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الاستراتيجية الأفريقية المتكاملة بشأن الأرصاد الجوية (2021-2030) : الاستثمار في خدمات الطقس والماء والمناخ والإنذار المبكر من أجل التنمية المستدامة
هذه الاستراتيجية المنقحة للأرصاد الجوية (الطقس والماء والمناخ) للمؤتمر الوزاري الأفريقي للأرصاد الجوية إنما هي استجابة لطلب الدورة العادية الرابعة للمؤتمر الوزاري الأفريقي، المنعقدة في القاهرة بمصر في شباط/ فبراير 2019، بإعداد استراتيجية محدثة. وقد اتفقت الدورة على ضرورة تنقيح استراتيجية المؤتمر الوزاري الأفريقي للأرصاد الجوية لتضمينها القضايا الناشئة المتعلقة بالمساواة بين الجنسين، والبيانات والبنية التحتية، والبحث والتطوير والابتكار، فضلاً عن التعاون بين القطاعين العام والخاص.
متحدون في العلوم 2022 : تقریر رفیع المستوى ومشترك بین عدة منظمات یجمع أحدث البیانات العلمیة المتعلقة بتغیر المناخ وآثاره وسبل الاستجابة له
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) ; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ; et al. - WMO, 2022
State of the Climate in Europe 2021 (WMO-No. 1304)
The WMO State of the Climate in Europe 2021, is the first edition of climate reports to be published annually by the World Meteorological Organization’s Regional Association for Europe (WMO-RA6) and the European Union's Earth observation programme, Copernicus. The report provides the status of key climate indicators using the WMO and partner organizations operational monitoring systems and latest data and information on impacts, risks and policy from United Nations (UN) agencies. It addresses specific physical science, socio-economic and policy aspects that are relevant to WMO-RA6 domain and r ...
Guidelines on the Implementation of Climate Watches (WMO-No. 1299)
This document provides guidelines on the implementation of Climate Watches. It responds to the need for provision of a more practical and easy approach for better understanding each element of the Climate Watch System, particularly the user aspects and their engagement. These guidelines are fundamental for, and aim to support the implementation of Climate Watches at national scales, and thereby, aim to enhance science-based decision making and countermeasures against extreme weather/climate event and anomalous state of climate in changing climate.
Education and Training in a Period of Rapid Change: Highlights of the Fourteenth WMO Symposium on Education and Training (WMO-No. 1291)
This publication explores the importance of discussing the challenges and opportunities of education and training in a period of rapid change. This was the main theme of the Fourteenth WMO Symposium of Education and Training (SYMET-14), and this document summarizes the main conclusions and recommendations from SYMET-14, including the Statement agreed by the participants on the final day of the Symposium.
GAW Report, 276. Izaña Atmospheric Research Center : Activity Report 2019-2020
The Izaña Atmospheric Research Center (IARC), which is part of the State Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET), represents a centre of excellence in atmospheric science. It manages four observatories in Tenerife, including the high altitude Izaña Observatory, which was inaugurated in 1916 and has since carried out uninterrupted meteorological and climatological observations and become a WMO Centennial Station.
This report summarizes the many activities of the Izaña Atmospheric Research Center.
2022团结在科学之中 : 多组织高级别最新气候变化、影响与响应相关科学汇编
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) ; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ; et al. - WMO, 2022
2021년 전지구기후현황 (WMO-No. 1290)
The publication provides a summary on the state of the climate indicators in 2021 including global temperatures trends and its distribution around the globe; most recent finding on Green House Gases concentration, Ocean indicators; Cryosphere with a particular emphasis on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice, greenland ice sheet and glaciers and snow cover; Stratospheric Ozone; analysis of major drivers of inter-annual climate variability during the year including the El Niño Southern Oscillation and other Ocean and Atmshperic indices; global precipitation distribution over land; extreme events includ ...
