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59 - February 2010 - 気象研究所共用海洋モデル(MRI.COM)第３版解説 = Reference Manual For The Meteorological Research Institute Community Ocean Model(Mri.Com) Version 3
is an issue of 気象研究所技術報告. Tsujino Hiroyuki; Motoi Tatsuo; Ishikawa Ichiro - Meteorological Research Institute, 2010This technical report is a manual of the Meteorological Research Institute Community Ocean Model (MRI.COM). MRI.COM is an ocean general circulation model developed and maintained at the Meteorological Research Institute (MRI) of the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). As the name suggests, it has been used for studying large scale oceanic phenomena and as the oceanic part of the coupled climate models developed at MRI
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61 - March 2010 - 強雨をもたらす線状降水帯の形成機構等の解明及び降水強度・移動速度の予測に関する研究 = Studies on formation process of line-shaped rainfall systems and predictability of rainfall intensity and moving speed
Autoclaved natural seawater collected in the North Pacific Ocean was used as a reference material for nutrients in seawater (RMNS) during an inter-laboratory comparison (I/C) study conducted in 2008. This study was a follow-up to previous studies conducted in 2003 and 2006. A set of six samples was distributed to each of 58 laboratories in 15 countries around the globe, and results were returned by 54 of those laboratories (15 countries). The homogeneities of samples used in the 2008 I/C study, based on analyses for three determinants, were improved compared to those of samples used in the 200 ...
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Vol. 88. No 3 - June 2010
is an issue of Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Meteorological Society of Japan, 2010Contains:
- Mechanisms of Temporary Improvement and Rapid Changes in Visibility in Fogs
- Changes in Potential Intensity of Tropical Cyclones Approaching Japan due to Anthropogenic Warming in Sea Surface and Upper-Air Temperatures
- Convective Boundary Layer above a Subtropical Island Observed by C-band Radar and Interpretation using a Cloud Resolving Model
- Role of Large-Scale Circulation in Triggering Foehns in the Hokuriku District of Japan during Midsummer
- Diurnal Variations in Lower-Tropospheric Wind over Japan ...
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Tropical Cyclone Initialization with Dynamical Retrieval from a Modified UWPBL Model
Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Vol.88 No.5. Ma Lei-Ming; Tan Zhe-Min - Meteorological Society of Japan, 2010A new scheme, termed Vortex Initialization with the Assimilation of Retrieved Variables (VIRV), is presented to improve the initialization of regional numerical model for Tropical Cyclone (TC) prediction. In this scheme, the horizontal winds in Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) and the sea level pressure (SLP), retrieved from Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) data obtained using a modified University of Washington Planetary Boundary Layer (UWPBL) model, are assimilated with a cycled three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) technique to produce the initialized analysis. The procedures of retrieval are i ...
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Has the Drake Passage Played an Essential Role in the Cenozoic Cooling?
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, Volume 3 Number 5. Zhang Zi-Yin; Gong Zhong-Shi; Yan Qing; et al. - Science Press, 2010The Drake Passage is the seaway between South America and Antarctica. It is widely believed that the thermal isolation effects caused by the opening of the Drake Passage played an important role in the abrupt cooling that occurred at the Eocene-Oligocene boundary in the Cenozoic. These effects are also thought to be independent of the geometry of the passage. Here, the authors demonstrate that the climate impacts of the Drake Passage depend on the passage geometry by comparing the climate’s sensitivity to the opening of the Drake Passage under the present and the Early Eocene land-sea configur ...
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Statistical Reconstruction of the Antarctic Oscillation Index Based on Multiple Proxies
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, Volume 3 Number 5. Zhang Zi-Yin; Gong Dao-Yi; He Xue-Zhao; et al. - Science Press, 2010Based on multiple proxies from the Southern Hemisphere, an austral summer (December-January-February: DJF) Antarctic Oscillation Index (AAO) since 1500 A.D. was reconstructed with a focus on interannual to interdecadal variability (< 50 a). By applying a multivariate regression method, the observational AAO-proxy relations were calibrated and cross-validated for the period of 1957-89. The regressions were employed to compute the DJF-AAO index for 1500-1956. To verify the results, the authors checked the explained variance (r2), the reduction of error (RE), and the standard error (SE). Cross-va ...
