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Le climat en Afrique en 2013
Les grandes tendances météorologiques et climatiques observées ces dernières décennies en Afrique se sont maintenues: 2013 a été l’une des années les plus chaudes depuis 1950 au moins, les températures s’établissant au-dessus de la moyenne dans la plupart des sous-régions. Les précipitations ont été proches des normales à l’échelle du continent, malgré plusieurs phénomènes extrêmes. Le Mozambique a subi en janvier l’une des dix inondations les plus meurtrières survenues dans le monde cette année-là. À l’inverse, la Namibie et les pays voisins ont souffert d’une grave sécheresse due à un net dé ...
Prévoir l'évolution du système terrestre de la minute au mois
La publication rassemble des «livres blancs» qui présentent l’état d’avancement de la météorologie et les grands défis à relever pour progresser encore. Dans chaque chapitre, les auteurs ont cherché à récapituler des éléments fondamentaux présentés à la Conférence. Le thème directeur de l’ouvrage comme de la Conférence est le «continuum de prévision du système terrestre de quelques minutes à plusieurs mois». La publication s’organise en chapitres portant notamment sur les observations et l’assimilation des données, la prévisibilité et les différents processus, la prévision numérique du système ...
La predicción sin discontinuidad del sistema tierra : de minutos a meses
El presente libro reúne documentos informativos elaborados para describir la situación actual de la ciencia y debatir los principales desafíos para seguir avanzando. Los autores de cada capítulo han tratado de recopilar los aspectos científicos clave presentados en la primera Conferencia científica abierta sobre meteorología mundial. El tema principal del presente libro y la Conferencia es “La predicción sin discontinuidad del sistema Tierra: de minutos a meses”. El libro está estructurado en varios capítulos que abordan temas relacionados con las observaciones y la asimilación de datos, la pr ...
Vagues de chaleur et santé : guide pour l’élaboration de systèmes d’alerte
Organisation météorologique mondiale (OMM); Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) - OMM, 2015 (OMM-No. 1142)Le présent guide a été rédigé conjointement par l’OMM et l’OMS pour décrire les enjeux des effets sanitaires de la chaleur à l’intention des professionnels des SMHN et des services nationaux de santé. Il explique comment une bonne maîtrise des aspects relatifs à la biométéorologie, à l’épidémiologie, à la santé publique et à la communication sur les risques représentés par la chaleur, considérée comme un aléa, peut se révéler utile pour l’élaboration d’un SACS dans le cadre d’un plan canicule plus large. Ce guide expose les aspects pratiques d’un SACS au niveau générique et n’a pas vocation à ...
El clima en África: 2013
En África, las críticas tendencias meteorológicas y climatológicas imperantes durante los últimos decenios continuaron en 2013, que fue uno de los años más cálidos en el continente desde al menos 1950 y en el que se registraron temperaturas superiores a la media en la mayoría de las regiones. A escala continental, se registraron precipitaciones cercanas a la media. No obstante, varios fenómenos extremos afectaron a la región. Las crecidas que asolaron Mozambique en enero estuvieron entre las 10 más graves del año en el mundo por el número de muertes, mientras que en Namibia y los países vecino ...
Riesgos al sur: diversidad de riesgos de desastres en Argentina
Esta publicación ofrece un estado del arte sobre los riesgos de desastres en Argentina y reflexiones sobre las formas de abordarlos desde las ciencias sociales. Los 17 trabajos publicados muestran la complejidad del territorio argentino y dan cuenta de la comprensión de los fenómenos naturales y la amenaza que estos representan cuando las sociedades son vulnerables.
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Потенциальное влияние на климат Китайского проекта по регулированию расхода воды на плотине «Три ущелья»
Бюллетень, Том 62. BMO, 2014Китайский проект «Три ущелья» (далее – Проект) вызы- вает высокую озабоченность как в Китае, так и за рубе- жом. Люди обсуждают аргументы за и против строи- тельства такой крупномасштабной плотины и спорят относительно ее возможного влияния на местную окружающую среду. С того момента, когда плотина «Три ущелья» начала поднимать уровень воды, стали часто появляться сообщения об экстремальных явле- ниях в этом районе, включая засухи и паводки.
