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Vol. 66(1) - 2017 - New Edition of the International Cloud Atlas
is an issue of Bulletin. WMO, 2017
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Available online: Full text
Notes: Other versions in preparation.
Language(s): English; Other Languages: French, Spanish, Russian
Format: Digital (Free), Hard copyTags: Cloud ; Greenhouse gas (GHG) ; Climate
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Available online: Full text
Published by: WMO ; 2017 (2017 edition)
Collection(s) and Series: WMO- No. 1200
Language(s): English; Other Languages: Spanish
Format: Digital (Free)ISBN (or other code): 978-92-63-11200-2
Tags: Observations ; Guide ; WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) ; Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS) ; Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) ; Aeronautical meteorology ; OBS - Personnel managing observing programmes and networks ; OBS - Personnel performing meteorological observations ; Instruments and Methods of Observation Programme (IMOP) ; Governance Publications
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Published by: OMM ; 2017 (2017 edition)
Collection(s) and Series: OMM- No. 1200
Language(s): Spanish; Other Languages: English
Format: Digital (Free)ISBN (or other code): 978-92-63-31200-6
Tags: Observations ; Guide ; WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) ; Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS) ; Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) ; Aeronautical meteorology ; OBS - Personnel managing observing programmes and networks ; OBS - Personnel performing meteorological observations ; Instruments and Methods of Observation Programme (IMOP) ; Governance Publications
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Challenges in the Transition from Conventional to Automatic Meteorological Observing Networks for Long-term Climate Records
Guidelines for managing changes in climate observation programmes, with a set of recommended practices by which such changes can be managed, have already been published (WMO, 2007). This guidance note will focus on those AWSs likely to form part of long-term climate records. These will normally be owned by NMHSs or associated agencies, or sometimes by third parties (such as aviation, agriculture or road transport agencies) under standards endorsed by the NMHSs. Experience shows that private AWSs can be useful for some climate purposes (such as providing information on individual local-scale ex ...
Challenges in the Transition from Conventional to Automatic Meteorological Observing Networks for Long-term Climate Records
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Available online: Full text
Published by: WMO ; 2017 (2017 edition)
Guidelines for managing changes in climate observation programmes, with a set of recommended practices by which such changes can be managed, have already been published (WMO, 2007). This guidance note will focus on those AWSs likely to form part of long-term climate records. These will normally be owned by NMHSs or associated agencies, or sometimes by third parties (such as aviation, agriculture or road transport agencies) under standards endorsed by the NMHSs. Experience shows that private AWSs can be useful for some climate purposes (such as providing information on individual local-scale extreme events) but rarely have the length of record, accuracy or exposure standards, or long-term stability of site and instrumentation, to have much value for monitoring on timescales of a decade or longer.
Collection(s) and Series: WMO- No. 1202
Language(s): English; Other Languages: French, Spanish, Chinese, Arabic, Russian
Format: Digital (Free)ISBN (or other code): 978-92-63-11202-6
Tags: Observations ; Meteorological instrument ; Hydrometeorological instrument ; Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) ; Climate services ; Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS) ; WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) ; Climatic data ; Competencies for Provision of Climate Services ; OBS - Personnel installing and maintaining instrumentation ; OBS - Personnel managing observing programmes and networks ; OBS - Personnel performing instrument calibrations ; OBS - Personnel performing meteorological observations ; Technical Publications
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WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (GHG Bulletin) - No.13: The State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2016
The latest analysis of observations from the WMO GAW Programme shows that globally averaged surface mole fractions(2) calculated from this in situ network for CO2, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) reached new highs in 2016, with CO2 at 403.3 ± 0.1 ppm, CH4 at 1 853 ± 2 ppb(3) and N2O at 328.9 ± 0.1 ppb. These values constitute, respectively, 145%, 257% and 122% of pre-industrial (before 1750) levels. The record increase of 3.3 ppm in CO2 from 2015 to 2016 was larger than the previous record increase, observed from 2012 to 2013, and the average growth rate over the last decade. The El Niño ...
WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (GHG Bulletin) - No.13: The State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2016
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Available online: Full text
Published by: WMO ; 2017
The latest analysis of observations from the WMO GAW Programme shows that globally averaged surface mole fractions(2) calculated from this in situ network for CO2, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) reached new highs in 2016, with CO2 at 403.3 ± 0.1 ppm, CH4 at 1 853 ± 2 ppb(3) and N2O at 328.9 ± 0.1 ppb. These values constitute, respectively, 145%, 257% and 122% of pre-industrial (before 1750) levels. The record increase of 3.3 ppm in CO2 from 2015 to 2016 was larger than the previous record increase, observed from 2012 to 2013, and the average growth rate over the last decade. The El Niño event in 2015/2016 contributed to the increased growth rate through complex two-way interactions between climate change and the carbon cycle. The increase of CH4 from 2015 to 2016 was slightly smaller than that observed from 2014 to 2015, but larger than the average over the last decade. The increase of N2O from 2015 to 2016 was also slightly smaller than that observed from 2014 to 2015 and the average growth rate over the past 10 years. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI) [3, 4] shows that from 1990 to 2016, radiative forcing by long-lived greenhouse gases (LLGHGs) increased by 40%, with CO2 accounting for about 80% of this increase.
Language(s): English; Other Languages: Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian, Spanish
Format: Digital (Free) (ill., charts)Tags: Observations ; Greenhouse gas (GHG) ; Carbon dioxide (CO2) ; Methane (CH4) ; Nitrous oxide (N2O)
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IOM Report, 126. Quality Assessment using METEO-Cert : The MeteoSwiss Classification Procedure for Automatic Weather Stations
It this report, METEO-Cert and its application is described. The METEO-Cert process assigns qualitative flags to each station and its instruments. Those qualitative flags provide valuable information on the applicability of the measured data and help to identify potential improvement of the station’s exposure.
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GCOS, 207. 22nd Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC-22)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2017
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Training Tutorials and Datasets for GOES-R/JPSS New Generation Satellite Aerosol Products
These free training resources include video tutorials as well as case studies with accompanying data and imagery. The resources introduce the new generation of aerosol products available from the JPSS series of polar-orbiting satellites (SNPP/VIIRS) and the GOES-R series of geostationary satellites (GOES-16/ABI). Users will learn about the types of satellite aerosol products available, including aerosol optical depth/thickness (AOD/AOT) and aerosol detection (smoke/dust masks), as well as complimentary satellite products, such as fire radiative power (FRP) hotspots and visible color imagery (R ...
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Statistical Methods in the NWS National Blend of Global Models Part 2
This lesson introduces users to the statistics used in generating the various weather element forecasts included in version 2 and 3 of the U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) National Blend of Global Models (NBM). This Level 3 lesson is intended for forecasters and users of NWS forecast products; some prior knowledge of numerical weather prediction and statistics is useful. Learners will be introduced to the analysis of record used to calibrate the NBM’s bias and error estimates. Learners will also explore the bias correction, weighting, and post-processing procedures used to produce the forec ...
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COSMIC: Atmospheric Remote Sensing for Weather, Climate, and the Ionosphere
This video provides an introduction to the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC), including information about the COSMIC-2 mission. COSMIC uses a technique called radio occultation to profile temperature, water vapor, and ionospheric information within Earth's atmosphere. The high-quality, high-resolution data contribute to improvements in numerical weather prediction, hurricane forecasts, climate studies, and ionospheric analyses. This full video resource covering COSMIC data and science is hosted on COMET's YouTube Channel. A short video highlightin ...
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GOES-R Series Faculty Virtual Course: Severe Storms
In this webinar recording, Michael Bowlan explains how GOES-R/16 can help improve forecasts of severe storms and provide forecasters with real-time information about lightning, flooding potential and other hazards. The high-resolution Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) data can indicate whether thunderstorm updrafts are gathering strength or weakening, helping aid forecasters in making warning decisions. The ABI can also aid in identifying storms and convective complexes that have stalled or are “training”, which can signal a flood risk and help forecasters issue flood or flash flood warnings soon ...
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Local Tropical Cyclone Precipitation Forecasting and Communication
This lesson introduces learners to the challenges in predicting and communicating localized tropical cyclone (TC) rainfall threats. The lesson discusses the key ingredients conducive for heavy TC rainfall, and the tools used by the National Weather Service to forecast it. Learners work through a TC case to practice interpreting precipitation guidance correctly and communicating the threat and impacts. The lesson also highlights the issuance of flash flood emergencies and areal flood warnings during TC events, and how to best communicate TC rainfall impacts for a local area. The lesson will tak ...
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GOES-R Series Faculty Virtual Course: Tropical Cyclones
In this webinar recording, Andrea Schumacher demonstrates the GOES-R series' new capabilities for real-time tropical cyclone analysis and monitoring, which will contribute significantly to improved hurricane track and intensity forecasts. The GOES-16 imager will provide dramatic new views of tropical cyclone phenomena, offering vastly improved time and spatial resolution as well as color composite images to enhance cloud bands and other features. This webinar will also explore the role of the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) in helping identify areas of strong thunderstorms associated with ...
