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Атмосферная пыль: опасность для здоровья человека, окружающей среды и общества
В последнее десятилетие научное сообщество осоз- нало важное влияние атмосферной пыли на климат, здоровье человека, окружающую среду и различ- ные социально-экономические секторы. ВМО и ее Члены, приступив в 2004 г. к использованию систем мониторинга, прогнозирования и заблаговременного предупреждения об атмосферной пыли, находятся на передовом рубеже деятельности, связанной с оценкой этого влияния и разработкой продукции, содейству- ющей выработке политики в области обеспечения готовности, адаптации и смягчения последствий. 1 2
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Выпуск в Китае заблаговременных предупреждений с учетом возможных последствий и оценки рисков
Китай является одной из стран, наиболее подверженных воздействию опасных явлений. В период с 1984 по 2014 г. метеорологические опасные явления в среднем ежегодно уносили 4 066 жизней и наносили прямой экономический ущерб в размере 192,2 млрд китайских юаней (30,5 млрд долларов США), что составляет 2 % внутреннего вало- вого продукта Китая. Показатель среднегодовых убытков (отношение прямых экономических убытков к годовому ВВП) снизился наполовину – с 2,08 % в период с 1984 по 2000 г. до 1,03 % в период с 2001 по 2014 г. – благодаря повышению эффективности мер по предотвращению и смягчению посл ...
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На пути к существенному уменьшению опасности бедствий в 2030 г.
Бюллетень, Том 64(2). BMO, 2016Сендайская рамочная программа действий по умень- шению опасности бедствий на 2015–2030 гг. (Сен- дайская рамочная программа), принятая 18 марта, является первым крупным соглашением в повестке дня на 2015 год. Ее семь глобальных целей и четыре прио- ритетных направления действий чрезвычайно актуальны для ВМО. Уменьшение опасности бедствий является одной из семи приоритетных областей деятельности Организации. Защита жизни, источников существования и собственности занимает центральное место в рамках ее миссии, и поэтому ВМО будет поддерживать Сендай- скую рамочную программу посредством осуществле ...
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Climate risk early warning systems in Europe
WMO is establishing networks of Regional Climate Centres (RCCs) to support Members, through their National Meteorological and Hydrological Services, in better meeting their climate-related goals. Droughts, heatwaves, cold waves, floods, extreme storms, land¬slides, bush and forest fires and coastal erosion, to name just a few, are often triggered by large-scale climate drivers such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation. Thus, efficient and effective early warning systems for such climate extremes require cross-border collabora¬tion. The setting up of RCC networks for early warning systems to ant ...
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Disaster-related displacement in a changing climate
Climate-related displacement is already a global reality. Every year, the lives of millions of people are affected when they are displaced by the impacts of weather and climate hazards. Some of the largest disasters make the international headlines, but most disasters do not even make the national news. Yet, for poor and vulnerable families struggling to survive, even a small weather-related event can make an enormous impact on their lives. The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) has estimated that between 2008 and 2014, an annual average of at least 22.5 million people were displac ...
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La Chine se dote de systèmes d’alerte précoce axés sur les impacts et sur les risques
La Chine est l’un des pays les plus durement touches par les conditions meteorologiques. Entre 1984 et 2014, ces phenomenes ont provoque en moyenne, chaque annee, la mort de 4 066 personnes et des pertes economiques directes de 192,2 milliards de yuan (30,5 milliards de dollars E. U.) – 2 % du produit interieur brut (PIB). Le coefficient de perte annuel moyen (pertes economiques directes/ PIB annuel) est passe de 2,08 % au cours de la periode 1984–2000 a 1,03 % entre 2001 et 2014, grace a l’amelioration des mesures de prevention et d’attenuation des catastrophes. Meme reduit de moitie, ce coef ...
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Vers une réduction substantielle des risques de catastrophes d’ici à 2030
Bulletin, Vol. 64(2). OMM, 2016Le Cadre de Sendai pour la reduction des risques de catastrophe (2015–2030) a ete adopte le 18 mars dernier; il s’agit du premier accord d’envergure signe au titre du programme d’action de 2015. Ses sept objectifs mondiaux et quatre priorites interessent particulierement l’OMM, qui a fait de la reduction des risques de catastrophe l’un de ses sept domaines d’action prioritaire. La protection des personnes, des moyens de subsistance et des biens est au coeur de la mission de l’Organisation – qui soutiendra donc le Cadre de Sendai par un large eventail d’activites scientifiques et techniques.
Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 1: Climate Variability and Change
Climate is changing at unprecedented rates in recorded history. A variety of lines of evidence demonstrate that climate change is likely to affect the hydrologic cycle and thus create new challenges in water management. This requires that climate change information be included in water and water-related resources planning, operations, and management. Climate and Water Resources Management, Part 1: Climate Variability and Change describes the terminology, global evidence, regional manifestations, and basic science of global climate variability and anthropogenic change, with a focus on water res ...
Climate Variability and Change for Water Resources Management - International Edition
Climate is changing at unprecedented rates in recorded history. A variety of lines of evidence demonstrate that climate change is likely to affect the hydrologic cycle and thus create new challenges in water management. This requires that climate change information be included in water and water-related resources planning, operations, and management. Climate Variability and Change for Water Resources Management - International Edition describes the terminology, global evidence, regional manifestations, and basic science of global climate variability and anthropogenic change, with a focus on wa ...
