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气候知识支持气候行动
世界气象组织 (WMO) - 世界气象组织 (WMO), 2014
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¿Es posible ahora culpar al calentamiento global de la meteorología extrema?
Siempre que un episodio meteorológico extremo —ola de calor, crecida, sequía, etc.— aparece en los titulares de algún medio de comunicación, alguien en algún lugar señala con dedo acusador al cambio climático provocado por el ser humano.
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Creación de capacidad en la evaluación de modelos y en el apoyo a la toma de decisiones del CORDEX
Los informes de evaluación del clima en los ámbitos estatal, nacional e internacional son importantes a la hora de ofrecer una base científica que permita comprender y evaluar los impactos de la variabilidad climática y del cambio climático en sectores económicos tales como la agricultura y la alimentación, los recursos hídricos, la energía y el transporte.
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Proyecto de predicción subestacional a estacional: tendiendo un puente entre el tiempo y el clima
En las últimas décadas se han alcanzado grandes progresos en el desarrollo y las aplicaciones de la predicción del tiempo a medio plazo y la predicción estacional del clima. El proyecto de predicción subestacional a estacional acercará a las comunidades meteorológicas y climáticas para afrontar las escalas de tiempo implicadas, aprovechando la experiencia compartida y complementaria y los conocimientos de predicción, investigación y aplicaciones, en busca de sistemas de predicción del tiempo y del clima que presenten una mayor continuidad e integración.
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Del barco a la costa: cómo llevar la meteorología en tiempo real a las aulas
Una parte importante del Marco Mundial para los Servicios Climáticos es el desarrollo de las habilidades científicas para el estudio del tiempo y del clima.
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Cómo capear el riesgo del cambio climático
El cambio climático es tan duro con la economía como lo es con la sociedad. Los eventos meteorológicos y climatológicos extremos se han cobrado un alto precio en los últimos años, llevándose cientos de miles de vidas y causando pérdidas económicas por encima de 380 000 millones de dólares de Estados Unidos —una cifra que se espera se duplique cada 12 años—.
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Previsión de impactos climáticos mundiales y regionales, riesgos e implicaciones políticas
Boletín, Vol. 61(2). OMM, 2013¿Cuál sería la eficacia y el coste de una política para mitigar el cambio climático causado por el ser humano? ¿Qué ventajas y riesgos conlleva el esperar a una mejor comprensión por parte de la ciencia?
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El Marco Mundial para los Servicios Climáticos — Innovación y adaptación
Boletín, Vol. 61(2). OMM, 2013La innovación y la adaptación no solo han permitido a la humanidad sobrevivir sino también alcanzar nuevas cotas. La innovación condujo al desarrollo de nuevas herramientas y dio lugar a la industrialización, a la informatización y a un sinfín de avances científicos, con consecuencias positivas y negativas.
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Предсказуемость за пределами детерминистических ограничений
Традиционная концепция детерминистических ограничений подвергается сомнению путем рассмотрения возможности определенной успешности прогнозирования во всех временных масштабах от часов до
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Эволюция климата под влиянием деятельности человека
Полезно вспомнить, что ученые говорят об эволюции климата под влиянием повышенного парникового эффекта, обусловленного деятельностью человека.
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Фотовыставка – «Одна планета. Одна цивилизация» Фильм Гаэла Дерива
Бюллетень, Том 61 (1). BMO, 2013Это жители Эфиопии, Непала, Кирибати, Бразилии, канадской территории Нунавут и Бангладеш. Их связывает то, что они живут на одной планете и принадлежат к одной цивилизации. У каждого из них свой неповторимый образ жизни, основанный на опыте существования в разных климатических зонах планеты, будь то экваториальная, полузасушливая, муссонная, горная, океаническая или полярная зона.
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Инициатива Устойчивая энергетика для всех и смягчение изменения климата
В этой статье вкратце рассматривается вопрос о том, какую пользу может принести для смягчения изменения климата достижение целей Инициативы Организации Объединенных Наций Устойчивая энергетика для всех.
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Погода, климат и вода – движущая сила нашего будущего
Бюллетень, Том 61 (1). BMO, 2013Каждый год 23 марта отмечается Всемирный метеорологический день в ознаменование вступления в силу в 1950 г. Конвенции ВМО, учредившей Организацию.