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Instrumentation and Measurement of Atmospheric Temperature
This lesson offers a comprehensive overview of temperature measurement as related to the atmosphere, bodies of water, soils, and other parts of Earth’s surface. The lesson begins by defining temperature and why it is an important property to characterize. It provides details about the properties and characteristics of sensors used for temperature measurements and the advantages and disadvantages of different sensors depending on the application. Lastly, the lesson outlines the methods used for measuring different types of temperature, from soil to the free atmosphere.
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GOES-R Series Faculty Virtual Course: Multispectral RGB Composites
In this webinar recording Dr. Emily Berndt and Dr. Michael Folmer discuss the capabilities of the GOES-R/16 Red-Green-Blue (RGB) composites. Multispectral or RGB composites are qualitative, false color images designed to enhance specific features in the atmosphere that are important to forecasters, aviators, mariners, and emergency response officials. RGB composites have been enthusiastically integrated into forecast operations because of their ability to highlight the presence and evolution of important forecast phenomena. This presentation details the development of RGB composites and provid ...
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Using Climatology in Forecasting Convection in West and Central Africa
This case-study lesson provides an opportunity to apply the information in the ASMET lesson “Satellite-Derived Climatology Products for Monitoring Convection Over West and Central Africa” to a case that occurred over West and Central Africa in June 2014. It demonstrates how to integrate climatology information with satellite, global instability indices (GII), and NWP data when convection is forecast to occur.
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GOES-R Series Faculty Virtual Course: Advanced Baseline Imager
In this webinar recording, Tim Schmit demonstrates the improved temporal, spatial, spectral and calibration attributes of the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on the GOES-R series. The main uses for each of the sixteen spectral bands will be covered, using examples from the recently launched GOES-16 ABI. Imagery and data loops for various types of atmospheric phenomena will be presented to illustrate the improved spectral capabilities and higher temporal and spatial resolution of the ABI. This is a recorded webinar presented by an instructor at his home institution. Audio variations may exist.
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Met 101: Basic Weather Processes
This lesson provides an overview of basic weather processes, beginning with how the distribution of incoming solar energy helps to establish Earth’s atmospheric circulations. Learners will gain an understanding of the differences between weather and climate, and how Earth’s winds tend to have dominant patterns determined by region. An introduction to atmospheric stability, clouds, precipitation processes, and thunderstorm characteristics is also included, along with an introduction to weather impacts affecting aviation operations.
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Communicating Winter Weather Surface Impacts
This lesson will introduce National Weather Service (NWS) forecasters to the benefits of pre-season coordination in understanding the critical needs of decision-makers, particularly the state and local Departments of Transportation (DOTs). The strategies used by DOTs to mitigate road impacts during the winter and how the NWS can best support their needs are also discussed. Learners will gain insight into the common methods of collaboration between the NWS and DOT, and the different types of winter weather events in which they work together. Learners will also practice communicating winter weat ...
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GOES-R Launch Workshop for Broadcast Meteorologists, November 2016
This lesson consists of presentations by nine professionals from NOAA and NASA recorded at the GOES-R Workshop for Broadcast Meteorologists at Kennedy Space Center. The workshop was offered by StormCenter Communications, Inc. in partnership with the COMET Program in conjunction with the November 2016 GOES-R launch. These presentations introduce broadcast meteorologists to the new capabilities of this next-generation weather satellite and cover topics including new instrumentation and data available via the GOES-R series, and how the imagery will improve forecasting. After completing this lesso ...
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Using the Local Climate Analysis Tool (LCAT) for Water Resilience Decisions
This lesson offers users of climate information a demonstration of the utility of the Local Climate Analysis Tool (LCAT) for water resources applications. The training follows a NOAA Climate Resilience Toolkit case study in Tampa, Florida, and illustrates how LCAT analyses can be used to inform the steps to climate resilience outlined in the Toolkit. This text-based, interactive lesson will be accessible to anyone using LCAT for water resources decision-making, though will be most useful to those with some familiarity with drought/water resources questions and information needs. Some backgroun ...
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Foundations of Meteorological Instrumentation and Measurements
This lesson provides an introduction to the instrumentation used for meteorological measurements. Aimed at undergraduate and graduate students in meteorology and the atmospheric sciences, it examines the types of observing systems available to measure temperature, pressure, humidity, trace gases, clouds and aerosols, winds, precipitation, and radiation. Learners will explore the main components of an instrument and become acquainted with performance characteristics including types of errors. This introductory lesson provides a foundation for more detailed training focused on measurement of spe ...