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Ensemble Simulations of a Nonlinear Barotropic Model for the North Atlantic Oscillation
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, Volume 3 Number 5. Zhang Dong-Bin; Jin Fei-Fei; Li Jian-Ping; et al. - Science Press, 2010A numerical ensemble-mean approach was employed to solve a nonlinear barotropic model with stochastic basic flows to analyze the nonlinear effects in the formation of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The nonlinear response to external forcing was more similar to the NAO mode than the linear response was, indicating the importance of nonlinearity. With increasing external forcing and enhanced low-frequency anomalies, the effect of nonlinearity increased. Therefore, for strong NAO events, nonlinearity should be considered.
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Analysis of South Asian Monsoons within the Context of Increasing Regional Black Carbon Aerosols
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, Volume 3 Number 4. Mahmood Rashed; Yao Jin-Feng - Science Press, 2010South Asian monsoons were analyzed within the context of increasing emissions of black carbon (BC) aerosols using a global atmospheric general circulation model. The BC aerosols were allowed to increase only over the south Asian domain to analyze the impacts of regional black carbon over the climatological patterns of monsoons. The black carbon significantly absorbed the incoming short wave radiation in the atmosphere, a result that is consistent with previous studies. Pre-monsoon (March-April-May) rainfall showed positive anomalies, particularly for some coastal regions of India. The summer ( ...
UNDP - Green LECRDS Guidance Manuals and Toolkits, 7. Technology Needs Assessment for Climate Change Handbook
UNDP, 2010This updated handbook provides hands-on guidance for identifying the most effective technology options for poverty reduction and climate change mitigation and adaptation. By drawing on decades of experience and inputs from leading experts and practitioners, it brings novel insights for carrying out needs assessments and creating actionable plans as part of national climate change strategies.
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Climate change, hydroconflicts and human security : achievements of and gaps in current policies
CLICO, 2010In contrast with the ubiquitousness of the headlines, empirically‐based research on the relationship between climate change, resource scarcity and conflict is often absent. The new EU project “Climate Change, Hydro‐conflicts and Human Security” (CLICO) will address this research gap. This policy brief presents CLICO’s research agenda regarding policy responses to climate change‐induced hydro‐conflicts. This policy brief is the first in a series of briefs presenting results of the CLICO project, which is funded by the 7th EU Framework Programme.
WWRP, 04. WWRP 2010-4 - 2nd WMO International Workshop on Tropical Landfall Processes (IWTCLP-II)
Severe calamities and fatalities have arisen from landfalling tropical cyclones (TC) around the world in recent years, such as Morakot (August 2009) in western North Pacific, Nargis (May 2008) in Bay of Bengal, Gonu (June 2007) in North Arabian Sea, Bilis (July 2006) in western North Pacific, Katrina (August 2005) in Gulf of Mexico, and Catarina (March 2004) in South Atlantic etc. Transferring the advancements from the research community to operational forecast centers in NMHSs would be helpful for improving the landfalling tropical cyclone (LTC) forecasts and for mitigation of high-impact tro ...
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Assessing the role of economic instruments in a policy mix for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services provision : a review of some methodological challenges
In the context of the EU 2010 goal of halting biodiversity loss, researchers have been called upon to evaluate the role of economic instruments for cost-effective decision-making, as well as non-market methods to assess their benefits. This paper reviews a number of methodological challenges of evaluating and designing economic instruments aimed at biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services provision in an existing policy mix. The study draws on experiences from Brazil and Costa Rica.
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Warming not due to urban heating says research : In Reporting Climate Science
Clifford Leon - 2010Surface temperature increases appear to be independant of wind speed suggesting that urban heating is not responsible for the long-term observed surface warming trend, according to new research that is to be published shortly.
