave Propagation
As a society we have become dependent on satellite communications, but satellites fail with alarming frequency. Before the advent of satellites, long distance communications were carried out with high frequency (HF) radio transmissions. This lesson examines the factors that control long-distance radio communications, with an emphasis on refraction in the ionosphere, frequency selection, and the effects of solar radiation.
GOES-R Series Multilingual Training Resources
This listing of multilingual training materials for the GOES-R series includes both foundational lessons and quick guides developed by various partners at the request of the U.S. National Weather Service and NESDIS. The selections included here represent materials translated to Spanish and Portuguese. Training contributors include COMET, RAMMB/CIRA, CIMSS, and SPoRT. Translation contributors/reviewers include the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN) in Argentina and the University of São Paulo in Brazil.
Unified Terrain in the National Blend of Models
This lesson discusses errors associated with the use of inconsistent terrain in the analyses in the Real-Time and the Un-Restricted Mesoscale Analyses (RTMA and URMA, respectively), and in downscaling numerical weather prediction model data to the resolution of the U.S. National Weather Service National Blend of Models (NBM). The sources of these inconsistencies are examined, and the errors that result are discussed. A solution is to use a unified, consistent terrain in the analyses and the NBM. This solution is only partial however, as resolution of small, meteorologically significant feature ...
GOES-16 and S-NPP/JPSS Case Exercise: Hurricane Harvey Surface Flooding
Satellite data are important tools for analyses and short-term forecasts of surface floodwater. This lesson will highlight the August 2017 flooding associated with Hurricane Harvey in southeastern Texas, one of the most costly weather disasters in U.S. history. Through the use of interactive exercises the learner will become familiar with use and interpretation of satellite imagery in regions with surface flooding. The lesson will use data from both the S-NPP Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) and the GOES-16 Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI). The satellite-derived flood map and th ...
National Water Model, Part 1: Science and Products
This lesson provides an introduction to the benefits, important input (forcing data), and key products of the National Water Model. Both official and evolving products are presented. The lesson uses the flooding associated with Hurricane Harvey in August 2017 to demonstrate key products.
Instrumentation and Measurement of Atmospheric Pressure
This lesson provides information about current science and technologies for measuring atmosphere pressure. The lesson begins by reviewing the key physical laws governing atmospheric pressure, including Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures. Then, it explores typical requirements and uncertainty parameters related to atmospheric pressure sensors and provides details about the components of pressure sensors, including fluidic, mechanical, and electronic transducers. The lesson is part of the Instrumentation and Measurement of Atmospheric Parameters course series.
SatFC-J: The AMSR2 Microwave Imager
This short lesson describes the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) on board the next-generation polar-orbiting satellite platforms. AMSR2’s primary mission is to improve scientists’ understanding of climate by providing estimates of precipitation, water vapor, cloud water, wind velocity, sea surface temperature, sea ice concentration, snow depth, and soil moisture. AMSR2 also advances weather forecasting through real-time imagery, value-added products, and input to numerical weather prediction. This lesson is part of the Satellite Foundational Course for JPSS (SatFC-J).
SatFC-J: The VIIRS Imager
This lesson introduces the VIIRS imager on board the Suomi NPP and JPSS satellites. The lesson briefly describes the capabilities, improvements, and benefits that VIIRS brings to operational meteorology. Numerous images are shown that demonstrate a variety of applications available in the AWIPS weather display system. This lesson is part of the Satellite Foundational Course for JPSS (SatFC-J).
SatFC-J: Orbits and Data Availability
This lesson presents a brief overview of NOAA's operational low Earth orbiting satellites, focusing on how their orbits define observational coverage and how ground receiving capabilities impact data latency from the observation time to product availability. This lesson is part of the Satellite Foundational Course for JPSS (SatFC-J).
Rapid Scan Applications and Benefits
This lesson introduces the capabilities and benefits of rapid scan imaging from geostationary meteorological satellites with a special focus on the current Meteosat Second Generation satellites. The lesson begins with an overview of current rapid scan imaging strategies and the products made from those observations. It then addresses nowcasting applications that benefit from these products with a focus on convection and its evolution. Other application areas that benefit from rapid scan observation are mentioned including the monitoring of fog and low stratus, wildfires, tropical cyclones, and ...
