Measurement and simulation of the 16/17 April 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcanic ash layer dispersion in the northern Alpine region

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), Vol. 11. N° 3. Emeis S.; Forkel R.; Junkermann W.; et al. - Copernicus GmbH, 2011

The spatial structure and the progression speed of the first ash layer from the Icelandic Eyjafjallajökull volcano which reached Germany on 16/17 April is investigated from remote sensing data and numerical simulations. The ceilometer network of the German Meteorological Service was able to follow the progression of the ash layer over the whole of Germany. This first ash layer turned out to be a rather shallow layer of only several hundreds of metres thickness which was oriented slantwise in the middle troposphere and which was brought downward by large-scale sinking motion over Southern Germa ...

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Measurement and simulation of the 16/17 April 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcanic ash layer dispersion in the northern Alpine region

  Available online: http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-2689-2011

S. Emeis ; R. Forkel ; W. Junkermann ; K. Schäfer ; H. Flentje ; S. Gilge ; W. Fricke ; M. Wiegner ; V. Freudenthaler ; S. Groβ ; L. Ries ; F. Meinhardt ; W. Birmili ; C. Münkel ; F. Obleitner ; P. Suppan

in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP) > Vol. 11. N° 3 [03/01/2011] . - p.2689-2701

The spatial structure and the progression speed of the first ash layer from the Icelandic Eyjafjallajökull volcano which reached Germany on 16/17 April is investigated from remote sensing data and numerical simulations. The ceilometer network of the German Meteorological Service was able to follow the progression of the ash layer over the whole of Germany. This first ash layer turned out to be a rather shallow layer of only several hundreds of metres thickness which was oriented slantwise in the middle troposphere and which was brought downward by large-scale sinking motion over Southern Germany and the Alps. Special Raman lidar measurements, trajectory analyses and in-situ observations from mountain observatories helped to confirm the volcanic origin of the detected aerosol layer. Ultralight aircraft measurements permitted the detection of the arrival of a second major flush of volcanic material in Southern Germany. Numerical simulations with the Eulerian meso-scale model MCCM were able to reproduce the temporal and spatial structure of the ash layer. Comparisons of the model results with the ceilometer network data on 17 April and with the ultralight aircraft data on 19 April were satisfying. This is the first example of a model validation study from this ceilometer network data.

Language(s): English

Format: Digital (Free)

Tags: Alps, the ; Region VI - Europe ; Atmosphere ; Airborne ash ; Volcanic Eruption ; Natural hazards Add tag

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GAW Report, 195. WMO/GAW Expert Workshop on Global Long-term Measurements of Nitrogen Oxides and Recommendations for GAW Nitrogen Oxides Network

World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Gilge S.; Plass-Duelmer C.; et al. - WMO, 2011 (WMO/TD-No. 1570)

Nitrogen oxides are a component of a group of reactive gases required to be measured in the GAW Programme. The reactive gases group focuses on gases known to be intimately involved in various aspects of the chemistry of the troposphere and includes surface ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and sulphur dioxide (SO2), as well as oxidized nitrogen species. The sum of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) has traditionally been called NOx. The sum of oxidized nitrogen species with an oxidation number >1, both organic and inorganic, is referred to as ...

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 WMO/GAW Expert Workshop on Global Long-term Measurements of Nitrogen Oxides and Recommendations for GAW Nitrogen Oxides Network

  Available online: Full text

World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; S. Gilge ; C. Plass-Duelmer ; I. Galbally ; N. Brough ; J. Bottenheim ; F. Flocke ; H. Gerwig ; J. Lee ; M. Milton ; F. Rohrer ; T.B. Ryerson ; M. Steinbacher ; K. Torseth ; R. Wielgosz ; Kazuto Suda ; H. Akimoto ; Oksana Tarasova

Event: WMO/GAW Expert Workshop on Global Long-term Measurements of Nitrogen Oxides and Recommendations for GAW Nitrogen Oxides Network (8-9 October 2009; Hohenpeissenberg, Germany)

Published by: WMO ; 2011

Nitrogen oxides are a component of a group of reactive gases required to be measured in the GAW Programme. The reactive gases group focuses on gases known to be intimately involved in various aspects of the chemistry of the troposphere and includes surface ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and sulphur dioxide (SO2), as well as oxidized nitrogen species. The sum of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) has traditionally been called NOx. The sum of oxidized nitrogen species with an oxidation number >1, both organic and inorganic, is referred to as NOy (see Table 1 for individual molecules) (Fahey et al.,1985). Nitrous oxide (N2O) is obviously an oxide of nitrogen but it is not dealt with in this report because it is inert in the troposphere. It is measured separately by another component in the GAW Programme because of its role as a greenhouse gas.
The focus of this report is on NO and NO2 mostly because their measurements are presently more extensive and it is thus easier to establish high quality measurements with a fully implemented quality assurance system. Measurements of total NOy are presently undertaken in the GAW framework but the measurement quality control and calibration methodology is deemed not mature enough at present to recommend the inclusion of total NOy measurements for GAW.

Collection(s) and Series: WMO/TD- No. 1570; GAW Report- No. 195

Language(s): English

Format: Digital (Free) (ill., charts, maps)

Tags: Observations ; Reactive Gases ; Nitrous oxide (N2O) ; Measure ; Global Atmosphere Watch Programme (GAW) ; GAW 195 Add tag

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