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GCOS, 252. 30th Session of the GCOS Steering Committee
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2023
GCOS, 249. Second GCOS Climate Observation Conference (GCOS 249)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2023
GCOS, 251. 25nd Session of the Ocean Observations Panel for Physics and Climate (OOPC-25) (GCOS-251)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2023
GCOS, 250. Report of the Fourteenth GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-14)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2023
GAW Report, 278. Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2022 (GAW 278)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2022To help maintain a broad understanding of the relationship between ozone depletion, ODSs, and the Montreal Protocol, this component of the Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014 presents 20 questions and answers about the often-complex science of ozone depletion. Most questions and answers are updates of those presented in previous Ozone Assessments, and a few have been expanded to address newly emerging issues. The questions address the nature of atmospheric ozone, the chemicals that cause ozone deple tion, how global and polar ozone depletion occur, the extent of ozone depletion, the ...
GCOS, 248. 27th Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (GCOS 248)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022
GCOS, 244. The 2022 GCOS Implementation Plan (GCOS-244)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022
GCOS, 245. The 2022 GCOS ECVs Requirements (GCOS 245)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022
GCOS, 247. First Task Team on GCOS Surface Reference Network = Dublin, Ireland 21-24 June 2022
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022
GCOS, 243. 29th Session of the GCOS Steering Committee
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022
GCOS, 242. Report of the Thirteenth GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-13)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022
GCOS, 241. 26th Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC-26)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021
GCOS, 238. GCOS Joint Panels Meeting (AOPC-26, OOPC-24 and TOPC-23)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021
ORM11 GAW 271, 271. Report of Part II of the Eleventh Meeting of the Ozone Research Managers of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (Online Meeting, 19-23 July 2021)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); Part II of the Eleventh Meeting of the Ozone Research Managers of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (Online Meeting, 19-23 July 2021) - WMO, 2021
United In Science 2021 : A multi-organization high-level compilation of the latest climate science information
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); et al. - WMO, 2021
GCOS, 240. The Global Climate Observing System 2021: The GCOS Status Report
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021
GCOS, 239. حالة النظام العالمي لرصد المناخ لعام 2021 : ملخص تنفيذي
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021
GCOS, 239. 全球气候观测系统现状报告（2021）: 执行摘要
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021
GCOS, 239. Глобальная система наблюдений за климатом: Резюме
Всемирная Метеорологическая Организация (BMO); United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - ВМО, 2021
GCOS, 239. Estado del Sistema Mundial de Observación del Clima: Resumen ejecutivo
Organización Meteorológica Mundial (OMM); United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - OMM, 2021
SMOC, 239. Système mondial d’observation du climat: Résumé
Organisation météorologique mondiale (OMM); United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - OMM, 2021
GCOS, 239. The Global Climate Observing System 2021: Executive Summary
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021
GCOS, 237. Report of the Twelfth GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-12)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021
GCOS, 236. GCOS Steering Committe Twenty-eighth Session (GCOS SC-28)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2021
GCOS, 234. 25th Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC-25)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2020
GCOS, 233. Virtual Session for the 23rd Session of the Ocean Observations Panel for Climate
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2020
United In Science 2020 : A multi-organization high-level compilation of the latest climate science information
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); et al. - WMO, 2020
GCOS, 235. Report of the 9th Session of the GTN-H Panel
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU) - WMO, 2020
GCOS, 232. Report of the twenty-seventh session of the WMO-IOC-UNEP-ISC steering committee for GCOS
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2020
GCOS, 231. WMO GCOS/WIGOS Caribbean Workshop on Observations for Climate and Meteorology
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019
United In Science 2019 : High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information convened by the Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); et al. - WMO, 2019
GCOS, 226. GCOS Surface Reference Network (GSRN) : Justification, requirements, siting and instrumentation options
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019This report is produced by the GSRN Task Team and provides a proposal for the establishment of a GCOS Surface Reference Network, with the support of the GCOS programme, relevant programmes at WMO and the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). It outlines the next steps required for the implementation of a GSRN: approval of the proposed GSRN by relevant WMO programmes, the GCOS programme and other sponsors, solicitation of offers to host and staff appropriately the proposed Lead Centre, and the selection of suitable sites for an initial GSRN.
