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Manual on Codes - International Codes, Volume I.3 - Annex II to the WMO Technical Regulations : Part D – Representations derived from data models
Part D – Representations derived from data models consists of the specification of the list of standard representations derived from data models, including those using extensible markup language (XML), with their specifications and associated code tables. This is the first edition of Volume I.3 of the Manual on Codes and introduces the use of XML.
Rules of Procedure for the Executive Council
These rules of procedure cover the Executive Council and the panels reporting to it (Scientific Advisory Panel, Climate Coordination Panel, Hydrological Coordination Panel, Panel of Experts on Polar and High-mountain Observations, Research and Services and Capacity Development Panel). Established in accordance with Regulation 3, they were adopted by the Executive Council under the authority of the Convention and of the General Regulations of the World Meteorological Organization.
Virtual First Meeting of the Joint Expert Team on Aircraft-Based Observing Systems (JET-ABO): Final report
This first meeting of the WMO Infrastructure Commission Joint Expert Team on Aircraft-Based Observing Systems (JET-ABO) was conducted virtually in three sessions over 8–10 December 2020.
Compendium on Tropical Meteorology for Aviation Purposes
This Compendium is intended for use by airport and airspace planners and designers, air traffic controllers and flight crew to improve their knowledge of the basic processes governing weather in the tropics as well as the detailed climate and weather of the individual regions in and adjacent to the tropics. This Compendium can also be used by operational and non-operational meteorologists, including aeronautical meteorological observers and forecasters, as well as meteorological training professionals as valuable reference material and a training aid.
WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (GHG Bulletin) - No. 16: The State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2019
This Bulletin represents the latest analysis of observations from the WMO GAW Programme. It shows globally averaged surface mole fractions for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) and compares them with the mole fractions during the previous year and with the preindustrial levels. It also provides insights on the change in radiative forcing by long-lived GHGs (LLGHGs) and contribution of individual gases to this increase.
Aerodrome reports and forecasts : A Users’ Handbook to the Codes
This booklet is a simple guide to the aeronautical meteorological codes, METAR, SPECI and TAF, applicable on 5 November 2020, updated as a result of the alignment of the Technical Regulations (WMO-No. 49), Volume II – Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation, Parts I and II, with Amendment 79 to Annex 3 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. It is aimed at a wide range of users such as pilots, flight dispatchers, air traffic control staff and meteorological observers at smaller aerodromes where sophisticated automated instruments are not available. Although the reade ...
Basic Documents, 2. Technical Regulations, Volume II – Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation
These Regulations are designed:
(a) To facilitate cooperation in meteorology and hydrology between Members;
(b) To meet, in the most effective manner, specific needs in the various fields of application of
meteorology and operational hydrology in the international sphere; and
(c) To ensure adequate uniformity and standardization in the practices and procedures
employed in achieving (a) and (b) above.
State of the Climate in Africa 2019
The State of the Climate in Africa 2019, report provides a snapshot of climate trends, observed high-impact events and associated risks and impacts on key sensitive sectors in Africa. The report also draws lessons on existing gaps in climate change action.
The Report of the Audit committee : EC-72/INF. 7(3), 30.VIII.2020
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Executive Council, 72nd session (28 September – 2 October 2020; Videoconference - WMO, 2020
Guide to Wave Analysis and Forecasting
This publication is the outcome of the revision, expansion and up-dating of the 1998 Guide to Wave Analysis and Forecasting. It is designed to enhance the provision of up-to-date information and guidance material on all aspects of the ocean-related activities of National Meteorological Services.
This 2018 (3rd edition) represents the latest updates, taking into account the dramatic improvements in wave modelling and observational capability over the last two decades. The former JCOMM Expert Team on Waves and Coastal Hazards led the revision.
ETR, 27. Global Campus Innovations
Workplace changes occurring each day and more rapidly call for significant innovations in the way we educate and train people for their professional careers. The new global and digital economies call for fluidity, resilience, and readiness for rapid reskilling to meet changing demands. The many papers collected in this publication reveal just a small sample of the innovations being explored in education and training around the world. Many of these originated as goals to increase access for learners, to make learning more efficient, or to increase the impacts of training initiatives to ensure t ...
Storm surges
What are natural hazards... and disasters? Forces of nature that happen with little warning and occur all over the world, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, landslides, tropical cyclones (and other storms), storm surges, heatwaves, wildfires, droughts and volcanoes.
When these natural hazards pose a threat to humans or the environment they can lead to disasters and cause destruction in a community.