2021年全球气候状况 (WMO-No. 1290)
The publication provides a summary on the state of the climate indicators in 2021 including global temperatures trends and its distribution around the globe; most recent finding on Green House Gases concentration, Ocean indicators; Cryosphere with a particular emphasis on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice, greenland ice sheet and glaciers and snow cover; Stratospheric Ozone; analysis of major drivers of inter-annual climate variability during the year including the El Niño Southern Oscillation and other Ocean and Atmshperic indices; global precipitation distribution over land; extreme events includ ...
State of Global Water Resources 2021 (WMO-No. 1308)
As a first edition of the annual State of Global Water Resources, this report shows how maps and a graphical summary of streamflow and TWS in river basins worldwide could look in regular reports on global water resources. These maps are based on modelled data (and validated with observed data to the extent possible) and remotely sensed information from the NASA GRACE mission for TWS. Modelled data was used to achieve maximum geographical coverage. The 2021 report also includes chapters on major hydrological events in 2021 and a brief overview of cryosphere changes as they related to water reso ...
COPE Disaster Book Series
What are natural hazards... and disasters? Forces of nature that happen with little warning and occur all over the world, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, landslides, tropical cyclones (and other storms), storm surges, heatwaves, wildfires, droughts and volcanoes.
When these natural hazards pose a threat to humans or the environment they can lead to disasters and cause destruction in a community.
What are storm surges? A sudden rise of water hitting areas close to the coast, usually created by a tropical cyclone, hurricane or other storms. The surge happens because ...
United In Science 2022 : A multi-organization high-level compilation of the most recent science related to climate change, impacts and responses
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) ; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ; et al. - WMO, 2022
2022년도 기후과학합동보고서
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) ; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ; et al. - WMO, 2022
State of the Global Climate 2021 (WMO-No. 1290)
The publication provides a summary on the state of the climate indicators in 2021 including global temperatures trends and its distribution around the globe; most recent finding on Green House Gases concentration, Ocean indicators; Cryosphere with a particular emphasis on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice, greenland ice sheet and glaciers and snow cover; Stratospheric Ozone; analysis of major drivers of inter-annual climate variability during the year including the El Niño Souther Oscillation and other Ocean and Atmshperic indices; global precipitation distribution over land; extreme events includi ...
Assessment Guidelines for End-to-End Flood Forecasting and Early Warning Systems (WMO-No. 1286)
This document provides a framework to the National Hydrological Services (NHSs) to evaluate their capability to deliver accurate, timely, and spatially adequate flood forecasts that can be interpreted by partners and end-users and which support decision-making at various levels. The assessment covers the entire End-to-End Flood Forecasting and Early Warning System (E2E FFEWS) value chain from observations, to data collection, modelling and forecasting, dissemination of warnings and response to these warnings by the end users. With the help of these guidelines, NHSs can identify their strengths ...
Integrated African Strategy on Meteorology (2021-2030) : Investing in weather, water, climate and early warning services for sustainable development
This revised Strategy on Meteorology (Weather, Water and Climate) of the African Ministerial Conference on Meteorology (AMCOMET) is a response to the request of the Fourth Ordinary Session of AMCOMET held in Cairo, Egypt in February 2019 for an updated Strategy. The session agreed that the AMCOMET Strategy on Meteorology should be revised to accommodate emerging issues relating to gender equality, data and infrastructure, research, development and innovation as well as public-private engagement.
State of the Climate in Asia 2021 (WMO-No. 1303)
The report on the State of the Climate in Asia 2021 is the result of collaboration between NMHSs in the region, the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and other specialized agencies of the United Nations. This multi-agency effort provides a summary of the state of climate, extreme events and their socio-economic impacts in Asia region in 2021. The 2021 report is the second in the series of the report.
State of the Climate in South-West Pacific 2021 (WMO-No. 1302)
The report on the State of the Climate in the South-West Pacific 2021 is the result of collaboration between NMHSs in the region, the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and other specialized agencies of the United Nations. This multi-agency effort provides a summary of the state of climate, extreme events and their socio-economic impacts in the Southwest Pacific region in 2021. The 2021 report is the second in the series of the report.