GCOS, 229. Plan for improving observations around Lake Victoria that support numerical weather predictions, climate services and adaptation
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019
GCOS, 230. Report of the Eleventh GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-11)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019
GCOS, 228. GCOS Joint Panels Meeting Report
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019
GCOS, 227. Lightning for Climate : A Study by the Task Team on Lightning Observation For Climate Applications (TT-LOCA) Of the Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019“The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs” (GCOS, 2016), further referred to as “GCOS Implementation Plan”, calls in its Action A29 for defining “the requirement for lightning measurements, including data exchange, for climate monitoring and to encourage space agencies and operators of ground-based systems to strive for global coverage and reprocessing of existing datasets”. The GCOS Implementation Plan was endorsed by the Commission for Basic Systems (CBS) at its Sixteenth session (WMO, 2016) and CBS decided “to support Members, as appropriate, in the implementation of th ...
GCOS, 223. Weather Radar Data Requirements for Climate Monitoring
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019Action A24 of the GCOS Implementation Plan (GCOS-200), calls for the implementation of an archive for radar reflectivities. The Commission for Basic Systems (CBS) at its Sixteenth session (WMO-1183) endorsed the GCOS Implementation Plan and “Decides to support Members, as appropriate, in the implementation of the actions identified in the GCOS Implementation Plan”. EC-69 (WMO, 2017 - WMO, 1196) invited members “To work towards the full implementation of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) implementation plan.”
At the 22nd Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for ...
GCOS, 224. Report of the twenty-sixth session of the WMO-IOC-UNEP-ISC steering committee for GCOS
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019
Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2018 (GORMP 58)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2018The Assessment documents the advances in scientific understanding of ozone depletion reflecting the thinking of the many international scientific experts who have contributed to its preparation and review. These advances add to the scientific basis for decisions made by the Parties to the Montreal Protocol. It is based on longer observational records, new chemistry- climate model simulations, and new analyses.
Global uppvärmning på 1,5ºC : Sammanfattning för beslutsfattare
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - SMHI, 2018
Aquecimento Global de 1,5°C : Sumário para Formuladores de Políticas
Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - IPCC, 2018
Global Warming of 1.5°C
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) - IPCC, 2018An IPCC special report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty.
1,5 °C Globale Erwärmung : Zusammenfassung für politische Entscheidungsträger
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - IPCC, 2018
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GCOS, 217. 21st Session of the Ocean Observations Panel for Climate (the GOOS Physics and Climate Panel) (OOPC-21)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018
GCOS, 218. 23rd Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC-23)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018
GCOS, 216. 8th Session of the GTN-H Panel
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018
GCOS, 213. Report of the first meeting of the GCOS/CCl Task Team on Lightning Observations for Climate Applications (TTLOCA-1)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018The meeting opened with a welcome to all participants from the Task Team on Lightning Observations for Climate Applications (TTLOCA) Chairman, Robert Holzworth. He introduced the panel and participating Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) secretariat staff, Valentin Aich and Caterina Tassone.
GCOS, 222. Systematic observations and the Paris agreement : Report of the Task Team on the Paris Agreement
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018The Paris Agreement will drive climate policy for many years to come. It establishes a science-based cycle of reporting (through the Transparency Framework), assessment (the Global Stocktake) and increasing ambition of action to address climate change (Nationally Determined Contributions, NDC). The Agreement has three main aims: to limit the global temperature increase, to increase the adaptive capabilities of the Parties, and to increase the making finance flows consistent with a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions and climate-resilient development.
The Paris Agreement covers ...
Understanding the IPCC Special Report on 1.5°C
In 2015 governments adopted the Paris Agreement to tackle climate change (see below) and invited the IPCC to prepare a special report in 2018 to assess the impacts and related pathways of warming of 1.5ºC. This brief provides context and explanation of key concepts for policymakers, media and others about the Special Report on 1.5°C, scheduled to be published, subject to approval, by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on 8 October 2018. This brief is produced prior to the release of the report and therefore does not contain results from the report itself.