What are storm surges? A sudden rise of water hitting areas close to the coast, usually created by a tropical cyclone, hurricane or other storms. The surge happens because ...
GCOS, 235. Report of the 9th Session of the GTN-H Panel
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); International Council for Science (ICSU) - WMO, 2020
AeM Series, 06. Outcomes of the 2020 Survey on the Impacts of Climate Change and Variability on Aviation
A global survey on the impacts of climate change and variability on aviation was conducted by the Standing Committee on Services for Aviation (SC-AVI) between January and March 2020. The primary objective of the survey was to clarify the interest and concerns of an array of aviation professionals around the world to the climate change and variability issue and to its impact on aviation operations now and into the future.
2020 State of Climate Services
Between 1970 and 2019, 79% of disasters worldwide involved weather, water, and climate-related hazards. These disasters accounted for 56% of deaths and 75% of economic losses from disasters associated with natural hazards reported during that period. As climate change continues to threaten human lives, ecosystems and economies, risk information and early warning systems (EWS) are increasingly seen as key for reducing these impacts. The majority of countries, including 88% of least developed countries and small island states, that submitted their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to UN ...
Guidelines on Homogenization
This publication provides guidance on homogenization of instrumental land station data. For beginners, the publication describes prerequisites for homogenization (including data rescue, quality control, metadata, parallel measurements etc), explains homogenization practices in detail and provides an overview of homogenization software packages. For advanced users, the history and mathematical theory of homogenization is introduced.
OSCAR Series, 01. OSCAR/Surface User Manual Release 1.5.4
The Observing Systems Capability Analysis and Review tool (OSCAR) of the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) Information Resource (WIR) is a key source of information for WIGOS metadata. The surface- and space-based components of OSCAR are intended to record observing platform/station metadata, according to the WIGOS Metadata Standard described in the Manual on the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WMO-No. 1160) and in the WIGOS Metadata Standard (WMONo. 1192), and to retain a record of the current and historical WIGOS metadata. This Manual explains how to use OSCAR/Surface, t ...
Global Climate in 2015–2019
The Global Climate in 2015–2019 is part of the WMO Statements on Climate providing authoritative information on the state of the climate and impacts. It builds on operational monitoring systems at global, regional and national scales. It has been authored by: Peter Siegmund, lead author (Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute), Jakob Abermann (University of Graz, Austria), Omar Baddour, Michael Sparrow, Rodica Nitu, Oksana Tarasova (WMO), Pep Canadell (CSIRO Climate Science Centre, Australia), Anny Cazenave (Laboratoire d’Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Centre National d’ ...
지구기후보고서 The Global Climate (2015-2019)
The Global Climate in 2015–2019 is part of the WMO Statements on Climate providing authoritative information on the state of the climate and impacts. It builds on operational monitoring systems at global, regional and national scales. It has been authored by: Peter Siegmund, lead author (Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute), Jakob Abermann (University of Graz, Austria), Omar Baddour, Michael Sparrow, Rodica Nitu, Oksana Tarasova (WMO), Pep Canadell (CSIRO Climate Science Centre, Australia), Anny Cazenave (Laboratoire d’Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Centre National d’ ...
SOFF Series, 04. The value of GBON: Exploring the Insurance Sector
SYSTEMATIC OBSERVATIONS FINANCING FACILITY
Weather and climate information for the global public good
SOFF Series, 03. The Systematic Observations Financing Facility: How will it work?
SYSTEMATIC OBSERVATIONS FINANCING FACILITY
Weather and climate information for the global public good
SOFF Series, 02. The gaps in the Global Basic Observing Network (GBON)
SYSTEMATIC OBSERVATIONS FINANCING FACILITY
Weather and climate information for the global public good
SOFF Series, 01. The value of Surface-Based Meteorological Observation Data: Costs and benefits of the Global Basic Observing Network
Weather and climate information for the global public good
United In Science : A multi-organization high-level compilation of the latest climate science information
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); et al. - WMO, 2020
GAW Report, 253/Research Infrastructure Quality Assurance. International Comparison of Dobson Spectrophotometers
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; International Comparison of Dobson Spectrophotometers, Pretoria, Gauteng Province, South Africa, 7-18 October 2019 - WMO, 2020
GAW Report, 250. Global Atmosphere Watch Expert Meeting on Measurement-Model Fusion for Global Total Atmospheric Deposition (MMF-GTAD)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Global Atmosphere Watch Expert Meeting on Measurement-Model Fusion for Global Total Atmospheric Deposition (MMF-GTAD) (26-27 February 2019; Geneva, Switzerland) - WMO, 2020
Manual on Codes - International Codes, Volume I.2, Annex II to the WMO Technical Regulations : Part B – Binary Codes, Part C – Common Features to Binary and Alphanumeric Codes
Volume I contains WMO international codes for meteorological data and other geophysical data relating to meteorology. The relevant regulations are given for each code form.