Состояние глобального климата в 2021 году (ВМО-№ 1290)
The publication provides a summary on the state of the climate indicators in 2021 including global temperatures trends and its distribution around the globe; most recent finding on Green House Gases concentration, Ocean indicators; Cryosphere with a particular emphasis on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice, greenland ice sheet and glaciers and snow cover; Stratospheric Ozone; analysis of major drivers of inter-annual climate variability during the year including the El Niño Southern Oscillation and other Ocean and Atmshperic indices; global precipitation distribution over land; extreme events includ ...
حالة المناخ العالمي في 2021 - مطبوع المنظمة رقم 1290
The publication provides a summary on the state of the climate indicators in 2021 including global temperatures trends and its distribution around the globe; most recent finding on Green House Gases concentration, Ocean indicators; Cryosphere with a particular emphasis on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice, greenland ice sheet and glaciers and snow cover; Stratospheric Ozone; analysis of major drivers of inter-annual climate variability during the year including the El Niño Southern Oscillation and other Ocean and Atmshperic indices; global precipitation distribution over land; extreme events includ ...
WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (GHG Bulletin) - No.18: The State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2021
This Bulletin represents the latest analysis of observations from the WMO GAW Programme. It shows globally averaged surface mole fractions for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) and compares them with the mole fractions during the previous year and with the preindustrial levels. It also provides insights on the change in radiative forcing by long-lived GHGs (LLGHGs) and contribution of individual gases to this increase.
Guidelines for the Assessment of Competencies for Provision of Climate Services (WMO-No. 1285)
The WMO EC-68 approved the Competency framework for climate services to help NMHSs and other institutions to deliver high-quality climate services in compliance with WMO standards and regulations, specifically those defined by the Standing Committee on Climate Services (SC-CLI) and the Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS).
WMO Technical Regulations and Guides describe in more detail the practices, procedures and specifications that Members are expected to follow or implement in establishing their arrangements in compliance with the Technical Regulations, and in otherwise develop ...
Guidelines on Implementation of a Coastal Inundation Forecasting–Early Warning System (WMO-No. 1293)
This publication, Guidelines on Implementation of a Coastal Inundation Forecasting - Early Warning System (CIF-EWS) is the result of a resolution of the World Meteorological Congress 18 (2019) to assist vulnerable countries to implement their own CIF-EWS. These Guidelines are based on the successful implementation of demonstration systems in four countries between 2009 and 2019 through the Coastal Inundation Forecasting Demonstration Project (CIFDP) (Swail et al., 2019). Additionally, these Guidelines can be used as a valuable planning tool for coastal zone management, in order to build resili ...
GCOS, 248. 27th Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (GCOS 248)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022
MMO Series, 04. Maritime Forecasting, Meteorology and WMO: History and Evolution
Maritime Forecasting, Meteorology and WMO: History and Evolution traces the history of marine meteorology. In particular, it looks at the introduction of “maritime safety information”, the establishment of METAREAs globally, the development of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Worldwide Met-Ocean Information and Warning Service and their place in the IMO Global Maritime Distress and Safety System.
The International Maritime Conference in Brussels in 1853 resulted in initial steps for standardization in the making and re ...
Guidelines on Communicating Climate Science and Services (WMO-No. 1288)
This Guidance to Communicating Climate Science and Services emerges from the experiences of the WMO Expert Team on Capacity Development and Communications, Task Team on Communications. This publication recommends approaches for National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) to use as they continue to build their climate services. These approaches are supported by a wide breadth of materials, from peer-reviewed papers, technical reports, to committee meeting notes, by a deep depth of understanding from experts worldwide, and by a long length of experience in climate services within NM ...
2022 State of Climate Services: Energy (WMO-No. 1301)
The 2022 WMO State of Climate Services report focuses on the issue of energy, a subject that continues to dominate discussion and debate as it effects every single community, business, sector and economy, in all parts of the world.