Interpreting and Communicating EPS Guidance: British Columbia Winter Storm
This 45-minute lesson provides an opportunity to use ensemble prediction system products to evaluate uncertainty in the forecast and then communicate that information effectively to a public audience. The lesson places learners in the role of a Meteorological Service of Canada forecaster who must assess forecast uncertainty and then issue early warning notifications to decision-makers regarding the winter storm. In a subsequent work shift during the event, the learner must effectively deliver forecast information via social media and respond to questions from the general public. The lesson is ...
Operational Environmental Monitoring Applications using the Community Satellite Processing Package (CSPP)
This resource demonstrates the variety of satellite imagery and products accessible through the Community Satellite Processing Package (CSPP). Two videos, the first focused on imagery applications and the second on microwave applications, provide an overview of the types of weather and environmental information available through CSPP. Using CSPP, forecasters and others needing timely access to data can download and display imagery and products from Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) instruments. The resource provides some background information for obtaining and using the CSPP software, which ...
SatFC-J: The VIIRS Day/Night Band
This lesson introduces the innovative Day/Night Band (DNB). Producing both daytime and nighttime visible images, the unique aspect of the DNB is its nocturnal low-light imaging capability. It views reflected moonlight from clouds and Earth's surface, surface light emissions from various natural sources (such as fires) and anthropogenic sources (such as city lights and gas flares), and even from certain atmospheric light emissions such as the aurora, airglow, and lightning flashes. The lesson describes the capabilities and benefits of the DNB, in particular using the Near-Constant Contrast (NCC ...
Física del caos en la predicción meteorológica
AEMET, 2018Over 100 experts in weather and climate modeling, numerical and operational forecasting, and related areas have come together to write this compendium of knowledge that addresses a diversity of maters such as history and foundations of meteorology, ensemble prediction systems, probabilistic forecasting and its applications, climatic change and social aspects, cases of study of special meteorological events, etc.
ETR, 24. A Compendium of Topics to Support Management Development in National Meteorological and Hydrological Services
The present compendium of topics for management development is intended to help a NMHS establish management development programmes that meet the needs and culture of the organization. The provision of curricular (i.e. aims, learning outcomes and content), briefing notes, sources of further reading and discussion topics should make it easier to establish a bespoke programme rather than having to start from scratch. Even if an external agency provides the components of a management development programme, having the compendium should make it easier to specify what should be included. Regional Tra ...
Бюллетень ВМО по Парниковым Газам - № 14: Содержание парниковых газов в атмосфере по данным глобальных наблюдений в 2017 г.
Последний анализ данных наблюдений, полученных в рамках Программы ГСА ВМО, показывает, что глобально усредненные приповерхностные молярные доли(1), рассчитанные на основании данных этой сети наблюдений in situ для двуокиси углерода (СO2), метана (СН4) и закиси азота (N2O), достигли в 2017 году новых максимумов, причем для CO2 он составил 405,5 ± 0,1 млн−1(2), для CH4 — 1859 ± 2 млрд−1(3), а для N2O — 329,9 ± 0,1 млрд−1. Эти значения составляют соответственно 146 %, 257 % и 122 % по отношению к доиндустриальным (до 1750 года) уровням. Увеличение содержания CO2 в атмосфере с 2016 по 2017 год был ...
Boletín sobre los gases de efecto invernadero - N°14: Estado de los gases de efecto invernadero en la atmósfera según las observaciones mundiales realizadas en 2017
El último análisis de las observaciones realizadas en el marco del Programa de la VAG de la OMM muestra que los promedios mundiales de las fracciones molares en superficie1) calculados a partir de esta red in situ para el dióxido de carbono (CO2), el metano (CH4) y el óxido nitroso (N2O), alcanzaron nuevos máximos en 2017 al registrar 405,5 ± 0,1 ppm2) para el CO2, 1859 ± 2 ppb3) para el CH4 y 329,9 ± 0,1 ppb para el N2O, lo que representa, respectivamente, el 146 %, el 257 % y el 122 % de los niveles preindustriales (antes de 1750). El aumento de CO2 de 2016 a 2017 fue inferior al observado d ...
Bulletin sur les gaz à effet de serre - N°14: Bilan des gaz à effet de serre présents dans l’atmosphère d’après les observations effectuées à l’échelle du globe en 2017
La toute derniere analyse des donnees d’observation recueillies par le reseau in situ du Programme de la VAG de l’OMM revele qu’a l’echelle du globe, les fractions molaires en surface1) du dioxyde de carbone (CO2), du methane (CH4) et du protoxyde d’azote (N2O) ont atteint de nouveaux pics en 2017, s’etablissant respectivement a 405,5}0,1 ppm2), 1 859}2 ppb3) et 329,9}0,1 ppb. Ces valeurs representent respectivement 146 %, 257 % et 122 % des niveaux preindustriels (avant 1750). Le taux d’accroissement du CO2 entre 2016 et 2017 etait moins eleve qu’entre 2015 et 2016 et pratiquement egal a l ...