MMO Series, 03. Report of the WMO/IMO International Symposium ‘Extreme Maritime Weather: Towards Safety of Life at Sea and a Sustainable Blue Economy
The first International Symposium on “Extreme Maritime Weather: Towards Safety of Life at Sea and a Sustainable Blue Economy” was held in London at the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Headquarters from the 23rd to 25th October 2019. Jointly organized by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the IMO, over 200 participants from over 40 different countries attended, representing both private and public sectors, and including Ministers and Ambassadors. The structure of the Symposium consisted of Plenary Sessions, with invited presentations and panel discussions. The Symposium P ...
GFCS, 02. Global Framework for Climate Services: Progress Report 2009–2019
Major progress is being made developing, delivering and using climate services for societal benefit, in particular from the worldwide effort galvanizing around the Global Framework for Climate Services. The GFCS has been recognized as an important mechanism to support adaptation within the UNFCCC, resulting in the publication of the State of Climate Services Reports. It has enabled funding for climate services activities, through major projects such as the EU-funded GFCS Intra-African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP) Programme, a grant to advance climate services and related applic ...
Capacity Development for Climate Services: Guidelines for National Meteorological and Hydrological Servi
These guidelines are intended to provide National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) and other climate service providers with up-to-date information on available resources, strategies, procedures and best practices to help develop their capacities in the provision and use of climate services at the global, regional and national level. The guidance focuses on enhancing the capacity of NMHSs in four key areas: institutional, infrastructural, procedural and human resources. These four areas must be considered together to achieve sustainable capacity development.
SP, 14. RA II and RA V Survey on the Use of Satellite Data
The purpose of the present RA II and RA V Survey on the Use of Satellite Data 2018 is to collect up-to-date information on WMO Members’ capabilities and needs regarding the use of satellite data in meteorological, climate, water and related environmental applications.
The survey was conducted under the leadership of the WMO Regional Coordination Groups on Satellite Data Requirements for Regional Association II and Regional Association V, that are the Regional Association II World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS). Project to Develop Support for ...
GFCS, 01. The Global Framework for Climate Services: Work Plan 2019–2020
In many parts of the world, disasters caused by natural hazards such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, drought, wildfires, tropical cyclones and associated storm surges, tsunami and volcanic eruptions have exacted a heavy toll in terms of the loss of human lives and the destruction of economic and social infrastructure, not to mention their negative impact on already fragile ecosystems. Indeed, the period between 1960 and 2000, witnessed an significant increase in the occurrence, severity and intensity of disasters, especially during the 1990s. This trend poses a major threat to sustainable ...
Guide to WMO Information System
In conjunction with the Manual on the WMO Information System (Manual on WIS) (WMO-No. 1060), the Guide to the WMO Information System (Guide to WIS) is designed to ensure adequate uniformity and standardization in the data, information and communication practices, procedures and specifications employed among WMO Members in the operation of the WMO Information System (WIS) as it supports the mission of WMO. The Manual on WIS, Annex VII to the WMO Technical Regulations (WMO-No. 49), contains standard and recommended practices, procedures and specifications. The Guide to WIS contains additional in ...
Guidelines on Meteorological and Hydrological Aspects of Siting and Operation of Nuclear Power Plants
Meteorology and hydrology play an important role in the understanding of the basic criteria for the siting of nuclear power plant and in applying protective measures for their operations. In order to provide advice on this matter, the WMO Secretariat, at the request of the Executive Council, arranged for the preparation of a Technical Note aimed at practising meteorologists and hydrologists of countries faced with the task of installing nuclear power plants.
Vision for the WMO Integrated Global Observing System in 2040
This document provides high-level targets to guide the evolution of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) in the coming decades. This vision (henceforth referred to as the “Vision for WIGOS in 2040” or simply the “Vision”) replaces the “Vision for the Global Observing System in 2025”, which was adopted by the Executive Council at its sixty-first session in June 2009. In many ways, the 2025 Vision foreshadowed the development of WIGOS, whereas the current document anticipates a fully developed and implemented WIGOS framework that supports all act ...