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тень ВМО 62, Специальный выпуск - 2013 г. | 23 Уменьшение опасности бедствий и управление связанными с бедствиями рисками в условиях изменения климата
Бюллетень, Том 62. BMO, 2014Уменьшение опасности бедствий (УОБ) является одним из основных направлений деятельности ВМО и одной из четырех приоритетных областей в рамках Глобальной рамочной основы для климатического обслуживания. Согласно анализу данных EM-DAT1 за 1970–2009 гг., в этот период зарегистрировано 7 870 стихийных бедствий, вызванных климатическими, гидрологическими и мете- орологическими опасными явлениями, в результате которых погибло 1 860 000 человек и причинен эконо- мический ущерб на сумму 1,954 триллиона долларов США (в ценах 2011 г.). Стихийные бедствия задержи- вают социально-экономическое развитие на ...
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Устойчивость к воздействию погоды и климата: Обеспечение эффективной готовности с помощью национальных метеорологических и гидрологических служб1
Столкнувшись с растущей опасностью связанных с пого- дой и климатом стихийных бедствий, которые могут отбросить экономическое и социальное развитие назад на многие годы, мировое сообщество должно принять незамедлительные меры по укреплению национальных метеорологических и гидрологических служб (НМГС). Укрепление необходимо осуществить таким образом, чтобы эти малоэффективные службы, особенно в странах развивающегося мира, трансформировались в полноцен- ные профессиональные учреждения, способные предо- ставить нужную информацию нужным людям в нужное время. Несмотря на то, что цена, которую прид ...
Atlas of Mortality and Economic Losses from Weather, Climate and Water Extremes (1970–2012)
The Atlas of Mortality and Economic Losses from Weather, Climate and Water Extremes (1970–2012) seeks to raise awareness of these and other challenges to collecting and analysing disaster risk information. It presents a worldwide analysis of extreme weather, climate and water events, drawing on the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT), compiled by the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED). The Atlas compares the reported impacts of meteorological, climatic and hydrological extremes (as categorized by CRED) on people and economies at both global and regional levels.
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Les déterminants du coût des catastrophes naturelles : le rôle du changement climatique en France
Peinturier Cédric; Ministère de l'Écologie, du Développement durable et de l'Énergie (MEDDE) - Gouvernement de France, 2014L’objectif de l’étude est d’établir un bref état de l’art dans le domaine de l’économie des risques naturels et du changement climatique, afin, à la fois, de donner des clés de lecture des événements passés et de comprendre les points critiques des prochaines décennies.
L’étude s’appuie sur de nombreuses publications scientifiques. Elle constitue une synthèse, non exhaustive, des réflexions et travaux menés au cours des dernières années par les experts économistes et techniques. Il s’agit d’abord d’expliquer, sur la base de ces travaux scientifiques, l’augmentation des coûts des ...
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Can't afford to wait: why disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation plans in Asia are still failing millions of people
Oxfam, 2014This briefing note is calling for governments across Asia to increase efforts to address climate-related disasters – and for them to be backed by regional and global institutions and with fair contributions from wealthy countries. It argues that greater investment is needed in development that is resilient to climate change and disasters, and more effective assistance is needed for those at risk. Without it, disasters on the scale of super-typhoon Haiyan could fast become the norm, not the exception.
DBCP Technical Document, 49. Proceedings of the Second Capacity Building Workshop of the DBCP for the North Pacific Ocean and its Marginal Seas (NPOMS-2) : Application of Regional Ocean Observations for Increasing Society’s Understanding and Forecasting of Typhoons
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Recommendations for the post-2015 Hyogo Framework for Action (HFAII) : calling for increased attention to the need for integrated water and wetland management to reduce disaster risk
This paper summarizes a set of recommendations on wetlands for inclusion in the post-2015 HFA, calling for increased attention to the need for integrated water and wetland management to reduce disaster risk. It argues that emerging trends in disaster risks underline the need to consider the role of water and wetland management as important elements of disaster risk reduction and risk management strategy as wetlands are crucial in regulating the water cycle by reducing peak flood flows, storing excessive precipitation or recharging groundwater.