GOES-16 GLM Case Exercise: Buenos Aires Tornado and Hail Event
The Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) flies aboard the GOES-R series satellites and provides lightning detection data at a quality and resolution not previously available from space. The GLM's continuous lightning monitoring capability is a valuable asset to detecting and monitoring developing thunderstorms 24 hours a day. This 30 minute lesson introduces learners to the benefits of using Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) observations in assessing convection. Learners will explore a severe weather event near Buenos Aires, Argentina, and practice using GLM observations to determine initia ...
GAW Report, 242. 19th WMO/IAEA Meeting on Carbon Dioxide, Other Greenhouse Gases and Related Measurement Techniques (GGMT-2017)
The meeting reviewed current WMO data quality objectives, reference scales and observation strategies, including calibration, quality control, data management and archiving. Target species were carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, stable isotopes, and radiocarbon in greenhouse gas measurements. The workshop discussed in detail the harmonization and quality control of isotope measurements, the extension of the measurement network towards more polluted and urban areas, the use of low-cost sensors, and the collaboration of the scientific greenhouse gas and carbon cycle community with the me ...
WIGOS Technical Report, 2018-01. WIGOS, WMO Integrated Global Observing System - Benefits to the Environment and Society from the Availability and Use of AMDAR Data
This report presents an updated summary of AMDAR data usage and the resulting impacts and benefits to meteorological forecasting and the aviation industry. It then provides a presentation of the environmental and climate applications and studies that also benefit from the use of AMDAR data, as a result, bringing benefits to the environment and wider society. These areas of societal benefits include weather, transportation, energy, disaster reduction, health, climate and agriculture.
Гидродинамический прогноза погоды на территории Гвинеи
Agriculture is the largest employer in the world and is probably the most dependent on the climate of all human activities. In recent years there have been events that have put in evidence the vulnerability of global food security to major meteorological phenomena, both in global agricultural markets and the world economy. The food price crisis and the subsequent economic crisis reduced the purchasing power of large segments of the population in many developing countries, which seriously reduced their access to food and thus undermined their food security. During the years 2009 and 2010 in Ven ...
Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observations Open Programme Area Group on Remote-Sensing Technologies - Inter-Programme Expert Team on Operational Weather Radars
The key aims of this meeting were to consolidate important activities and plans for completing deliverables within the IPET’s work plan ahead of the upcoming session of CIMO in 2018. In particular, the IPET focused on reinvigorating activities and tasks towards the development of a Best Practices Guide on Operational Weather Radar. The team spent several sessions on developing the improved structure of the guide and drafting and organising materials under that structure. Additionally team members reported on the status and progress of other tasks in the work plan, including the successful comp ...
Guidance on Verification of Operational Seasonal Climate Forecasts
The purpose of this publication is to describe and recommend procedures for the verification of operational probabilistic seasonal forecasts, including those from the Regional Climate Outlook Forums (RCOFs), National Meteorological and Hydrological Services and other forecasting centres. The recommendations are meant to complement the WMO Commission for Basic Systems Standardized Verification System for Long-range Forecasts (SVSLRF). SVSLRF defines standards for verifying model outputs from Global Producing Centres (GPCs), and so includes procedures for measuring the quality of ensemble predic ...
ETR, 22. Seasonal Climate Forecast - COURSE PACKAGE T.O.P. : Theory and Operational Principles, Project Report
This is the report on the project to create the Seasonal Climate Forecast - Course Package T.O.P. The goal of this online course package is to allow the transfer of seasonal climate forecast knowledge to improve and increase the operational capabilities of the targeted users. The package provides both a theoretical and a practical set of knowledge on seasonal forecast and predictability models, climate and data analysis, forecast verification, and specific application of seasonal forecast for agriculture and water management.
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GCOS, 219. 20th Session of the GCOS/WCRP Terrestrial Observation Panel for Climate (TOPC-20)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018
GAW Report, 240. Report of the Second International UV Filter Radiometer Calibration Campaign UVC-II
The objective of the campaign was to provide a calibration traceable to the WCC-UV reference for all participating radiometers, in view of homogenizing UV measurements in all participating countries.