CREWS Report Series Annual Report, 03. CREWS 2019 Annual Report
Project Portfolio Status Summary Report June – November 2019
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; World Bank the; Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery, the ; et al. - WMO, 2020By aligning its programming with other investments, CREWS is enabling its country partners to generate additional funding for greatest impact. CREWS impact is monitored through its results-based Monitoring Framework.
GCOS, 232. Report of the twenty-seventh session of the WMO-IOC-UNEP-ISC steering committee for GCOS
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2020
2019/ No.4 - December 2019
Notably contains:
- Latest WMO climate science informs negociations at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP25)
- WMO addresses high-level segment of COP25
- Decade of exceptional global heat and high-impact weather marks close of 2019
- State of Climate Services report shows significant cost benefit of investments in climate services for agriculture and food security
- WMO joins new partnership on renewable energy
- WMO voices concern about radio frequency decision
- Nomination of WMO Experts by Permanent Representatives now facilitated throug ...
Vol. 68(2) - 2019 - Realizing the WMO 2030 Vision
Contains:
Realizing the WMO Vision for 2030: An interview with Secretary-General Petteri Taalas
By Sylvie Castonguay, p.2
Copernicus Joining Forces with WMO on GFCS
By Erica Allis, Jean-Nöel Thépaut, Carlo Buontempo, Rupa Kumar Kolli, Wilfran Moufouma Okia, Berit Arheimer, Abdu Ali, Joni Dehaspe and Christian Birkel, p.5
Sustainability of Atmospheric Observations in Developing Countries
By Paolo Laj, Marcos Andrade, Ranjeet Sokhi, Claudia Volosciuk and Oksana Tarasova, p.14
Changing Volatile Organi ...
Vol. 68(1) - 2019 - WMO for the 21st Century
Contains:
Preface: WMO for the 21st Century
By David Grimes and Petteri Taalas, p.2
The Smart Organization for the Future
By Gerhard Adrian, p.4
Data and Systems Perspective on Constituent Body Reform
By Sue Barrell, p.7
Data Sharing for Sustainable Development: the WMO Information System (WIS) 2.0
By Jane Wardle and Jeremy Tandy, p.12
Extreme-scale Computing and Data Handling - the Heart of Progress in Weather and Climate Prediction
By Peter Bauer, Michael C ...
WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (GHG Bulletin) - No. 15: The State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2018
Measurements of the content of radiocarbon (14C) in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) provide a unique way to discriminate between fossil fuel combustion and natural sources of CO2. Simultaneous observations of CO2 and 14C demonstrate the decline of 14C content in atmospheric CO2 caused by CO2 addition from fossil fuel combustion. This finding illustrates the importance of long-term measurements of atmospheric composition by laboratories involved in the WMO Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Programme in helping identify greenhouse gas emission sources.![]()
GAW Report, 248. Twelfth Intercomparison Campaign of the Regional Brewer Calibration Center Europe
The Izaña Atmospheric Research Center (IARC), which is part of the State Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET), represents a centre of excellence in atmospheric science. It manages four observatories in Tenerife, including the high altitude Izaña Observatory, which was inaugurated in 1916 and has since carried out uninterrupted meteorological and climatological observations and become a WMO Centennial Station.
This report summarizes the many activities of the Izaña Atmospheric Research Center.
PPE 1. Origin, Impact and Aftermath of WMO Resolution 40
In 2020, WMO celebrates its seventieth anniversary, and its community is again presented with both opportunities and threats from scientific progress, new technologies and major shifts in public policy in many countries. Together, these suggest a need to re-examine the policy foundations of current practice.
Resolutions and Decisions of Congress and the Executive Council
Contains lists of the Congress and Executive Council resolutions.
Manual on the WMO Integrated Global Observing System : Annex VIII to the WMO Technical Regulations
This is the first edition of the Manual on the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WMO-No. 1160), developed following the decision of the Sixteenth World Meteorological Congress to proceed with the implementation of that System (WIGOS). It was approved by the Seventeenth World Meteorological Congress.
The Manual was developed by the Executive Council through its Inter-Commission Coordination Group on WIGOS, specifically its Task Team on WIGOS Regulatory Material. It is the result of a collaborative approach involving all interested technical commissions under the leadership of the C ...
WMO Guidelines on Emerging Data Issues
These WMO Guidelines on Emerging Data Issues are the result of a request made at the seventeenth World Meteorological Congress (Cg-17) to provide clarity and guidance for Members in navigating the rapidly changing world of data and data technologies, and especially to provide some insight regarding trends and emerging challenges in data and their use (WMO, 2015a). While these Guidelines necessarily refer to technical aspects of data, the focus is on the impact (positive and negative) of emerging data issues on WMO systems, on the systems and services provided by WMO Members, and how Members mi ...