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Фонд зеленого климата
Бюллетень, Том 61 (1). BMO, 2013Фонд зеленого климата создается как глобальный канал, по которому потечет большая часть финансовых средств, выделяемых для изучения климата. Это механизм целевого распределения денежных средств в размере 100 миллиардов долларов США, которые развитые страны обязуются к 2020 г.
Adaptation to climate change in the southern mediterranean: a theoretical framework, a foresight analysis and three case studies
This report addresses the main policy relevant questions about climate change adaptation in the Mediterranean region and provides answers based on a theoretical framework applied to the case of three Mediterranean countries, namely Türkyie, Egypt and Tunisia. The first sections deals with adaptation to climate change from a theoretical viewpoint, covering not only economic issues, but also fairness and international agreements on mitigation and adaptation.
The second part makes use of the conceptual framework developed in the theoretical discussion to analyse the adaptation-rel ...
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Establishing links between disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation in the context of loss and damage : policies and approaches in Bangladesh
The aim of this paper is to examine the challenges of addressing loss and damage through national institutional arrangements that integrate disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA) in Bangladesh. Published as part of the Germanwatch Loss and Damage Initiative, it analyses DRR and CCA policies, strategies, institutions and approaches, and identifies areas where greater synergy may be achieved.
The paper recommends that the following steps be undertaken: develop a comprehensive policy on the integration of DRR and CCA to address loss and damage; establish policy a ...
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Cities in developing countries and their development in response to climate change and resource scarcity
Johannessen L.M. - Evidence on Demand, 2013Future Fit is a DFID Executive Management Committee initiative, to produce a vision and strategy for the department’s response to the challenges and opportunities that climate change and resource scarcity pose for poverty reduction and development. The Future Fit strategy asks the question what strategic shifts in front line sectors - Food, Water, Energy, and Cities - are needed to protect development gains and respond to the challenge of climate change and resource scarcity. Answers to this question will feed into the review of the DFID business model and resource allocation. As part of this ...
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CAWCR technical report, 61. Improvements in atmospheric physical parameterizations for the Australian Community Climate and Earth-System Simulator (ACCESS)
The Australian Community Climate and Earth-System Simulator (ACCESS) is a new coupled ocean and atmosphere climate modelling system being developed at the Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research (CAWCR). ACCESS uses the UK Met Office Unified Model (Met UM, Davies et al. 2005) as its atmospheric component, which is coupled with the GFDL Ocean Model version 4.1 (MOM4p1, Griffies et al. 2009) and the Los Alamos National Laboratory Sea Ice Model version 4.1 (CICE4, Hunke and Lipscomb 2010), using the numerical coupler OASIS3.25 (Valcke 2006). The development of ACCESS has followed ...
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Adapting agriculture to climate change
This brief deals with adapting Australia’s agriculture to climate change, especially broadacre farming, and is based mainly, but not exclusively, on experiences in southern South Australia. It highlights key needs to support future adaptation, including investment in education, social science research, seasonal weather predictions and policy certainty and adaptability.
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Adaptation: decision making under uncertainty
Ranger N. - Evidence on Demand, 2013The second Topic Guide is now available for download. ‘Adaptation: Decision Making Under Uncertainty’ is a peer-reviewed report about the latest thinking on how to manage climate change in development decisions. Author Dr Nicola Ranger – Senior Research Fellow at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) – finds that whilst climate change will affect the long-term outcomes of many development interventions, dealing with it need not be complicated, nor prevent action.
全球气候 2001-2010年 - 气候极端事件十年 决策者摘要
从十年的视角出发，有可能评估各种趋 势并预见未来。这一视角还能够为开发业务 气候服务的努力提供参考依据，而通过气候 服务可为农业、卫生、灾害风险、水资源和 其它部门的决策过程提供信息和预报。目前 正在通过WMO牵头的全球气候服务框架协 调这方面的努力。
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USAEE Working Paper, 13-105. Mitigating climate change in Nigeria: fuel subsidy removal as a possible policy option
Abraham Terfa Williams - SSRN, 2013This paper argues that policies that discourage the demand for non-renewable energy can be used to cut down CO2 emission as it would help to discourage consumption patterns away non-renewable energy sources. The transmission mechanism can be deduced from the high price that the withdrawal of fuel subsidy would bring and the resultant downward adjustment in non-renewable energy use in consumption and production (such as emission from vehicles) which would bring about reduction in total emission. The study focused on Nigeria as a significant oil producing country in Sub Saharan Africa and employ ...