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GCOS, 219. 20th Session of the GCOS/WCRP Terrestrial Observation Panel for Climate (TOPC-20)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018
GESAMP - Reports and Studies, 97. The magnitude and impacts of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen inputs to the ocean
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO); United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); et al. - WMO, 2018The present global modelling study of the Nr atmospheric cycle and Nr deposition to the ocean is the first that evaluates past, present and future Nr atmospheric deposition accounting for ON primary sources as well as for secondary ON chemical formation as a N-dependent process. While the total Nr deposition to the ocean is not expected to change significantly by 2050, the relative importance of oxidized and reduced N is expected to change, with an increasing proportion of ammonium compared to nitrate, resulting from more efficient controls on terrestrial emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) com ...
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GCOS, 220. Report of the Tenth GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation and Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-10)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018
GCOS, 215. Report from 1st Meeting of the Task Team GCOS Upper Air Network (TT-GUAN-1)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2017The meeting was opened with a welcome to all participants from Dr Franz Berger, Director of the Lindenberg Observatory.
Peter Thorne agreed to be the meeting chair and welcomed everyone to the meeting.
Tim Oakley, GCOS Secretariat, welcomed everyone on behalf of WMO and GCOS, introduced Caterina Tassone and Valentin Aich from the GCOS Secretariat and thanked all participants for taking the time to attend the meeting and take an active role in this Task Team.
All other members of the task team introduced themselves. The list of participants can be found in Annex 5.
GCOS, 214. Report of the 1st Meeting of the GCOS Surface Reference Network (GSRN) Task Team
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2017The meeting was opened with a welcome to all participants from Prof. Ray O’Neill, Vice-President of Research and Innovation of the University of Maynooth, Ireland. Caterina Tassone, GCOS Secretariat, introduced Tim Oakley, from GCOS Secretariat and Howard Diamond, Chairman of the Task Team. All other members of the task team introduced themselves. The list of participants can be found in Annex 11. The agenda (Annex 1) was adopted.
GCOS, 212. Report for 1st Meeting of GCOS/CCl Task Team on the use of Weather radar for Climate Studies
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2017The first meeting of the AOPC task team on the use of weather radar for climate studies, was held at FMI, Helsinki, from August 30th to August 31st 2017. The meeting is hosted by Elena Saltikoff (FMI-Finland), chairperson of the Task Team. Bernard Urban (Météo-France-France) participates as radar expert, Rainer Hollman (DWD-Germany) as AOPC representative, Caterina Tassone for GCOS secretariat. Also present in the first part of the meeting are Aku Riihela and Terhikki Manninen from SCOPE-CM.
GCOS, 211. Report of the Ninth GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation and Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-9)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2017The 9th GRUAN Implementation and Coordination Meeting (ICM-9) was hosted by the Finnish Mete-orological Institute (FMI) from 12 to 16 June 2017 in Helsinki, Finland. It benefitted from support by the local hosts, NOAA, and from the NOAA US GCOS office. The meeting included:
• A special session on Arctic research relevant to GRUAN.
• A special session dedicated to management of the change from RS92 radiosondes to alterna-tive sondes.
• An optional visit to the Vaisala factory outside Helsinki.
• A break-out session on GAIA-CLIM outreach.
• An optional MeteoMet ...
GCOS, 210. Report of the twenty-fifth session of the WMO-IOC-UNEP-ICSU Steering Committee for GCOS
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2017
GCOS, 209. 19th Session of the GCOS /WCRP Terrestrial Observation Panel for Climate (TOPC-19)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2017"This meeting [had] to consider its work plan which [included]
• A status report or similar in 4 years and update of IP in 5 years;
• Reviewing the performance of ECV observations and progress on actions in the implementation plan;
• Consideration of Adaptation Needs -> what does it mean for panel/observations;
• The proposal for Evaporation/Latent Heat Flux.
During the discussion it was stressed that the new work cycle of the TOPC after the release of the GCOS implementation plan will be challenging particularly because adaptation and mitigation will become ...
GCOS, 207. 22nd Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC-22)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2017
GCOS, 206. Indicators of Climate Change Outcome of a meeting held at WMO 3 February 2017
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2017
GCOS, 200. The Global Observing System for Climate : Implementation Needs
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2016This publication provides background in terms of requirements and recommendations for a functional and robust Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). Global climate monitoring, including water and greenhouse-gas fluxes, supports and serves the programmes of WMO and its Member States, especially with a view towards the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and implementation of the Paris Agreement. While observations are the focus of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs), aspects of climate-related policy are covered by many different government departments. Al ...