WMO Strategic Plan 2020-2023
The Strategic Plan adopted by the Eighteenth World Meteorological Congress, in June 2019, sets the directions and priorities to guide the activities of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) during 2020–2023 and up to 2030 to enable all Members to improve their information, products and services.
Manual on the Global Data-processing and Forecasting System: Annex IV to the WMO Technical Regulations
This manual is designed to facilitate cooperation in data-processing and forecasting among Members; to specify obligations of Members in the implementation of the World Weather Watch (WWW) Global Data Processing and Forecasting System (GDPFS); and to ensure adequate uniformity and standardization in the practices and procedures employed in achieving these.
Guidance on Integrated Urban Hydrometeorological, Climate and Environmental Services - Volume I : Concept and Methodology
This Guidance on Integrated Urban Hydrometeorological, Climate and Environment Services (Volume I: Concept and Methodology) serves to assist WMO Members in the development and implementation of the urban services that address the needs of the cities stakeholders in their countries.
Guide to the WMO Integrated Global Observing System
This edition of the Guide provides material relevant to some of the new WIGOS-related regulations. The topics cover the new system of WIGOS station identifiers, the new requirements to record and make available metadata as specified in the WIGOS Metadata Standard, the new Observing Systems Capability Analysis and Review (OSCAR) tool to be used by Members to submit metadata for WMO global compilation, the new observing network design principles, national WIGOS implementation, WIGOS data partnerships, Regional WIGOS Centres, and WIGOS Data Quality Monitoring System for surface-based observations ...
Manual on the WMO Information System : Annex VII to the WMO Technical Regulations
The Manual on the WMO Information System (WMO-No. 1060) is designed to ensure adequate uniformity and standardization of data, information and communications practices, procedures and specifications employed among World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Members in the operation of the WMO Information System (WIS) as it supports the mission of the Organization.
Basic documents No. 1
This publication contains: the texts of the WMO Convention; the General, Staff and Financial Regulations; the text of the Agreement between the UN and WMO; the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies; and the agreement, plan of execution and protocol concluded between the Swiss Federal Council and WMO governing the latter's status in Switzerland.
WIGOS Metadata Standard
French, Spanish and Arabic versions still in preparation
Commission for Basic Systems and Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observation : Workshop on Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) for Operational Meteorology
The workshop presentations included research organizations and NMHS experts discussing the challenges and successes experienced using UAVs in field campaigns collecting data in support of environmental and meteorological applications. The challenges included airspace use regulations and technical capabilities of the UAVs. UAV industry representatives spoke to the workshop audience on the types and capabilities of UAVs and about their collaboration in field campaigns with research organizations and NMHS represented at the workshop. IATA and other experts informed the workshop audience of the va ...
GCOS, 226. GCOS Surface Reference Network (GSRN) : Justification, requirements, siting and instrumentation options
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019This report is produced by the GSRN Task Team and provides a proposal for the establishment of a GCOS Surface Reference Network, with the support of the GCOS programme, relevant programmes at WMO and the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). It outlines the next steps required for the implementation of a GSRN: approval of the proposed GSRN by relevant WMO programmes, the GCOS programme and other sponsors, solicitation of offers to host and staff appropriately the proposed Lead Centre, and the selection of suitable sites for an initial GSRN.
GAW Report, 247. Izaña Atmospheric Research Center : Activity Report 2017-2018
The Izaña Atmospheric Research Center (IARC), which is part of the State Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET), represents a centre of excellence in atmospheric science. It manages four observatories in Tenerife, including the high altitude Izaña Observatory, which was inaugurated in 1916 and has since carried out uninterrupted meteorological and climatological observations and become a WMO Centennial Station.
This report summarizes the many activities of the Izaña Atmospheric Research Center.
2019 State of Climate Services
The report provides case studies, examples and explanations as to the role of climate information and services to support agriculture in the face of climate variability and change, assesses gaps and makes recommendations. This analysis helps highlight both challenges and opportunities for climate service efforts
aimed at promoting climate resilient development and adaptation action.
Basic Documents, 2. Technical Regulations, Volume I - General Meteorological Standards and Recommended Practices
The Technical Regulations are determined by the World Meteorological Congress in accordance with Article 8 (d) of the Convention.