Guidelines for converting between various wind averaging periods in tropical cyclone conditions
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Kepert Jeffrey David; Ginger J.D. - WMO, 2010 (WMO/TD-No. 1555)
Manual para realizar una: evaluación de necesidades en materia de tecnología para el cambio climático
PNUD, 2010Esta Guía actualizada de Evaluación de necesidades en materia de tecnología ha sido diseñada para ayudar a los países a adoptar decisiones informadas en sus elecciones de tecnología. Basándose en lecciones de esfuerzos de ENT anteriores de la última década, ofrece un enfoque sistemático para realizar evaluaciones de necesidades en materia de tecnología a fin de identificar, evaluar y establecer prioridades de medios tecnológicos para mitigación y adaptación. También proporciona procesos y metodologías para revelar brechas en capacidades y marcos favorecedores, y para formular un plan de acción ...
手册: 应对气候 变化技术需求评估
UNDP, 2010新版手册是与来自联合执行网络、英国爱丁堡大学环境变化与可持续发展研究中心和 斯德哥尔摩环境研究所（美国波士顿）的专家密切合作的结果。他们对手册的撰写都 做出了巨大的贡献。技术变化专家组的成员也在本书的写作过程中给予了宝贵的意见 和指导。
Guide pour: évaluation des besoins technologiques pour le changement climatique
PNUD, 2010Ce Guide pour l’Évaluation des besoins technologiques pour le changement climatique révisé a été conçu dans le but d’aider les pays à prendre des décisions éclairées quant à leurs choix technologiques. S'appuyant sur les leçons tirées des évaluations des besoins technologiques issues de la dernière décennie, ce guide offre une approche méthodique de l'évaluation des besoins technologiques en vue d'identifier, d’évaluer et de prioriser les moyens technologiques, à la fois pour l'atténuation et pour l'adaptation. Il fournit également des procédés et des méthodes permettant de déceler les lacunes ...
Climate Change Science Compendium 2009
UNEP, 2009The Climate Change Science Compendium is a review of some 400 major scientific contributions to our understanding of Earth Systems and climate that have been released through peer-reviewed literature or from research institutions over the last three years, since the close of research for consideration by the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report.
WCRP Implementation Plan 2010-2015
The WCRP Implementation Plan 2010-2015 describe the major research activities and initiatives that WCRP will promote and undertake during the next several years. These activities are based on the scientific challenges and opportunities of interest identified by the scientists involved in the programme, as well as on the national and international scientific priorities that would most benefit from the coordination and integration that can be provided by WCRP Projects and Working Groups.
Verification of NCEP-GFS model forecast versus NCEP/CPC RFE over DRCONGO from October to December 2008 : NOAA Project Report
Kalaki Kasongo Ado - NOAA, 2009Introduction: Model verification is an essential part of a Weather Prediction system. It is a helpful knowledge to enhance the forecaster’s assessment in Weather bulletin production. The aim of this study is to compare the global Forecast system (GFS) model rainfall prediction accumulated for 24 hours and averaged over October, November and December 2008 with the African Rain Fall Estimate (RFE 2.0) (Love et al.,2002) over DRCongo and the neighboring areas (from 15S to 6N latitudes and from 10E to 32E longitudes) fig.0.
Understanding the predictabilty and seasonal rainfall variability patterns during OND and JFM over DRCongo
The objective of this work is thus to enhance an understanding on the regional and global patterns that may contribute to the knowledge of the variability and predictability of OND and JFM rains season over DRC for a better prediction of the rains season and also to improve the DRC seasonal models for a better decisions makers, and also assist potentials users on their needs.
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Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR), 1496. Challenges and opportunities in research on climate, weather, water and environment : research aspects of an Enhanced Climate; Weather, Water and Environmental Prediction Framework
Advances in the geophysical sciences and computing have led to a number of opportunities for WMO. First, the distinction across timescales from weather to climate prediction is becoming more blurred; second the incorporation of chemical, hydrological and biological processes into weather and climate models will allow a much broader range of environmental parameters to be forecast, including air quality, flooding, sand and dust storms, changes in vegetation etc. Third, many of the applications and impacts of weather and climate share a common underlying scientific basis.