Global Assessment of Sand and Dust Storms
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) - UNEP, 2016The specific objectives of the assessment are to:
1. Synthesise and highlight the environmental and socio-economic causes and impacts of SDS, as well as available technical measures for their mitigation, at the local, regional and global levels.
2. Show how the mitigation of SDS can yield multiple sustainable development benefits.
3. Synthesize information on current policy responses for mitigating SDS.
4. Present options for an improved strategy for mitigating SDS at the local, regional and global levels, building on existing institutions and agreements.
...
Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014 - Twenty Questions and Answers about the Ozone Layer: 2014 update (GORMP 56)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2015To help maintain a broad understanding of the relationship between ozone depletion, ODSs, and the Montreal Protocol, this component of the Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014 presents 20 questions and answers about the often-complex science of ozone depletion. Most questions and answers are updates of those presented in previous Ozone Assessments, and a few have been expanded to address newly emerging issues. The questions address the nature of atmospheric ozone, the chemicals that cause ozone deple tion, how global and polar ozone depletion occur, the extent of ozone depletion, the ...
GCOS, 199. 21st Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC-21)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2015
GCOS, 198. Report of the Seventh GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation and Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-7)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2015
GCOS, 197. Minutes of the working meeting for GCOS Reference Upper Air Network (GRUAN)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2015
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Promoting ecosystems for disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation : Opportunities for Integration
This discussion paper examines differences and similarities between ecosystem-based approaches to disaster risk reduction (Eco-DRR) and ecosystem-based approaches to adaptation (EBA).
It suggests key integration points at the project level through examining a number of Eco-DRR, EBA and hybrid (Eco-DRR/CCA) projects. A total of 38 (Eco-DRR, EBA and hybrid Eco-DRR/CCA) projects are examined in terms of their aims, assessments, implementation, monitoring and evaluation (M&E) and policy and institutional contexts to understand how in practice these approaches differ and overlap and ...
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Africa's adaptation gap 2 : technical report
While the first Africa Adaptation Gap Report demonstrated how delaying action would result in exponentially rising costs down the road, this second report now turns to possible solutions to respond to this urgency. Based on the analyses contained in this report, policy makers can consider how all options at international, regional and national levels can complement each other.
The report builds on the UNEP 2014 emissions gap report that asserts that by 2050, Africa’s adaptation costs could rise to USD 50 billion per year for a scenario holding global warming below 2°C, and up to ...
Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014 - Assessment for Decision-Makers (GORMP 55)
The present document will be part of the information upon which the Parties to the United Nations Montreal Protocol will base their future decisions regarding ozone-depleting substances, their alternatives, and protection of the ozone layer. It is the latest in a long series of scientific assessments that have informed the Parties.
GORMP, 54. Report of the Ninth Meeting of the Ozone Research Managers of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer
WMO, 2014
2013 Supplement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories - Wetlands : Methodological guidance on lands with wet and drained soils, and constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) - IPCC, 2014The 2013 Supplement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories: Wetlands (Wetlands Supplement) extends the content of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines by filling gaps in coverage and providing updated information reflecting scientific advances, including updating emission factors. It covers inland organic soils and wetlands on mineral soils, coastal wetlands including mangrove forests, tidal marshes and seagrass meadows and constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment. The coverage of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines on wetlands was restricted to peatlands drained and managed for pea ...
GCOS, 166. GCOS Workshop on Observations for Adaptation to Climate Variability and Change
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 2013The goals of the workshop were to identify observational requirements for adaptation, to review the Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) to determine their adequacy for adaptation, and to support the development of a new implementation plan to address the gaps and deficiencies identified. The workshop was closely aligned with the implementation of the GFCS. Consistent with the four GFCS priority areas, individual sessions addressed agriculture, water resources, health, and disaster risk reduction issues, among others. In addition, the sessions on data rescue and da ...