These Regulations are designed:
(a) To facilitate cooperation in meteorology and hydrology among Members;
(b) To meet, in the most effective manner, specific needs in the various fields of application of meteorology and operational hydrology in the international sphere;
(c) To ensure adequate uniformity and standardization in the practices and procedures employed in achieving (a) and (b) above.
Capstone Project Research Report. Gendered Impacts of Weather and Climate:Evidence from Asia, Pacific and Africa
This publication examines the physical, material and psychological gender-differentiated impacts of weather and climate as well as the gender-specific needs for information and services on the basis of primary data emerging from 18 case studies, including three in-depth studies (Bangladesh, Fiji and Botswana) and other empirical evidence. It explores the experiences of different groups of women and men at the intersection with other social categories like age, economic status, location, disability, or marital status. It also analyzes gender relations and roles in two climate-sensitive sectors: ...
Rules of Procedure for Regional Associations
The rules of procedure for the regional associations have been adopted in accordance with Regulation 3 of the General Regulations. Their goal is to ensure standardized procedural arrangements for all regional associations and their subsidiary bodies.
Rules of Procedure for Technical Commissions
The rules of procedure for the technical commissions have been adopted in accordance with Regulation 3 of the General Regulations. Their goal is to ensure standardized procedural arrangements for all technical commissions and their subsidiary bodies.
Compendium of WMO Competency Frameworks
The purpose of this Compendium is to provide Members with easy access to all the WMO competency frameworks that have been implemented since the first frameworks for aeronautical meteorological personnel were put in place in 2013. This publication accompanies the Guide to Competency (WMO-No. 1205), which provides competency implementation advice to Members.
MMO Series, 01. On-line Survey Assessment of National Marine and Coastal Services
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) strives to ensure that its Members are capable of providing the standard and recommended practices for marine meteorological service delivery, as described in the WMO Technical Regulations.
At the end of 2018, a survey was conducted to collate this status report of Members capabilities in the provision of the marine and coastal services. The survey results presented in this report, will help WMO better understand Member's needs to take appropriate action to target and prioritize areas requiring assistance, especially in relation to capacity bu ...
GCOS, 229. Plan for improving observations around Lake Victoria that support numerical weather predictions, climate services and adaptation
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019
United In Science : High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information convened by the Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); et al. - WMO, 2019
GCOS, 230. Report of the Eleventh GCOS Reference Upper Air Network Implementation Coordination Meeting (GRUAN ICM-11)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019
Open Consultative Platform
Today, there is a need to join forces for a people-centric and planet-centric future collaboration, based on a common vision and commitment. The Open Consultative Platform – Partnership and Innovation for the Next
Generation of Weather and Climate Intelligence – has been established and this Summary of the High-Level Round Table discussions contains a Joint Statement and a description of the way forward.
GCOS, 228. GCOS Joint Panels Meeting Report
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019
Guidance on Environmental Flows : Integrating E-flow Science with Fluvial Geomorphology to Maintain Ecosystem Services
Fluvial systems provide a wide range of necessary services for human society to thrive on. These are the so-called ecosystem services: food, drinking water, natural flood mitigation, energy and so forth. Such services are linked to an appropriate level of functionality of fluvial processes, which can be accounted for in terms of ecological objectives. These ecological objectives in watercourses can be reached only if appropriate flow and sediment regimes and related quality of channel morphology are guaranteed. The establishment and maintenance of such flow regimes, namely environmental flows ...
CAgM Report, 107. Evaluation Report of METAGRI Operational Project (2012-2015)
The project was implemented by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in collaboration with the National Meteorological Services of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Chad, Côte d´Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo with funds provided by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Norwegian Government but also by the Government of Greece and minor contributions from AEMET (Spain), EUMETSAT and WMO regular budget.
GCOS, 227. Lightning for Climate : A Study by the Task Team on Lightning Observation For Climate Applications (TT-LOCA) Of the Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019“The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs” (GCOS, 2016), further referred to as “GCOS Implementation Plan”, calls in its Action A29 for defining “the requirement for lightning measurements, including data exchange, for climate monitoring and to encourage space agencies and operators of ground-based systems to strive for global coverage and reprocessing of existing datasets”. The GCOS Implementation Plan was endorsed by the Commission for Basic Systems (CBS) at its Sixteenth session (WMO, 2016) and CBS decided “to support Members, as appropriate, in the implementation of th ...