Reaching net zero by 2050 will mean a complete transformation of our global energy system, with a switch to lower emissions electricity production and increased energy efficiency at the heart of the worldwide response. But the transition to clean energy calls for investment in improved weather, water and climate services that can be used to ensure our energy ...
GCOS, 244. The 2022 GCOS Implementation Plan (GCOS-244)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022
GCOS, 245. The 2022 GCOS ECVs Requirements (GCOS 245)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022
GCOS, 247. First Task Team on GCOS Surface Reference Network = Dublin, Ireland 21-24 June 2022
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022
OSCAR Series. OSCAR/Surface User Manual
The Observing Systems Capability Analysis and Review tool (OSCAR) of the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) Information Resource (WIR) is a key source of information for WIGOS metadata. The surface- and space-based components of OSCAR are intended to record observing platform/station metadata, according to the WIGOS Metadata Standard described in the Manual on the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WMO-No. 1160) and in the WIGOS Metadata Standard (WMO-No. 1192), and to retain a record of the current and historical WIGOS metadata. This Manual explains how to use OSCAR/Surface, ...
State of the Climate in Africa 2021 (WMO-No. 1300)
The report on the State of the Climate in Africa 2021 is the result of collaboration between the African Union Commission (AUC), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), and other specialized agencies of the United Nations. This multi-agency effort provides informed climate analysis, identifies notable hydro-meteorological events, impacts and risks, and suggests climate actions to build resilience of African nations. The 2021 report is the third in the series, with a special emphasis on water resources, a pivotal sector for human and ecosystem health and sustainable socio-economic developm ...
Basic Documents, 2. Technical Regulations (WMO-No. 49), Volume III: Hydrology
This volume contains definitions of technical terms, a classification of hydrological observing stations, and guidance on the establishment of networks of these stations, their identification, observing programmes, equipment and methods of observation. It also contains a chapter on meteorological services for hydrology.
Centennial Observing Stations: State of Recognition Report – 2021
The brochure documents the status of WMO Centennial Observing Stations per continent, as of 2021. It also describes the background to the WMO Centennial Observing Stations initiative, the recognition criteria and mechanism, and the outlook for future recognition.
A Primer on Public Policy and Management with a Focus on National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (WMO-No. 1289)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Prof. Dodo J. Thampapillai, Prof. Lim Siong Guan, Prof. Caroline Brassard, Prof. Zeger Van Der Wal, Dr Assia Alexieva, Dr Adrian Kuah, Prof. Mukul Asher, Prof. Donald Low and Mr Alvin Li - WMO, 2022 (WMO-No. 1289)The various chapters in this volume are based on presentations delivered in three workshops at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy - National University of Singapore between 2018 and 2021. The Meteorological Services Singapore and the World Meteorological Organisation sponsored these workshops. The aim of these workshops and this publication is to convey content on concepts and methods of public policy and management to professionals engaged in Meteorological Services. The volume consists of four parts, namely Public Management, Results and Evidence based Public Management, Economics and ...
WMO Open Consultative Platform White Paper #2 - Future of National Meteorological or Hydrometeorological Services: Evolving roles and responsibilities (WMO-No. 1294)
This OCP White Paper on the Future of National Meteorological or Hydrometeorological Services – Evolving Roles and Responsibilities has been produced as a collective endeavour of a group of world-leading experts to analyse trends, challenges and opportunities in a dynamic environment. It is focused on evolving roles, responsibilities, operational scenarios and partnership mechanisms that define the future and work of NMSs as national institutions and key participants in the global weather, climate and water ecosystem of stakeholders. The primary objective of this paper is to inform key decisio ...
Aerodrome reports and forecasts (WMO-No. 782) : A Users’ Handbook to the Codes
This booklet is a simple guide to the aeronautical meteorological codes, METAR, SPECI and TAF, applicable on 4 November 2021, updated as a result of the alignment of the Technical Regulations (WMO-No. 49), Volume II – Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation, Parts I and II, with Amendment 80 to Annex 3 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. It is aimed at a wide range of users such as pilots, flight dispatchers, air traffic control staff and meteorological observers at smaller aerodromes where sophisticated automated instruments are not available. Although the reade ...