GAW Report, 239. Calibration Methods of GC-μECD for Atmospheric SF6 Measurements
SF6 is a substance which originates only from anthropogenic sources used primarily in the electricity and electronics supply industries, e.g. the semiconductor industry, where it is used as an electronic insulator due to its inertness. SF6 is a trace gas that exists in small quantities at the level of ppt (parts-per-trillion, 1/1012) in the atmosphere, but its global warming potential is 23,500 times greater than that of CO2 when compared over a 100-year period[1]. In particular, SF6 has an atmospheric lifetime of 3,200 years upon emission, and will eventually exacerbate the man-made greenhous ...
SP, 12. Guidelines on Satellite Skills and Knowledge for Operational Meteorologists
This document describes the underpinning skills that support the WMO competencies that relate to the use of satellite data by operational meteorologists.
Руководство по морскому метеорологическому обслуживанию
Согласованные на международном уровне методы предоставления обслуживания морскому сообществу по всему миру описаны в Наставлении по морскому метеорологическому обслуживанию (ВМО-№ 558), том I. Целью настоящего Руководства является дополнить Наставление посредством:
a) описания требований к различным видам обслуживания;
b) разъяснения целесообразности согласованных методов предоставления обслуживания;
c) предоставления руководящих указаний в отношении того, каким образом следует организовывать и поддерживать морское метеорологическое обслуживание.
Руководство имеет т ...
Guía de servicios meteorológicos marinos
En el Manual de servicios meteorológicos marinos (OMM Nº 558), volumen I, se describen los métodos convenidos internacionalmente para la prestación de servicios a la comunidad marina en todo el mundo. Como complemento de dicho Manual, la presente Guía responde a los siguientes propósitos:
a) describir las necesidades requeridas para los distintos tipos de servicios;
b) explicar las razones a que responden los métodos convenidos para la prestación de servicios;
c) orientar sobre la manera de constituir y mantener servicios meteorológicos marinos.
Para ello, está estr ...
Guide de l'assistance météorologique aux activités maritimes
La connaissance des conditions météorologiques tient depuis toujours une place essentielle en matière de sécurité et d’efficacité appliquées aux activités maritimes, notamment le transport et la pêche. Au début du XXe siècle, avec l'apparition de la télégraphie sans fil, il devient possible d'établir des communications régulières entre les navires et la côte; c’est le commencement des émissions météorologiques pour la navigation maritime. La première Convention internationale pour la sauvegarde de la vie humaine en mer (Convention SOLAS) préconisait que la radiodiffusion de renseignements mété ...
Taller Presencial GOES-16 = GOES-16 Workshop
Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN) de Argentina ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) - Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN) de ArgentinaAquí encontrará los materiales del taller de GOES-16. El objetivo del taller es reforzar los conceptos adquiridos en el curso virtual desarrollado entre agosto y octubre de 2017 en el marco del "Programa de Entrenamiento para la Nueva Generación de Satélites Geoestacionarios" llevado adelante por el Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, y aplicarlo al análisis de casos de estudio de interés en la región. Mayor información sobre este taller presencial en el documento informativo del taller.
SP, 12. 指导业务气象工作者提高卫星技能和知识的原则
世界气象组织 (WMO) - 世界气象组织 (WMO), 2018本文件介绍了可支持业务气象工作者使用卫星资料的WMO能力领域的基础技能。这些技能包括：
КП, 12. Руководящие принципы по навыкам и знаниям в области использования спутниковых данных для оперативных метеорологов
В настоящем документе описаны фундаментальные навыки, подкрепляющие компетенции ВМО, связанные с использованием спутниковых данных оперативными метеорологами.
SP, 12. Directives sur les aptitudes et connaissances des météorologues des services d’exploitation en matière de satellites
Le présent document décrit le socle d’aptitudes qui sous‑tend les champs de compétence de l’Organisation météorologique mondiale (OMM) relatifs à l’utilisation des données satellitaires par les météorologues des services d’exploitation.
PE, 12. Directrices sobre aptitudes y conocimientos satelitales para meteorólogos de los servicios de operaciones
El presente documento describe las aptitudes fundamentales en apoyo de las competencias de la Organización Meteorológica Mundial (OMM) relativas al uso de datos satelitales por meteorólogos de los servicios de operaciones.