GCOS, 223. Weather Radar Data Requirements for Climate Monitoring
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019Action A24 of the GCOS Implementation Plan (GCOS-200), calls for the implementation of an archive for radar reflectivities. The Commission for Basic Systems (CBS) at its Sixteenth session (WMO-1183) endorsed the GCOS Implementation Plan and “Decides to support Members, as appropriate, in the implementation of the actions identified in the GCOS Implementation Plan”. EC-69 (WMO, 2017 - WMO, 1196) invited members “To work towards the full implementation of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) implementation plan.”
At the 22nd Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for ...
Reducing vulnerability to extreme hydro-meteorological hazards in Mozambique after Cyclone IDAI : WMO mission report following tropical cyclone IDAI (29 April–7 May 2019)
The World Meteorological Organization dispatched an expert mission to Mozambique to assess the requirements and capabilities of the National Institute of Meteorology (INAM) and the National Directorate of Water Resources Management (DNGRH) and their coordination with the National Disaster Management Institute (INGC) for an End-to-End Multi-Hazard Early Warning System in the context of disaster risk management. The results of the mission should inform plans and investments in strengthening the Early Warning System and disaster risk management in the country, particularly during reconstruction t ...
WMO Writing and Style Guide
This guide covers issues that authors, scientific editors and linguists working at and for WMO may encounter during the preparation of material for publication. It is not exhaustive, focusing rather on common problems encountered and frequently asked questions asked by colleagues.
Largely based on the United Nations Editorial Manual Online, which remains the primary authority on style and spelling in the United Nations system, this guide focuses on the specific terminology, spelling and style that occur in WMO material.
HIGHWAY : High impact weather lake system
HIGHWAY delivers improved early warnings to local communities by using innovative products and leveraging existing scientific expertise of the national meteorological services in the East African Region.
GCOS, 224. Report of the twenty-sixth session of the WMO-IOC-UNEP-ISC steering committee for GCOS
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2019
WMO HydroHub
The WMO HydroHub offers a new approach for acquiring, maintaining and sharing hydrological data on a sustainable basis.
WMO Statement on the state of the global climate in 2018
This publication marks the twenty-fifth anniversary of the WMO Statement on the State of the Global Climate, which was first issued in 1994. The 2019 edition treating data for 2018 marks sustained international efforts dedicated to reporting on, analysing and understanding the year-to-year variations and long-term trends of a changing climate.
ETR, 23. Impact Evaluation of the WMO Fellowships Programme
The WMO Fellowship Programme plays a key role in the attainment of the Organization’s capacity development goals. Much has been done by the programme over several decades for the capacity building of NMHSs in developing countries, particularly in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS), but the demand for training is never-ending and revolves around the emerging dynamic issues relating to science, technology, human and societal needs. An evaluation was therefore carried out to review the performance of the programme, particularly its impact on and benefit to ...
CAgM Report, 106. Evaluation of METAGRI Project Phases I, II, III (2008-2011)
The METAGRI project was implemented by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in collaboration with the National Meteorological Services of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Côte d´Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo with funds provided by the State Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET).
WMO and AEMET agreed to launch a project on Agrometeorology to support West African Agriculture following the October 2007 Conference of Directors of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services of West Africa. ...
SP, 13. WMO 2016 Survey on the Use of Satellite Data
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) commissioned the WMO 2016 Survey on the Use of Satellite Data to collect information on the availability and use of satellite data and products for meteorological and related environmental applications by users globally, and to identify obstacles and areas for improvement. WMO carries out this global Survey every four years, and the results from the previous 2012 Survey1 are used as a baseline in this report wherever possible.
AMCOMET Achievements 2010–2018
Many initiatives and partnerships have flourished under the umbrella of the African Union’s Strategy on Meteorology by aligning their actions with its priorities and demonstrating coherence of efforts. This report highlights key initiatives that have been made possible as a result of the increased visibility AMCOMET has brought to weather, climate and water services in Africa. The report gives us an opportunity to review the first eight years of AMCOMET and to give recognition to its many achievements.
CREWS Report Series Annual Report, 02. CREWS 2018 Annual Report
N° 2 - Agosto de 2018
is an issue of Boletín de la OMM sobre los gases reactivos. World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - OMM, 2018
Vol. 67(1) - 2018 - Special issue on Water
Contains:
Preface
By Harry F. Lins and Petteri Taalas, p.3
Water Security in a Changing Climate
By Michael H. Glantz, p.4
Water in the International Framework
By Tommaso Abrate, p.9
Celebrating 25 Years of WHYCOS
By Michel Jarraud, p.11
Management of Hydrological Information and Sustainable Development
By Frédéric Maurel, p.13
Case Study: Implementation of the IGAD‑HYCOS Project in Uganda
By Nebert Wobusobozi and Leodinous Mwebemb ...