COVID-19 Task Team Briefing Note
Briefing note from the WMO Research Board Task Team on COVID-19 Meteorological and Air Quality Factors summarizing key findings and recommendations for NMHS on actions to take regarding meteorological and air quality (MAQ) services for COVID-19 Risk Reduction and Management (9 May 2022)
AGM, 111. Report of the Joint Commission on Agricultural Meteorology (CAgM)/Joint Commission on Marine Meteorology and Oceanography (JCOMM) Task Team on Weather, Climate and Fisheries (2014-2018)
This is the summary report of the Joint Task Team of the Commission on Agricultural Meteorology (CAgM)/Joint Commission on Marine Meteorology and Oceanography (JCOMM) on Weather, Climate and Fisheries that was active from 2014-2018. The report focuses on the following themes: Climate variability impacts of selected fisheries: impacts of climate change on fisheries; risk assessment and management evaluation tools for the ecosystem-approach to management of fisheries; weather and climate tools for integrated coastal management of coastal fisheries and marine agriculture; weather and climate too ...
Drought and Water Scarcity (WMO-No. 1284)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; IDMP expert panel with 14 experts from various IDMP partner organizations including UNCCD and FAO - WMO, 2022Driven by climate change, population growth, economic development, and poor water management, the increasingly limited availability of freshwater resources is a fundamental concern for societies worldwide. Drought and water scarcity – two major phenomena that challenge water security – know no national boundaries and affect all socioeconomic sectors of society, with a greater impact on the more vulnerable, poorer or marginalized populations.
Drought is a natural climatic feature of below-average precipitation, which can last for months or years, while water scarcity results from a long- ...
GCOS, 243. 29th Session of the GCOS Steering Committee
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022
GCOS, 242. Report of the Thirteenth GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-13)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2022
Stories of success: Building Resilience to High-Impact Hydro-meteorological events through Strengthening Multi-hazard Early Warning Systems in Small Island Develoiping States and South East Asia : Canada CREWS Project
GAW Report, 273. Seventh Session of the Research Board Environmental Pollution and Atmospheric Chemistry Scientific Steering Committee
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Seventh session report of the Research Board Environmental Pollution and Atmospheric Chemistry Scientific Steering Committee (8–11 February 2021, Geneva, Switzerland) - WMO, 2022
CREWS Operational Plan: Delivering at scale 2021–2025
State of the Climate in Africa 2020 (WMO-No. 1275)
The State of the Climate in Africa 2020, report provides a snapshot of climate trends, observed high-impact events and associated risks and impacts on key sensitive sectors in Africa during the year 2020. The report also draws lessons on existing compunded effect of COVID-19, and pathways for investement for improving climate action in the continent.
Manual on the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WMO-No. 1160) : Annex VIII to the WMO Technical Regulations
This is the first edition of the Manual on the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WMO-No. 1160), developed following the decision of the Sixteenth World Meteorological Congress to proceed with the implementation of that System (WIGOS). It was approved by the Seventeenth World Meteorological Congress.
The Manual was developed by the Executive Council through its Inter-Commission Coordination Group on WIGOS, specifically its Task Team on WIGOS Regulatory Material. It is the result of a collaborative approach involving all interested technical commissions under the leadership of the C ...
Руководящие принципы по контролю и обеспечению качества данных станций приземных наблюдений для климатических применений (ВМО-№ 1269)
The publication provides guidance on quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) principles and procedures for observational data from surface meteorological stations. It discusses QC/QA requirements for climate applications, documents key elements of data life cycle quality assurance and provides a range of categorised quality control tests.