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Urban poverty, food security and climate change
This paper argues that the high and volatile food prices that triggered a renewed interest in food security since the 2008–09 crisis are expected to continue due to the impacts of climate change. It notes that current policy is focused on food production; however, a broader approach based on food systems would be more appropriate as it encompasses all aspects of food production, storage, distribution and consumption. As most low-income groups in both rural and urban areas are net buyers of food, access and affordability are central concerns. There is also a need for more attention to urban foo ...
WCDMP, 81. WMO Workshop on Climate Monitoring including the Implementation of a Climate Watch System in RA I with focus on eastern and southern Africa
Congress during its sixteenth session in 2011 welcomed the decision of the Commission for Climatology during its fifteenth session in 2010 for improving WMO Climate System Monitoring including related methodologies and dissemination of monitoring reports for timely information on extreme weather and climate events occurring on large scale and having high socioeconomic impacts. A brochure called "Assessment of the observed extreme conditions during the 2009/2010 boreal winter" was published by WMO in 2010 and is now followed by this supplement to the WMO annual statement on the status of the g ...
تغير املناخ 2013 : األساس العلمي الفيزيائي
ملخص لصانعي السياسات
وامللخص الفني
تغير املناخ 2013 األساس العلمي الفيزيائي
واألسئلة املتواترة
Climate Change 2013 - The Physical Science Basis : summary for policymakers, technical summary and frequently asked questions
IPCC, 2013
German Climate Observing Systems : Inventory report on the Global Climate Observing Systems (GCOS)
Deutscher Wetterdienst, 2013
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ACQWA - Assessing Climate impacts on the Quantity and quality of WAter : a large integrating project under EU R&D Framework Programme (FP7)
Université de Genève, 2013
Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis
IPCC, 2013"Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis" is the contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. This comprehensive assessment of the physical aspects of climate change puts a focus on those elements that are relevant to understand past, document current, and project future climate change.
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Tried and tested: learning from farmers on adaptation to climate change
There exists a wealth of largely overlooked experience that has been accrued over generations by small-scale farmers and pastoralists in poor countries as they cope with climatic extremes and increasing uncertainty – climate-change related or otherwise. IIED has 40 years’ experience of working with these producers; this Gatekeeper paper draws lessons from this wealth of knowledge in order to inform adaptation planning efforts at all levels. The paper underscores how measures to increase climate change resilience must view food, energy, water and waste management systems as interconnected and m ...
GCOS, 171. The GCOS Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN): Guide
The GCOS Reference Upper‐Air Network (GRUAN) guide provides both mandatory operating requirements and guidelines on how to achieve the operating protocols specified in the GRUAN Manual (GCOS‐170). Mandatory operating protocols are distinguished by the words “must” or “shall” while guidelines are distinguished by the words “could” or “should”. The primary goals of GRUAN are to provide vertical profiles of reference measurements suitable for reliably detecting changes in global and regional climate on decadal time scales, initially for temperature, pressure and water vapour, with ...
GCOS, 170. The GCOS Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN): Manual
This GCOS (Global Climate Observing System) Reference Upper‐Air Network (GRUAN) Manual describes mandatory operating protocols (distinguished by use of the words “must” or “shall”) which describe what is expected of participating sites, the GRUAN Lead Centre, and the Working Group on GRUAN (WG‐GRUAN) to achieve the goals of GRUAN. These protocols have the status of requirements in a technical resolution, which sites within GRUAN are expected to follow or implement.
GCOS, 166. GCOS Workshop on Observations for Adaptation to Climate Variability and Change
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 2013The goals of the workshop were to identify observational requirements for adaptation, to review the Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) to determine their adequacy for adaptation, and to support the development of a new implementation plan to address the gaps and deficiencies identified. The workshop was closely aligned with the implementation of the GFCS. Consistent with the four GFCS priority areas, individual sessions addressed agriculture, water resources, health, and disaster risk reduction issues, among others. In addition, the sessions on data rescue and da ...
GCOS, 167. Report of the Fifth GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation and Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-5)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 2013The fifth GCOS Reference Upper Air Network (GRUAN) Implementation and Coordination Meeting (ICM5) was held at the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) at De Bilt, the Netherlands, from 25 February to 1 March 2013 with support from the US GCOS Program Office at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Climatic Data Centre (NCDC), the NOAA Climate Program Office (CPO) and the GCOS Secretariat at the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The meeting also included a site visit at the Cabauw Experimental Site for Atmospheric Research (CESAR) an ...
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