世界气象组织 温室气体公报 - 第14期: 基于2017年全球观测资料的大气温室气体状况
世界气象组织 (WMO) - 世界气象组织 (WMO), 2018对WMO GAW计划的观测资料进行的最新分析表明，利用该实地网络的资料计算出的二氧化碳（CO2）、甲烷（CH4）和氧化亚氮（N2O）的全球平均表面摩尔分数(1) 在2017年创下了新高，其中CO2为405.5 ± 0.1 ppm(2)、CH4为1859 ± 2 ppb(3)以及N2O为329.9 ± 0.1 ppb。这些数值分别是工业化前（1750年之前）水平的146%、257% 和122%。2016年至2017年的CO2增幅小于2015年至2016年观测到的增幅，并几乎等于过去十年的平均增长率。厄尔尼诺事件的影响在2015年和2016年达到峰值并推动了这一时期的增长率上升，但该事件在2017年的影响骤降。关于CH4，2016年至2017年的增幅小于2015年至2016年观测到的增幅，但几乎等于过去十年的平均值。关于N2O，2016年至2017年的增幅高于2015年至2016年观测到的增幅，并几乎等于过去十年的平均增长率。NOAA年度温室气体指数（AGGI）[4]显示，从1990年至2017年，长寿命温室气体（LLGHG）辐射强迫增加了41%，其中CO2约占这一增幅的82%。
لمنظمة العالمية للأرصاد الجوية نشرة غازات الاحتباس الحراري: حالة غازات الاحتباس الحراري في الغلاف الجوي استناداً إلى الرصدات العالمیة المنفذة خلال عام 2017
یتبین من أحدث تحلیل للرصدات من برنامج المراقبة العالمیة للغلاف الجوي ( GAW ) أن المتوسط العالمي للكسور الجزیئیة( 1) المحسوب من ھذه الشبكة الموقعیة فیما یتعلق بثاني أكسید الكربون ( CO2 ) والمیثان CH4) ) وأكسید النیتروز ( N2O ) قد بلغ مستویات مرتفعة جدیدة في عام 2017 ، بحیث بلغ المتوسط فیما یتعلق بثاني أكسید الكربون 405.5 ± 0.1 جزء في الملیون( 2)، وفیما یتعلق بالمیثان 1859 ± 2 جزء في البلیون( 3)، وفیما یتعلق بأكسید النیتروز 329.9 ± 0.1 جزء في البلیون. وتشكل ھذه القیَم، على التوالي، 146 في المائة و 257 في المائة و 122 في المائة من مستویات ما قبل العصر الصناعي (أي ما قبل عام 1750 ). وكانت الزیادة ...
Guía para la aplicación de sistemas de gestión de la calidad para los Servicios Meteorológicos e Hidrológicos Nacionales y otros proveedores de servicios pertinentes
El objetivo del presente documento es ofrecer orientación sobre la elaboración y la aplicación de un sistema de gestión de la calidad con el fin de garantizar y mejorar la calidad de los productos y Servicios Meteorológicos e Hidrológicos Nacionales (SMHN). Asimismo tiene por objeto describir con detalle los pasos necesarios para obtener el certificado de conformidad del sistema de gestión de la calidad de una organización de acuerdo con la norma de la Organización Internacional de Normalización (ISO) ISO 9001:2008 Sistemas de gestión de la calidad. Requisitos (ISO 9001). La presente Guía se b ...
التحديات في الانتقال من الشبكات التقليدية إلى الشبكات الأوتوماتية لرصد الأحوال الجوية من أجل السجلات المناخية طويلة الأجل
نُشرت بالفعل (WMO, 2007) توجيهات لإدارة التغيرات في برامج رصد المناخ، مع مجموعة ممارسات موصى بها يمكن بواسطتها إدارة هذه التغيرات. وسينصب التركيز في هذه المذكرة التوجيهية على محطات الأرصاد الجوية الأوتوماتية (AWSs) التي يرجح أن تشكل جزءاً من السجلات المناخية طويلة الأمد. وستكون هذه السجلات عادة مملوكة للمرافق الوطنية للأرصاد الجوية والهيدرولوجيا (NMHSs) أو للوكالات المنتسبة لها، أو لأطراف أخرى أحياناً (من قبيل هيئات الطيران أو الزراعة أو النقل البري) في إطار المعايير التي تقرها المرافق الوطنية (NMHSs). وتثبت التجربة أن المحطات (AWSs) الخاصة يمكن أن تكون مفيدة لبعض الأغراض المناخية (مثل توفير م ...