World risk report 2014: focus - the city as a risk area
Alliance Development Works ; United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS) - UNU, 2014This WorldRiskReport (WRR) consists of an index, a priority topic and case studies. The index describes the disaster risk for various countries and regions. The WorldRiskReport was developed in close cooperation between scientists and practitioners. Combined expertise, i.e. scientific structure and procedure and practical competence distinguish this report from comparable academic studies.
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Rapidly assessing flood damage in Uttarakhand, India
This brochure is part of a series highlighting the World Bank's achievements in disaster risk management initiatives. It reports on the Joint Rapid Damage Needs Assessment (JRDNA) conducted immediately in the aftermath of the 2013 monsoons, which triggered the collapse of a glacial lake dam and causing heavy flooding and landslides that claimed upwards of 4,000 lives and affected nearly a million people. This brochure describes the approach taken in recovering from to these events and offers lessons learned.
Tropical Cyclone Intensity Analysis
This lesson provides guidance for operational forecasters needing to combine different intensity methods to determine the intensity of a tropical cyclone. Each of the intensity methods is summarized, focusing on both strengths and weaknesses. These methods include the Dvorak technique, surface observations, scatterometry, the Advanced Dvorak Technique (ADT), microwave sounders (AMSU), SATCON, and subjective interpretation of passive microwave patterns. Consideration of the previous intensity estimate and forecast is also examined. Three case studies task the learner with combining the various ...
Primary Influences on Water Temperature for Inland Streams
This lesson explores the primary influences, or drivers, on water temperature of inland streams and rivers. We use a simulated flight, or flyover, where we look down at the features of the South Boise River in Idaho. An unregulated as well as a regulated reach of the river are explored (above and below the Anderson Ranch Reservoir), with a look at cross sections of the river and its environment at key locations during the flyover. We explore how environmental factors (climate, geography, stream morphology) impact water temperatures. Then, after defining the factors that affect water temperatur ...
Climate Variability and Change Lectures, July 2013
This lesson presents 13 recorded presentations from the 29 July–2 August, 2013 offering of the Climate Variability and Change Virtual Course (CVCVC). This five-day live facilitated online course provided an extensive background on a range of climate variability and change topics with an emphasis on developing communication skills for challenging climate topics. The topics covered in this course, while aimed primarily at NOAA operational climate services delivery staff will also be helpful for others who already possess a basic level of understanding of climate science. Presentations include: W ...
Establishment and Operation of a Flood Information System in the Hindu Kush Himalayas “Making information travel faster than floods”, HKH HYCOS User Phase 2015-2019 : Project Document
International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WMO, 2014Submitted to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Government of Finland by International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), Kathmandu, Nepal
SDS-WAS. Regional Center for Northern Africa, Middle East and Europe of the WMO Sand and Dust Storm Warning Advisory and Assessment System : activity report 2010-2012
This report presents the Center’s activities in the 2010-2012 period. It reports on its efforts to build capacity in the region and to develop user services to reduction of adverse impacts of dust in countries heavily impacted by dust storms. There remain important SDS-WAS research issues to be considered and it is hoped that the Center will continue to play a coordinating role in addressing these. These research topics include the assimilation of observations in numerical dust prediction models; role of dust chemical/mineral composition on health and environment; direct and indirect interacti ...
SPC SOPAC Published Report, 187. Hydrometeorological Disasters in the Pacific
Holland Paula; United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) - Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC), 2014It is a long accepted fact that the Pacific is one of the most natural disaster prone regions in the world. Aside from the threat of seismic events, such as earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanic activities, the Pacific region is subject to a wide range of hydrometeorological hazards. […]
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Managing drought, sustaining growth in Djibouti
This brochure is part of a series highlighting the World Bank's achievements in disaster risk management initiatives. The brochure offers lessons learned on managing disaster risk and promoting urban resilience and it presents Bangladesh's path-breaking Urban Resilience Project, the product of a collaborative effort among the government, the World Bank, and GFDRR, which equips key government agencies with state-of-the art emergency management facilities and improves construction permitting processes.