Guidelines on Surface Station Data Quality Control and Quality Assurance for Climate Applications (WMO-No. 1269)
The publication provides guidance on quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) principles and procedures for observational data from surface meteorological stations. It discusses QC/QA requirements for climate applications, documents key elements of data life cycle quality assurance and provides a range of categorised quality control tests.
WMO Open Consultative Platform White Paper #1 - Future of weather and climate forecasting (WMO-No. 1263)
The demand for weather and climate forecast information in support of critical decision-making has grown rapidly during the last decade, and will grow even faster in the coming years. Great advances have been made in the utilization of predictions in many areas of human activities. Nevertheless, further improvements in accuracy and precision, higher spatial and temporal resolution, and better description of uncertainty are needed for realizing the full potential of forecasts as enablers of a new level of weather and climate-informed decision-making.
Rules of Procedure for Regional Associations (WMO-No. 1241)
The rules of procedure for the regional associations have been adopted in accordance with Regulation 3 of the General Regulations. Their goal is to ensure standardized procedural arrangements for all regional associations and their subsidiary bodies.
لجنة الرصد والبنیة التحتیة ونظم المعلومات : التقرير النهائي الموجز للدورة الأولى (مطبوع المنظمة رقم 1251)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; INFCOM-1 (18 March–18 May 2020, 9–13 November 2020, 12–16 April 2021) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1251)
Rules of Procedure for the Executive Council (WMO-No. 1256)
These rules of procedure cover the Executive Council and the panels reporting to it (Scientific Advisory Panel, Climate Coordination Panel, Hydrological Coordination Panel, Panel of Experts on Polar and High-mountain Observations, Research and Services and Capacity Development Panel). Established in accordance with Regulation 3, they were adopted by the Executive Council under the authority of the Convention and of the General Regulations of the World Meteorological Organization.
Правила процедуры для региональных ассоциаций (ВМО-№ 1241)
Правила процедуры для региональных ассоциаций приняты согласно правилу 3 Общего регламента. Их целью является обеспечение стандартизированных процедурных механизмов для всех региональных ассоциаций и их вспомогательных органов.
Rules of Procedure for Technical Commissions (WMO-No. 1240)
The rules of procedure for the technical commissions have been adopted in accordance with Regulation 3 of the General Regulations. Their goal is to ensure standardized procedural arrangements for all technical commissions and their subsidiary bodies.
Basic documents No. 1 (WMO-No. 15)
This publication contains: the texts of the WMO Convention; the General, Staff and Financial Regulations; the text of the Agreement between the UN and WMO; the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies; and the agreement, plan of execution and protocol concluded between the Swiss Federal Council and WMO governing the latter's status in Switzerland.
Conseil régional VI (Europe) - Rapport final abrégé de la dix-huitième session (OMM-N° 1260)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Regional Association VI (Europe), 18th session (20 November 2020 and 29 November 2021; Virtual Session) - OMM, 2021 (OMM-No. 1260)
Региональная ассоциация VI (Европа) - Сокращенный окончательный отчет восемнадцатой сессии (ВМО-№ 1260)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Regional Association VI (Europe), 18th session (20 November 2020 and 29 November 2021; Virtual Session) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1260)
Regional Association VI (Europe) - Abridged final report of the Eighteenth session (WMO-No. 1260)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Regional Association VI (Europe), 18th session (20 November 2020 and 29 November 2021; Virtual Session) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1260)
الاتحاد الإقليمي السادس (أوروبا) – التقرير النهائي الموجز للدورة الثامنة عشرة (مطبوع المنظمة رقم 1260)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Regional Association VI (Europe), 18th session (20 November 2020 and 29 November 2021; Virtual Session) - WMO, 2021 (WMO-No. 1260)
Guidelines on Seasonal Hydrological Prediction (WMO-No. 1274)
This document introduces the general concept of seasonal hydrological forecasting and sources of predictability of hydrological parameters over longer lead-time. It provides information on available methods of seasonal hydrological prediction and corresponding data needs. It also provides basic information about the process of system design with an emphasis on users’ engagement within the entire service development and delivery cycle.
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