Desafíos en la transición de las redes de observaciones meteorológicas convencionales a las automáticas en registros climáticos a largo plazo
Ya se han publicado las Directrices para la gestión de las modificaciones en los programas de observación del clima, que incluyen un conjunto de prácticas recomendadas conforme a las cuales pueden gestionarse dichas modificaciones (OMM, 2007). La presente nota orientativa se centrará en las EMA que probablemente formarán parte de registros climáticos de largo plazo. En general, serán de propiedad de los SMHN u organismos conexos, o a veces de terceros (por ejemplo, organismos de aviación, agricultura o transporte por carretera) de conformidad con las normas adoptadas por los SMHN. La experienc ...
L’automatisation des réseaux d’observation météorologique et ses répercussions sur la surveillance à long terme du climat
L’OMM a déjà publié des directives assorties de pratiques recommandées pour la gestion des changements apportés aux programmes d’observation du climat (OMM, 2007). La présente publication met l’accent sur les SMA qui seront probablement utilisées pour l’établissement de relevés climatologiques sur le long terme. Ces stations seront en principe détenues par des SMHN ou des organismes qui leur sont associés, voire par des tiers (organismes opérant dans les secteurs de l’aviation, de l’agriculture ou du transport routier par exemple), selon des modalités approuvées par les SMHN. L’expérience mont ...
Сложности при переходе с традиционных метеорологических наблюдательных сетей на автоматические для длительных климатических наблюдений
Руководящие принципы управления изменениями в программах климатических наблюдений с набором рекомендуемых практик, с помощью которых можно управлять такими изменениями, уже были опубликованы (WMO, 2007). В данной директивной записке основное внимание уделяется тем АМС, которые могут стать частью долгосрочных климатических записей. Обычно они принадлежат НМГС или ассоциированным агентствам, а иногда третьим сторонам (например, авиационным, сельскохозяйственным или автотранспортным агентствам) в соответствии со стандартами, одобренными НМГС. Опыт показывает, что частные АМС могут быть полезны дл ...
长期气候记录从常规气象观测网向自动气象观 测网过渡中的挑战
世界气象组织 (WMO) - WMO, 2017WMO已经发布了管理气候观测计划变化的指导原则，其中有一套可以管理这种变化的建议做法（WMO，2007）。本指南将侧重于那些可能构成长期气候记录一部分的AWS。这些AWS 通常由NMHS 或相关机构所有，或有时由第三方（如航空、农业或公路运输机构）根据NMHS认可的标准拥有。经验表明，私人AWS对某些气候目的是有用的（如提供个别局地尺度的极端事件信息），但很少能达到所需的记录长度、准确性或敞度标准，或场地和仪器的长期稳定性，不可能对十年或更长的时间尺度的监测有很大价值。
Challenges in the Transition from Conventional to Automatic Meteorological Observing Networks for Long-term Climate Records
Guidelines for managing changes in climate observation programmes, with a set of recommended practices by which such changes can be managed, have already been published (WMO, 2007). This guidance note will focus on those AWSs likely to form part of long-term climate records. These will normally be owned by NMHSs or associated agencies, or sometimes by third parties (such as aviation, agriculture or road transport agencies) under standards endorsed by the NMHSs. Experience shows that private AWSs can be useful for some climate purposes (such as providing information on individual local-scale ex ...
WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (GHG Bulletin) - No.13: The State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2016
The latest analysis of observations from the WMO GAW Programme shows that globally averaged surface mole fractions(2) calculated from this in situ network for CO2, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) reached new highs in 2016, with CO2 at 403.3 ± 0.1 ppm, CH4 at 1 853 ± 2 ppb(3) and N2O at 328.9 ± 0.1 ppb. These values constitute, respectively, 145%, 257% and 122% of pre-industrial (before 1750) levels. The record increase of 3.3 ppm in CO2 from 2015 to 2016 was larger than the previous record increase, observed from 2012 to 2013, and the average growth rate over the last decade. The El Niño ...
Guide du système mondial d'observation
Organisation météorologique mondiale (OMM) - OMM, 2017 (édition 2010, mise à jour en 2017; OMM-No. 488)Le présent guide a pour objet premier de fournir des renseignements pratiques sur l’élaboration, l’organisation, la mise en oeuvre et l’exploitation du Système mondial d’observation afin d’encourager la participation de tous les Membres à ce dernier et d’optimiser son utilité pour chacun d’eux. Ce guide, qui explique et décrit les pratiques, les procédures et les spécifications du SMO, vise à aider le personnel technique et administratif responsable, dans les Services météorologiques nationaux, des réseaux de stations d’observation, à élaborer les instructions pour l’observation au plan nation ...