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Haïti, ensemble face aux risques
The booklet gives an overview of disaster risk management (DRM) achievements in the period between January 2010 and January 2015 in Haiti, one of the countries in the world that is most vulnerable to disasters. It presents accomplishments (i) in mainstreaming DRM in the reconstruction work after the 2010 earthquake, (ii) in stronger coordination between stakeholders (the government, NGOs, international donor agencies, etc.), (iii) in improvements in identifying, assessing and monitoring disaster risks, including the use of mapping and spatial technologies, and (iv) in increasing resilience wit ...
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Haiti, facing risks together: achievements in disaster risk management since 2010
The booklet gives an overview of disaster risk management (DRM) achievements in the period between January 2010 and January 2015 in Haiti, one of the countries in the world that is most vulnerable to disasters. It presents accomplishments (i) in mainstreaming DRM in the reconstruction work after the 2010 earthquake, (ii) in stronger coordination between stakeholders (the government, NGOs, international donor agencies, etc.), (iii) in improvements in identifying, assessing and monitoring disaster risks, including the use of mapping and spatial technologies, and (iv) in increasing resilience wit ...
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Promoting the use of climate information to achieve long-term development objectives in sub-Saharan Africa : results from the Future Climate For Africa scoping phase
This report is based on initial research into the use of long-term (5-40 year) climate information in Malawi, Rwanda, Zambia and the coastal cities of Accra, Ghana and Maputo, Mozambique to achieve long-term development objectives in sub-Saharan Africa . The study also assesses how long-term climate information is being used by planners of large dams and ports in Africa. The research finds that governments and businesses are failing to consider long-term climate information in investment planning: in most of the case study countries, not a single example of climate information being effectivel ...
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Beyond reaction : drought and climate change in Central America
CARE International (CI), 2014This document is a joint research report that was presented on the 5th of December during COP20 and on the 9th of December at the People's Summit in Lima, Peru. It argues that, for the construction of new governance under difficult conditions due to the drought and the impacts of climate change in Central America, it is urgent not only to allocate financial resources for adaptation, but also to take synergic actions that will implicate the civil society and the governments.
Based on the expected impacts of climate change for Central America, presented through various forecast s ...
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Natural catastrophes and man-made disasters in 2013
This issue presents an overview, both global and regional, of the catastrophes that occurred in 2013 and their impacts in terms of number of victims and economic and insured losses. It includes a chapter on fostering climate change resilience, which argues that dealing with climate change requires a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions alongside an integrated approach to disaster risk management and describes how cost-effective adaptation measures could avoid up to 68% of climate change risks. It also focuses on Typhoon Haiyan, which was the biggest humanitarian catastrophe of the year.
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Climate finance: is it making a difference? : A review of the effectiveness of multilateral climate funds
This report analyses a decade of contributions and spending to nine major international and two national funds set-up to tackle climate change. Funds have been subject to considerable scrutiny and have become increasingly inclusive, seeking to respond to guidance from diverse stakeholders. Active engagement from civil society and the private sector with these funds can bring new issues and perspectives to bear on decisions made. The report conclusions provide recommendations on how climate-finance architecture can become more effective.
Effective spending of multilateral climat ...
National Drought Management Policy Guidelines : a template for action
The implementation of a drought policy based on the philosophy of risk reduction can alter a nation’s approach to drought management by reducing the associated impacts (risk). This was the idea that motivated the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the Secretariat of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), in collaboration with a number of UN agencies, international and regional organizations, and key national agencies, to organize the Highlevel Meeting on National Drought Policy (HMNDP), which ...
Turn down the heat: confronting the new climate normal
World Bank the - World Bank, 2014This report focuses on the risks of climate change to development in Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East and North Africa, and parts of Europe and Central Asia. For each region, the report addresses the regional patterns of climate change, such as heat extremes, extreme precipitation, droughts, tropical cyclones/hurricanes, and sea-level rise.