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Advances in Space-Based Nighttime Visible Observation, 2nd Edition
This updated one-hour lesson explores the types of atmospheric and surface features that can be observed at night. It describes recent technical improvements in nighttime visible imaging with the VIIRS Day/Night Band on board the Suomi NPP and JPSS satellites, and the lunar phases and other conditions necessary for effective nighttime visible imaging. This lays the foundation for the rest of the lesson, which explores operational uses of nighttime visible observations. These include the detection and monitoring of city lights, tropical cyclones, fog and stratus, polar nights, auroras, fires an ...
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Meteorological Instrument Performance Characteristics
This advanced lesson explores the performance characteristics of instrumentation used for meteorological measurements. Static performance characteristics are examined in the context of calibration, which offers a means to determine an instrument's response. Dynamic performance characteristics, including first and second order inputs, are discussed using three classic examples: step or impulse, ramp or time varying, and oscillatory inputs. The lesson provides information about the effects of representativeness and regional homogeneity on measurements, and also describes processes for obtaining ...
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WPC Rainfall Guidance for Tropical Cyclones
This lesson introduces learners to the challenges in predicting precipitation associated with tropical cyclones (TCs). It also provides an overview of the deterministic and probabilistic rainfall guidance products issued by the Weather Prediction Center (WPC) to forecast TC-related precipitation. Learners work through a TC case to practice interpreting the guidance correctly and communicating the precipitation threat. The lesson also highlights the different interpretations of probabilistic products from the WPC and National Hurricane Center, and the need for collaboration between national cen ...
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Reservoir Pool Elevation: Considerations for Long-term Asset Management and Planning
Long-term management of critical water resources infrastructure needs to incorporate projected changes to environmental conditions. Reservoirs form the heart of water resource assets. Long-range plans for the repair, replacement, maintenance and renovation of these facilities depend on accurate projections of reservoir pool elevations. Environmental conditions, in turn, dictate the magnitude and timing of inflows and outflows from reservoirs, and thus the resulting water surface elevation. This lesson explores the factors that affect reservoir pool elevation and the considerations and challeng ...
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GOES-R Series Faculty Virtual Course: Aviation Products
In this webinar recording, Amanda Terborg (with input from Dr. Chad Gravelle), will demonstrate the capabilities of GOES-R/16 in analyzing hazards affecting the aviation industry. The talk focuses specifically on four hazards (but there are others): 1) fog and low stratus, 2) in-flight turbulence, 3) dust, and 4) volcanic ash. Through the use of GOES-R/16 spectral bands, band differences, and RGB composites, satellite data users can detect the development and evolution of aviation threats better than with any previous geostationary satellites. This is a recorded webinar presented by an instruc ...
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Met 101: Introduction to the Atmosphere
This lesson provides an overview of Earth’s atmosphere, its vertical structure, the fundamental forces acting on air, and how the atmosphere's composition affects the colors we see in the sky. The lesson also includes information about how Earth receives energy from the Sun as solar and infrared radiation, and the mechanisms for transferring heat around the globe. Learners will be introduced to the components of Earth’s water cycle, and also briefly explore the main types of systems used to observe the atmosphere.
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Meteorological Instrument Performance Characteristics
NCAR's Earth Observing Laboratory ; The COMET Program ; Millersville University - The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, 2017This advanced lesson explores the performance characteristics of instrumentation used for meteorological measurements. Static performance characteristics are examined in the context of calibration, which offers a means to determine an instrument's response. Dynamic performance characteristics, including first and second order inputs, are discussed using three classic examples: step or impulse, ramp or time varying, and oscillatory inputs. The lesson provides information about the effects of representativeness and regional homogeneity on measurements, and also describes processes for obtaining ...
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AeM Series, 01. Outcomes of the 2016-2017 Global Survey on Aeronautical Meteorological Service Provision : WMO Commission for Aeronautical Meteorology. Full report
A global survey of aeronautical meteorological service provision was conducted by the Commission for Aeronautical Meteorology (CAeM) between November 2016 and February 2017.
The primary objective of the survey was to establish a comprehensive, consolidated global view on the existing institutional arrangements for the provision of meteorological services to international air navigation, particularly at a national level, taking into account the supporting ICAO and WMO regulatory frameworks.
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Бюллетень ВМО по Парниковым Газам - № 13: Содержание парниковых газов в атмосфере по данным глобальных наблюдений в 2016 г.