Guide to the Implementation of Quality Management Systems for National Meteorological and Hydrological Services and Other Relevant Service Providers
The objective of this publication is to provide guidance to WMO Members on how to develop and implement a quality management system (QMS). The Guide details the steps required to obtain certification of compliance with the ISO standard ISO 9001:2015, Quality Management System – Requirements (ISO, 2015c)It also provides the steps for transition from ISO standard ISO 9001:2008 (ISO, 2008) to standard ISO 9001:2015 (ISO, 2015c). It is especially focused on WMO Member National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs). However, it could be successfully utilized by other service providers, ...
Guidelines on the Role, Operation and Management of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services
These Guidelines are intended to provide a one-stop, consistent and contemporary reference resource from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) for managers of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs). They should help with many of the challenges that directors and managers of NMHSs face, including:
– Ensuring that the NMHS is able to meet national needs for meteorological, hydrological and related data and services;
– Responding to newly identified challenges in a rapidly changing world;
– Clarifying and articulating the mandate of the NMHS;
– ...
IOM Report, 126. Quality Assessment using METEO-Cert : The MeteoSwiss Classification Procedure for Automatic Weather Stations
It this report, METEO-Cert and its application is described. The METEO-Cert process assigns qualitative flags to each station and its instruments. Those qualitative flags provide valuable information on the applicability of the measured data and help to identify potential improvement of the station’s exposure.
Basic Satellite Imagery Interpretation
This lesson teaches the basics of satellite image interpretation to forecasters, meteorology students, and other interested learners, with an emphasis on the African region. It begins by briefly describing visible, infrared, and water vapour channels, as well as RGBs and derived products. From there, it teaches learners how to interpret clouds and surface features using various channels and products. This sets the stage for the final section, where learners practice identifying features using assorted imagery and products. The lesson uses Meteosat Second Generation imagery over Africa and, to ...
Gravity for Geodesy II: Applications
Gravity is an important part of geodesy, with implications for height measurements and many other applications. In this module, we explore the concept of equipotential surfaces and relate them to gravity. Then we discuss geodetic applications that rely on accurate gravity measurements, including leveling surveys and floodplain mapping. We introduce a special surface based on gravity, called the gravimetric geoid, and explain why we want to use it as a reference datum. We discuss how to measure Earth’s gravity and introduce you to the National Geodetic Survey’s GRAV-D project, including how and ...
Training Tutorials and Datasets for GOES-R/JPSS New Generation Satellite Aerosol Products
These free training resources include video tutorials as well as case studies with accompanying data and imagery. The resources introduce the new generation of aerosol products available from the JPSS series of polar-orbiting satellites (SNPP/VIIRS) and the GOES-R series of geostationary satellites (GOES-16/ABI). Users will learn about the types of satellite aerosol products available, including aerosol optical depth/thickness (AOD/AOT) and aerosol detection (smoke/dust masks), as well as complimentary satellite products, such as fire radiative power (FRP) hotspots and visible color imagery (R ...
Statistical Methods in the NWS National Blend of Global Models Part 2
This lesson introduces users to the statistics used in generating the various weather element forecasts included in version 2 and 3 of the U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) National Blend of Global Models (NBM). This Level 3 lesson is intended for forecasters and users of NWS forecast products; some prior knowledge of numerical weather prediction and statistics is useful. Learners will be introduced to the analysis of record used to calibrate the NBM’s bias and error estimates. Learners will also explore the bias correction, weighting, and post-processing procedures used to produce the forec ...
COSMIC: Atmospheric Remote Sensing for Weather, Climate, and the Ionosphere
This video provides an introduction to the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC), including information about the COSMIC-2 mission. COSMIC uses a technique called radio occultation to profile temperature, water vapor, and ionospheric information within Earth's atmosphere. The high-quality, high-resolution data contribute to improvements in numerical weather prediction, hurricane forecasts, climate studies, and ionospheric analyses. This full video resource covering COSMIC data and science is hosted on COMET's YouTube Channel. A short video highlightin ...
GOES-R Series Faculty Virtual Course: Geostationary Lightning Mapper
In this webinar recording Scott Rudlosky and Geoffrey Stano discuss and demonstrate the capabilities of the GOES-R/16 Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) in both operational and research applications. You will learn how the GLM, the first lightning mapper in geostationary orbit, differs from land-based lightning detection. The presenters summarize important processes known as lightning events, group, flashes, and lightning jumps and show products that illustrate the location and areal extent of lightning, and its evolution in cloud systems. With this information you should be able to integrat ...