GCOS, 167. Report of the Fifth GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation and Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-5)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 2013The fifth GCOS Reference Upper Air Network (GRUAN) Implementation and Coordination Meeting (ICM5) was held at the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) at De Bilt, the Netherlands, from 25 February to 1 March 2013 with support from the US GCOS Program Office at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Climatic Data Centre (NCDC), the NOAA Climate Program Office (CPO) and the GCOS Secretariat at the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The meeting also included a site visit at the Cabauw Experimental Site for Atmospheric Research (CESAR) an ...
GCOS, 169. Summary Report and Recommendations from the Eighteenth Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC-XVIII)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 2013
GCOS, 168. Summary Report of the Fifteenth Session of the GCOS/WCRP Terrestrial Observation Panel for Climate (TOPCXV)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 2013The Terrestrial Observation Panel for Climate (TOPC) was established to develop a balanced and integrated system of insitu and satellite observations of the terrestrial ecosystem. The Observation Panel focuses on the identification of terrestrial observation requirements, assisting the establishment of observing networks for climate, providing guidance on observation standards and norms, facilitating access to climate data and information and its assimilation, and promoting climate studies and assessments. The Global Climate Observing System (GCOS), and the World C ...
Establishing a WMO sand and dust storm warning advisory and assessment system regional node for West Asia : current capabilities and needs - Executive summary
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) - WMO, 2013 (WMO-No. 1122)The report, Establishing a WMO Sand and Dust Storm Warning Advisory and Assessment System Regional Node for West Asia: Current Capabilities and Needs, has been elaborated under the overall supervision of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Atmospheric Research and Environment Branch, with the support of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Regional Office for West Asia. Its aim is to assess the observation and prediction capabilities of sand and dust storms in West Asia and provide guidance in establishing a WMO Sand and Dust Storm (SDS) Warning Advisory and Assess ...
Establishing a WMO sand and dust storm warning advisory and assessment system regional node for West Asia : current capabilities and needs - Technical report
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) - WMO, 2013 (WMO-No. 1121)Sand- and Dust Storms (SDS) are a major problem in West Asia, where their main characteristics – intensity, extent and frequency – are either not well known or have not yet been scientifically addressed. The growing concern of countries in the region about these phenomena has led to a number of high-level international meetings in recent years at which the creation of a system for SDS monitoring and forecasting has repeatedly been raised.
Research priorities on vulnerability, impacts and adaptation responding to the climate change challenge
UNEP, 2013This set of research priorities was developed by the Programme of Research on Climate Change Vulnerability, Impacts and Adaptation (PROVIA) in consultation with both experts and policymakers to respond to the demand for better coordination of research. The research priorities include new and emerging topics, the importance of which is now coming into focus, and topics that have long been recognized as important but for which research is still required. They reflect the balance between research supply from experts and research demand from policymakers.
The focus of the research ...
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Low carbon agriculture
UNEP, 2013The change to a green and better fed world depends on the development of low carbon agriculture. Improving food and nutrition security while protecting the earth’s natural resource base will require a smarter, more innovative, better focused and cost-effective approach.
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Elements of a New Climate Agreement by 2015
A new global climate agreement by 2015 is crucial to keep global warming below the target of maximum 2 degree increase in this century. This will require enhanced ambitions by all Parties and need transformational change towards sustainable, low carbon development and green growth. Scenarios consistent with a likely chance to meet the 2 degree target have a peak of global emissions before 2020. Green growth and low-carbon development strategies show that economic growth and environmental sustainability are compatible objectives by making emission reductions an integral part of national ...
GCOS, 165. GRUAN Implementation Plan 2013-2017
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 2013
The Emissions Gap Report
UNEP, 2012The 2012 report provides the following information: An update of global greenhouse gas emission estimates, based on a number of different authoritative scientific sources; An overview of national emission levels, both current (2010) and projected (2020) consistent with current pledges and other commitments;
An estimate of the level of global emissions consistent with the two degree target in 2020, 2030 and 2050; An update of the assessment of the "emissions gap" for 2020; A review of selected examples of the rapid progress being made in different parts of the world to implement policies ...
21 Issues for the 21st Century: results of the UNEP Foresight Process on Emerging Environmental Issues
UNEP, 2012This study depicts environmental displacement with the premise of increased frequency of natural disasters and the adverse impacts of climate change. Bangladesh is already experiencing recurrent floods, severe cyclones, water logging, salinity intrusions, droughts and river bank erosion which induce mass population displacement. There is no generally agreed definition and scientifically developed methodology to estimate environmental displacement. Proper development guidelines are yet to be adopted to protect the lives and livelihoods of the displaced people who have the right to expect safe l ...