2008/No. 4 - August 2008 - Researching Pacific weather
is an issue of MeteoWorld. WMO, 2008Contains:
- Food security
- WCC-3: Better climate information for a better future
- Researching Pacific weather
- El Niño/La Niña
- Lakes and reservoirs
- Forest fires
- Network visualization
- Upper-air observing systems
2008/N° 4 - Août 2008 - Recherche météorologique sur le Pacifique
is an issue of MétéoMonde. OMM, 2008Contient:
- Sécurité alimentaire
- Lacs et réservoirs
- Incendies de forêt
- Visualisation de réseaux
Atmospheric Monitoring and Inverse Modelling for Verification of National and EU bottom-up GHG inventories : report of the Workshop "Atmospheric Monitoring and Inverse Modelling for Verification of National and EU Bottom-up GHG Inventories" under the Mandate of Climate Change Committee Working Group I, Casa Don Guanella, Ispra, Italy (08-09 March 2007)
The workshop "Atmospheric monitoring and inverse modelling for verification of national and EU bottom-up GHG inventories" was held on 08-09 March 2007 in Ispra, Italy, under the mandate of European Climate Change Committee Working Group 1, as follow-up of a first workshop on 23-24 October 2003. This report presents the summary and conclusions of the workshop and summaries of all workshop presentations.
Interdisciplinary geoscience studies of the Gulf of Cadiz and Western Mediterranean basins
Interdisciplinary scientific studies were conducted from the RV Professor Logachev on the continental margins and in the basins of the Gulf of Cadiz and Western Mediterranean Sea during the 14th Training-through-Research cruise of UNESCO –IOC.
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RAAOM report, 35. Research activities in atmospheric and oceanic modelling
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; CAS/JSC Working Group on Numerical Experimentation - WMO, 2005 (WMO/TD-No. 1276)
Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment, phase I
The Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP), sponsored by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the International Council for Science (ICSU), and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), has amassed an outstanding record of accomplishments during the first phase of its planned program. From bringing hydrology, land surface, and atmospheric sciences communities together, to showing the importance of understanding soil moisture/atmosphere an ...
Climate Change: Research Priorities [Flyer]
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RAAOM report, 34. Research activities in atmospheric and oceanic modelling
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; CAS/JSC Working Group on Numerical Experimentation - WMO, 2004 (WMO/TD-No. 1220)
Rip Currents: NWS Mission and Partnerships
This module discusses the basics of rip current formation and detection as well as the partnerships between the National Weather Service, National Sea Grant College Program, and the United States Lifesaving Association as they relate to rip current safety. This is one of three modules on forecasting rip currents.
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RAAOM report, 33. Research activities in atmospheric and oceanic modelling
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; CAS/JSC Working Group on Numerical Experimentation - WMO, 2003 (WMO/TD-No. 1161)
WMP Report Series, 40. Register on National Weather Modification Projects 2001-2002
As part of the activities which WMO carries out in its Programme on the Physics and Chemistry of Clouds and Weather Modification Research, a Register of National Weather Modification Projects is kept. The Register has existed since 1975 when the Seventh World Meteorological Congress agreed that an inventory of activities within Member countries related to weather modification should be initiated and maintained. Periodic reviews have all recommended that the Register be continued. The Register is providing information also of interest to number of UN programmes outside WMO. This present Registe ...
IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange - Seventeenth session
UNESCO, 2003
IOC Regional Committee for the Co-operative Investigation in the North and Central Western Indian Ocean - Fifth session : summary report
UNESCO, 2003
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RAAOM report, 32. Research activities in atmospheric and oceanic modelling
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; CAS/JSC Working Group on Numerical Experimentation - WMO, 2002 (WMO/TD-No. 1105)
WMP Report Series, 38. Register on National Weather Modification Projects 2000
This present Register is the twenty third such publication issued. It is based on information obtained from Member countries on experiments and operations sponsored by government agencies or private concerns that took place during 2000.
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気象研究所技術報告 = Technical Reports of the Meteorological Research Institute 