SatFC-G: Tropical to Extratropical Transition
This lesson uses water vapor satellite imagery from Himawari-8 to describe the typical extratropical transition of a tropical cyclone. The Himawari-8 imager previews comparable capabilities coming online with the GOES-R ABI imager. The lesson also provides a brief overview of subtropical cyclones and their transition to tropical cyclones. This lesson is a part of the NWS Satellite Foundation GOES-R Course.
TsunamiReady: Guidelines for Mitigation, Preparedness, and Response
The TsunamiReady® program began in 2001 to promote tsunami hazard preparedness and improve public safety before, during, and after tsunami emergencies. In 2015, the National Weather Service updated the TsunamiReady Guidelines based directly on emergency management principles and with input from the social sciences. This training provides an overview of the 2015 guidelines, which are focused on mitigation, preparedness, and response. The training will equip community officials and others interested in becoming TsunamiReady with strategies for streamlining their implementation of the guidelines. ...
NWS JetStream: Online School for Weather
JetStream - An Online School for Weather is a free teaching resource covering a wide variety of weather topics and weather safety. It provides educators, emergency managers, or anyone interested in learning about weather with comprehensive, well-organized, colorfully illustrated curricula. Each section or “module” includes “learning lessons", classroom experiments that use common household items demonstrating various aspects of weather. JetStream is developed and maintained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) National Weather Service and is not produced, owned or ho ...
Sea Level Change: Basics
This lesson describes the physical processes, both natural and human-induced, that lead to changes in sea level. The processes described include climate induced changes in ocean heat content and volume, natural oceanic cycles, and both natural and human-induced changes in coastal land elevation. The learning is enhanced with rich graphics and periodic questions.
Best Practices in Tropical Cyclone Briefings
Crafting clear, concise and effective messages focused on customer needs is a crucial skill in every decision-support situation. Tropical cyclones that threaten a coastline have the potential to inflict devastating damage to communities and communicating relevant weather information will assist decision-makers in their plans and preparation work. This lesson examines how to effectively prepare for the hurricane season and then focuses on how best to support NWS partners through meteorological briefings during tropical cyclone events. Basic familiarity with probabilistic forecast guidance is re ...
Météo et criquets pèlerins
Organisation météorologique mondiale (OMM); Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'Alimentation et l'Agriculture (FAO) - OMM, 2016 (OMM-No. 1175)La présente publication est avant tout un guide de référence général destiné au personnel des centres nationaux de lutte antiacridienne et des SMHN des pays victimes du criquet. Toutefois, elle sera également utile au plus grand nombre car elle permet d’en savoir davantage sur le criquet pèlerin et les phénomènes météorologiques ayant une incidence à son égard. On y trouvera des informations de base sur la biologie et le comportement du criquet pèlerin, ainsi qu’un historique des invasions, une analyse des facteurs météorologiques qui influent sur le développement de ce ravageur et des conseil ...
GAW Report, 230. Airborne dust : from R&D to operational forecast : 2013-2015 Activity Report of the SDS- WAS Regional Center for Northern Africa, Middle East and Europe
The 18th WMO/IAEA Meeting on Carbon Dioxide, Other Greenhouse Gases, and Related Measurement Techniques (GGMT - 2015) took place from 13 to 17 September 2015 at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla (CA), USA. It was the 40 th anniversary of the first GGMT meeting (then called "CO 2 Experts Meeting") which was also held at Scripps in 1974. WMO has provided the framework for all carbon dioxide experts meetings since 1975. IAEA in Vienna joined WMO as a co - organizer in 1997 due to the increased use of carbon isotopes in studying the carbon cycle. The meeting reviewed current WMO ...
Variability of the West African summer Monsoon and its relation to the SSTA over the Atlantic Ocean
This study investigates spatial and temporal features of the West African Summer Monsoon (WASM) and its relation to the Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly (SSTA). The variability of the WASM from June to September was analyzed during the period 1960-2013, with methods including EOF analysis of the precipitation anomaly and SSTA and the associated large scale circulation pattern. The result from the first EOF-Mode of the precipitation anomaly which has the highest positive loadings over the region shows that during the summer, the precipitation anomalies are positives in the Sahel and the Sahara. ...
Weather and Desert Locusts
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) - WMO, 2016 (WMO-No. 1175)
The Global Climate in 2011–2015
This report describes the evolution of the climate system during the period 2011–2015. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has assessed this five-year period in order to contribute to a better understanding of multiyear warming trends and extreme events that can help governments to implement the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change more effectively.
Global Assessment of Sand and Dust Storms
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) - UNEP, 2016The specific objectives of the assessment are to:
1. Synthesise and highlight the environmental and socio-economic causes and impacts of SDS, as well as available technical measures for their mitigation, at the local, regional and global levels.
2. Show how the mitigation of SDS can yield multiple sustainable development benefits.
3. Synthesize information on current policy responses for mitigating SDS.
4. Present options for an improved strategy for mitigating SDS at the local, regional and global levels, building on existing institutions and agreements.
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TCP. WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones - Forty-third session : final report
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) - WMO, 2016
International Workshop on Satellite Analysis of Tropical Cyclones II (IWSATC-II), Report and Recommendations : final report
In this report, we summarize the reported changes in TC satellite analysis techniques since IWSATC-I (2011) and highlight the continued development of existing objective analysis methods as well as the emergence of new algorithms.
Flash Flood Guidance System (FFGS) with global coverage
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United States Agency for International Development (USAID); et al. - WMO, 2016Flash Flood Guidance System with global coverage (Res 21, Cg-XV) enhances early warning capabilities of the NMHSs, currently covers fifty two (52) countries and more than two billion people around the world saving lives and decreasing economic losses.
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