Последний анализ данных наблюдений, полученных в рамках Программы ГСА ВМО, показывает, что глобально усредненные приповерхностные молярные доли(2), рассчитанные на основании данных этой сети наблюдений in situ для двуокиси углерода (СO2), метана (СН4) и закиси азота (N2O), достигли в 2016 году новых максимумов, причем для CO2 он составил 403,3 ± 0,1 млн-1, для CH4 — 1 853 ± 2 млрд-1(3), а для N2O — 328,9 ± 0,1 млрд-1. Эти значения составляют соответственно 145%, 257% и 122% по отношению к доиндустриальным (до 1750 года) уровням. Рекордное увеличение содержания CO2 в атмосфере с 2015 по 2016 го ...
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Boletín sobre los gases de efecto invernadero - N°13: Estado de los gases de efecto invernadero en la atmósfera según las observaciones mundiales realizadas en 2016
El último análisis de las observaciones realizadas en el marco del Programa de la Vigilancia de la Atmósfera Global (VAG) de la OMM muestra que los promedios mundiales de las fracciones molares en superficie(2) calculados a partir de esta red in situ para el CO2, el metano (CH4) y el óxido nitroso (N2O) alcanzaron nuevos máximos en 2016 al registrar 403,3 ± 0,1 ppm para el CO2, 1 853 ± 2 ppb(3) para el CH4 y 328,9 ± 0,1 ppb para el N2O, lo que representa, respectivamente, el 145%, el 257% y el 122% de los niveles preindustriales (antes de 1750). El aumento récord de 3,3 ppm para el CO2 de 2015 ...
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Bulletin sur les gaz à effet de serre - N°13: Bilan des gaz à effet de serre présents dans l'atmosphère, d'après les observations effectuées à l'échelle du globe en 2016
La toute dernière analyse des données d'observation recueillies par le réseau in situ du Programme de la Veille de l'atmosphère globale (VAG) de l'OMM révèle qu'à l'échelle du globe, les fractions molaires en surface(2) du CO2, du méthane (CH4) et du protoxyde d'azote (N2O) ont atteint de nouveaux pics en 2016, s'établissant respectivement à 403,3±0,1 ppm, 1 853±2 ppb(3) et 328,9±0,1 ppb. Ces valeurs représentent respectivement 145 %, 257 % et 122 % des niveaux préindustriels (avant 1750). Le taux d'accroissement du CO2 entre 2015 et 2016, qui a atteint 3,3 ppm, était plus élevé que le taux re ...
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2017 WMO Aeronautical Meteorology Scientific Conference (AeroMetSci 2017)
The objective of the AeroMetSci conference is to provide a forum where representatives of the research community, service providers, users of aeronautical and meteorological information and services will have the opportunity to discuss the needs for science and research in support of the current and future aviation transport.
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Evaluation of subseasonal prediction of extreme rainfall events and their relationship with the Madden Julian Oscillation over the Solomon Islands
The conference provides an opportunity for students especially PhD students to present their work and get feedback from other professionals. Not only that but the it also offers an excellent chance for networking among aspiring scientists and the possibility for future collaborations.
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Study of interannual variability of October-December rainfall season over Djibouti
Rainfall is a very important weather and climate parameter that affects social and economic activities in Djibouti. This leads to droughts, floods and humanitarian disasters over the country. The rainfall climatology of the country has some changes which need to be taken into account while planning for economic activities such as civil and structural engineering. The whole country receives significant rains in the months of (October – December) and (March – April) as known except for the southern parts of the country. The southern part of the country gets its rains in the months of (June to Au ...
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Change of diurnal precipitation in different phases of Bsiso
As we know tropical intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) was described as 2 modes such as Boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) during boreal summer and Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) dominates during boreal winter. In summer time, Thailand where located at the coastal region at the Equator which is effected by BSISO. Some week there is strong diurnal cycle but some week is opposite. The purpose of this work is to study the evolution of BSISO and to study the change of diurnal precipitation in different phases of BSISO. Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) version 3B42 data on 0.25 ...
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GAW Report, 232. Report of the WMO/GAW Expert Meeting on Nitrogen Oxides and International Workshop on the Nitrogen Cycle
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A career in meteorology
This book is a brief introduction to a career in meteorology. For more information about qualifications, training and opportunities, you are invited to consult your career adviser or your local or national weather service.
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International Cloud Atlas: Manual on the Observation of Clouds and Other Meteors
This Atlas describes the classification system for clouds and meteorological phenomena used by all WMO Members. The classifications also describe meteorological meteors other than clouds – hydrometeors, lithometeors, photometeors, and electrometeors.
The Atlas provides a common language to communicate cloud observations, and ensures consistency in reporting by observers around the world. It serves as a training tool for meteorologists, as well as for those working in aeronautical and maritime environments, and it has become popular with weather enthusiasts and cloud spotters.
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