GCOS, 162. Report of the 5th GTN-H Coordination Panel Meeting
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 2012The report presented here thus reports on progress made since the 4th GTN-H Panel meeting in 2009 but it also summarizes achievements of GTN-H since its inception in 2001 including the identification of gaps and further opportunities. Further, the report provides information on the future coordination of GTN-H since the change of coordinators in July 2012 and the review of activities to be undertaken by GTN-H partners.
GCOS, 164. Report of the Twentieth Session of the WMO-IOC-UNEP-ICSU Steering Committee for GCOS
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 2012
GCOS, 163. Report of the Eighth GCOS Cooperation Mechanism Board Meeting
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 2012
GCOS, 161. Report of the Fourth GCOS Reference Upper-Air Network Implementation and Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-4)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 2012The fourth GRUAN Implementation and Coordination Meeting (ICM-4) was held 5 – 9 March 2012 in Tokyo, Japan. The meeting was generously hosted by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) at their headquarters with support from the U.S. GCOS Programme Office at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Climatic Data Centre (NCDC), the NOAA Climate Programme Office (CPO) and the GCOS Secretariat at the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The meeting also included a site visit to the JMA GRUAN site at Tateno.
GCOS, 158. Summary Report and Recommendations from the Seventeenth Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2012
GCOS, 157. Summary Report of the Fourteenth Session of the GTOS/GCOS/WCRP Terrestrial Observation Panel for Climate (TOPC)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU); et al. - WMO, 2012
GAW Report, 203. The Atmospheric Input of Chemicals to the Ocean
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Maritime Organization (IMO); Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO); et al. - WMO, 2012The atmospheric input of chemicals to the ocean is closely related to a number of important global change issues. The increasing input of atmospheric anthropogenic nitrogen species to much of the ocean may cause a low level fertilization of the ocean that could result in an increase in marine 'new' productivity of up to ~3% and thus impact carbon drawdown from the atmosphere. However, the increase in nitrogen inputs are also likely to increase the formation of nitrous oxide in the ocean. The increased emission of this powerful greenhouse gas will partially offset the climate forcing impact res ...
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Report to Congress on Black Carbon
EPA, 2012This report synthesizes and assesses available scientific information on the current and future impacts of black carbon, and evaluates the effectiveness of available black carbon mitigation approaches and technologies for protecting climate, public health, and the environment. US Environmental Protection Agency, 2012.
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Reducing Black Carbon Emissions in South Asia : low Cost Opportunities
EPA, 2012This report is intended to help achieve near-term climate and other benefits by providing information and examples of a variety of low-cost, high-impact and high feasibility opportunities to reduce black carbon emissions in South Asia. The report states this region is especially vulnerable to the multiplicity of impacts attributable to black carbon.
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Central Asia mountains: sustainable mountain development from Rio 1992 to 2012 and beyond
Hughes G.; GRID-Arendal ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - ZOI Environment Network, 2012This report is an illustrated overview of the trends and challenges in sustainable mountain development in Central Asia since 1992. It highlights selected achievements and lessons learned, and identifies opportunities for further progress. It also presents two case studies from Tajikistan addressing the issues of climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction in mountain regions. The first is a study on the Pilot Program for Climate Resilience, and the second is a tree-planting project designed to stabilize hazardous mountain slopes.
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Geoengineering in relation to the convention on biological diversity: technical and regulatory matters
CBD, 2012
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Measuring Glacier Change in the Himalayas: In UN Environment Programme (UNEP) Global Environmental Alert Service (GEAS), September 2012
UNEP, 2012A serious lack of reliable and consistent data severely hampers scientific knowledge about the state of Himalayan glaciers. As a result, the contribution of glacial melt to the Himalayan river basins remains uncertain. This is of grave importance because declining water availability could threaten the food security of more than 70 million people. There is thus an urgent need to improve cross-boundary scientific collaboration and monitoring of glaciers to bridge the knowledge gap and allow policy options to be based on appropriate scientific evidence.
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