Building on earlier Turn Down the Heat reports, this new scientific analysis examines the likely impacts of present day (0.8°C), 2°C and 4°C warming above pre-industrial temperatures on agricultural production, water resource ...
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Resilience to extreme weather
The Royal Society, 2014This document investigates how we can reduce the impact of extreme weather today while preparing ourselves for future changes, and what we can do to build our resilience. The authors explore these and other key questions to help inform important decisions about adaptation and risk reduction that are being made at global, national and local levels.
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Financial protection against natural disasters : from products to comprehensive strategies - an operational framework for disaster risk financing and insurance
This publication proposes an operational framework to guide countries in developing and implementing sustainable and cost-effective financial protection policies and operations which complement investments in risk reduction, prevention, and building resilience in order to support governments, businesses, and households manage the financial impacts of disaster and climate risks without compromising sustainable development, fiscal stability, or wellbeing. It addresses residual risk, which is either not feasible or not cost effective to reduce or prevent. It also takes stock of the progress in th ...
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Review of the zero draft of the post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction
This paper presents the Overseas Development Institute and CDKN experts' analysis and suggestions for improvement of the latest draft of the post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction (DRR), which governments will look over in Geneva on the 17th and 18th November. This meeting represents the last major gathering before the World Conference on DRR in Sendai, Japan in March 2015.
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Managing disaster risks for a resilient future : a work plan for the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery 2015-2017
This work plan lays out how the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) will continue to implement its Strategy 2013–2015. It responds to priorities articulated by disaster-prone countries based on GFDRR’s established relationships with partners through its portfolio of projects. It focuses on activities and results to be supported by the new multi-donor trust fund (MDTF), for which GFDRR must mobilize new resources. It also includes activities and results to be financed in FY15 from the balance of the existing MDTFs. Additional activities have been separately planned using ...
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Working as one : a road map to disaster resilience for Australia
Barnes Paul; Bergin Anthony; Nichola Daniel; et al. - Australian government publishing service, 2014This special report offers a roadmap for enhancing Australia’s disaster resilience, building on the 2011 National Strategy for Disaster Resilience. It includes a snapshot of relevant issues and current resilience efforts in Australia, outlining key challenges and opportunities. It sets out 11 recommendations to help guide Australia towards increasing national resilience, from individuals and local communities through to state and federal agencies.
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Tourism and disaster risk : a contribution by the United Nations to the consultation leading to the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR)
United Nations, 2014This document provides some recommendations for addressing disaster risk in tourism in the post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction. It presents: (i) status of mainstreaming disaster risk reduction in tourism; (ii) the drivers for mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into the tourism sector; (iii) recommendations for addressing disaster risk in tourism in the post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction; (iv) measuring disaster risk in tourism; (v) a list of agencies contributing and a brief description of institutional commitment; and (vi) key documents/source of additional info.
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Infrastructure and disaster : a contribution by the United Nations to the consultation leading to the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR)
United Nations, 2014This document provides recommendations for addressing disaster risk in infrastructure in the post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction. It presents: (i) the status of mainstreaming disaster risk reduction in the infrastructure sector, reporting on the progress and highlighting some emerging trends; (ii) the drivers for mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into the infrastructure sector; (iii) recommendations for addressing hazard risks in the infrastructure sector in the post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction; (iv) measuring disaster risk in the infrastructure sector; (v) a lis ...
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Hyogo Framework for Action, post-2015 : what would we like to see. Voices from the field
This Delphi study aims to feed lessons learned from working and implementing projects on disaster risk reduction (DRR) in the field into the policy dialogue on a HFA2. The study is designed to build a bridge between field practitioners and policy makers. The key messages are derived from DRR practice, based on the perspectives of Civil Society Organizations which work with men and women in affected communities. The study provides concrete evidence for the importance of a holistic and integrated approach to DRR and the roles of multiple actors in increasing community resilience and reducing the ...
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