GOES-R Series Faculty Virtual Course: Severe Storms
In this webinar recording, Michael Bowlan explains how GOES-R/16 can help improve forecasts of severe storms and provide forecasters with real-time information about lightning, flooding potential and other hazards. The high-resolution Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) data can indicate whether thunderstorm updrafts are gathering strength or weakening, helping aid forecasters in making warning decisions. The ABI can also aid in identifying storms and convective complexes that have stalled or are “training”, which can signal a flood risk and help forecasters issue flood or flash flood warnings soon ...
GOES-R Series Faculty Virtual Course: Tropical Cyclones
In this webinar recording, Andrea Schumacher demonstrates the GOES-R series' new capabilities for real-time tropical cyclone analysis and monitoring, which will contribute significantly to improved hurricane track and intensity forecasts. The GOES-16 imager will provide dramatic new views of tropical cyclone phenomena, offering vastly improved time and spatial resolution as well as color composite images to enhance cloud bands and other features. This webinar will also explore the role of the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) in helping identify areas of strong thunderstorms associated with ...
Instrumentation and Measurement of Atmospheric Temperature
This lesson offers a comprehensive overview of temperature measurement as related to the atmosphere, bodies of water, soils, and other parts of Earth’s surface. The lesson begins by defining temperature and why it is an important property to characterize. It provides details about the properties and characteristics of sensors used for temperature measurements and the advantages and disadvantages of different sensors depending on the application. Lastly, the lesson outlines the methods used for measuring different types of temperature, from soil to the free atmosphere.
Web-Based Ensemble Tools: Ensemble Situational Awareness Table
The National Weather Service (NWS) Western Region (WR) has developed a Ensemble Situational Awareness Table (ESAT), which uses probabilistic NWP to bring attention to the potential for extreme events, especially in middle-range forecasts. The lesson, which is the first of two on the ESAT, describes the ESAT and how its data can be used to support assessment of extreme weather event forecasts. Additionally, statistical methods, including employment of reanalysis and NWP model climatologies (R-Climate and M-Climate, respectively) are described in reference to the products available in the ESAT.
GOES-R Series Faculty Virtual Course: Multispectral RGB Composites
In this webinar recording Dr. Emily Berndt and Dr. Michael Folmer discuss the capabilities of the GOES-R/16 Red-Green-Blue (RGB) composites. Multispectral or RGB composites are qualitative, false color images designed to enhance specific features in the atmosphere that are important to forecasters, aviators, mariners, and emergency response officials. RGB composites have been enthusiastically integrated into forecast operations because of their ability to highlight the presence and evolution of important forecast phenomena. This presentation details the development of RGB composites and provid ...
Using Climatology in Forecasting Convection in West and Central Africa
This case-study lesson provides an opportunity to apply the information in the ASMET lesson “Satellite-Derived Climatology Products for Monitoring Convection Over West and Central Africa” to a case that occurred over West and Central Africa in June 2014. It demonstrates how to integrate climatology information with satellite, global instability indices (GII), and NWP data when convection is forecast to occur.
GOES-R Series Faculty Virtual Course: Advanced Baseline Imager
In this webinar recording, Tim Schmit demonstrates the improved temporal, spatial, spectral and calibration attributes of the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on the GOES-R series. The main uses for each of the sixteen spectral bands will be covered, using examples from the recently launched GOES-16 ABI. Imagery and data loops for various types of atmospheric phenomena will be presented to illustrate the improved spectral capabilities and higher temporal and spatial resolution of the ABI. This is a recorded webinar presented by an instructor at his home institution. Audio variations may exist.
Met 101: Basic Weather Processes
This lesson provides an overview of basic weather processes, beginning with how the distribution of incoming solar energy helps to establish Earth’s atmospheric circulations. Learners will gain an understanding of the differences between weather and climate, and how Earth’s winds tend to have dominant patterns determined by region. An introduction to atmospheric stability, clouds, precipitation processes, and thunderstorm characteristics is also included, along with an introduction to weather impacts affecting aviation operations.
GOES-R Launch Workshop for Broadcast Meteorologists, November 2016
This lesson consists of presentations by nine professionals from NOAA and NASA recorded at the GOES-R Workshop for Broadcast Meteorologists at Kennedy Space Center. The workshop was offered by StormCenter Communications, Inc. in partnership with the COMET Program in conjunction with the November 2016 GOES-R launch. These presentations introduce broadcast meteorologists to the new capabilities of this next-generation weather satellite and cover topics including new instrumentation and data available via the GOES-R series, and how the imagery will improve forecasting. After completing this lesso ...
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