Guide to Instruments and Methods of Observation
The first edition of this guide was published in 1950.
Guide to Competency
The purpose of this Guide is to provide guidance to Members’ organizations that are developing, implementing and/or maintaining competency-based training and assessment programmes based upon the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) competency frameworks established in the Technical Regulations, Volume I (WMO-No.49).
Examples of selected Members’ best practices are included in this guidance material to facilitate transfer of knowledge and experience, and thus enable organizations to achieve compliance with the WMO requirements in the most efficient way.
This Guide will also be ...
Guide to marine meteorological services
Internationally agreed methods of providing services to the marine community around the world are described in the Manual on Marine Meteorological Services (WMO-No. 558), Volume I. The purpose of this Guide is to complement the Manual by:
(a) Describing the requirements for the various types of service;
(b) Explaining the rationale for the agreed methods of providing services;
(c) Giving guidance on how to set up and maintain marine meteorological services.
It follows the same structure as the Manual on Marine Meteorological Services.
Global uppvärmning på 1,5ºC : Sammanfattning för beslutsfattare
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - SMHI, 2018
Aquecimento Global de 1,5°C : Sumário para Formuladores de Políticas
Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC) ; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - IPCC, 2018
Global Warming of 1.5°C
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) - IPCC, 2018An IPCC special report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty.
1,5 °C Globale Erwärmung : Zusammenfassung für politische Entscheidungsträger
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - IPCC, 2018
Satellite Data Telecommunication Handbook
This handbook is a guide to using satellite telecommunication systems and is provided as an attachment to the Guide to the WMO Information System (WMO-No. 1061). It is intended for scientists and managers who are considering using satellite communications to collect data from remote instrumentation located either on land or at sea. The handbook aims to provide an overview of the state of the market at the time of writing (April 2018) so that users can quickly identify which satellite services are appropriate for their needs. Since the market is evolving rapidly, an online version will be made ...
Technical Guidelines for Regional WIGOS Centres on the WIGOS Data Quality Monitoring System
This publication is an Annex to Chapter 9 of the Guide to the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WMO, 2018). It provides detailed technical guidance for Regional WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) Centres (RWCs) to run the operational activities related to the WIGOS Data Quality Monitoring System (WDQMS), specifically for the surface stations of the Global Observing System (GOS) located on land (on the territories of WMO Regional Association (RA) Members). These guidelines describe the three main functions of WDQMS (monitoring, evaluation and incident management), as well as t ...
IOM Report, 130. Fourth WMO Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison of RA II, Jointly held with RA V
This report describes the intercomparison in detail: the instruments, the participants, the experimental setup, method and procedure, the data analysis technique used and the results. It is clear from the results that all of the participating instruments have been well maintained and remained stable since the previous intercomparison, which augers well for all radiation measurements within RA II and RA V. All participants were able to return home with newly derived WRR reduction factors for their instruments.
Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observations OPAG in situ Technologies and Intercomparisons - Expert Team on Aircraft-based Observations : Final Report
The second session of the CIMO Expert Team on Aircraft-based Observations took place over 16-19 April, 2018 at the WMO headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. This was the 2nd meeting of the team during the current inter-sessional period of CIMO ahead of the upcoming session of CIMO in October, 2018 (CIMO-17), with the first session having been held in December 2015 in conjunction with the CBS Expert Team on Aircraft-Based Observing Systems second session. The chief focus for the session was for the team to report on progress and to undertake planning to finalise activities and tasks from its wor ...GCOS, 217. 21st Session of the Ocean Observations Panel for Climate (the GOOS Physics and Climate Panel) (OOPC-21)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018
GCOS, 218. 23rd Session of the GCOS/WCRP Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC-23)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018
GCOS, 216. 8th Session of the GTN-H Panel
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018
IOM Report, 128. Interlaboratory Comparison in the field of Temperature, Humidity and Pressure, in the WMO Regional Association VI (MM-ILC-2015-THP)
The subject of this report is evaluation of the interlaboratory comparison in the field of measurement of temperature, humidity and pressure. The interlaboratory comparison was held within the framework of the MeteoMet 2 project, in the scope of proficiency testing scheme organized by the University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Laboratory of Metrology and Quality (UL-FE/LMK), except pressure part. All the analysis were done in accordance with accredited procedures.
GCOS, 213. Report of the first meeting of the GCOS/CCl Task Team on Lightning Observations for Climate Applications (TTLOCA-1)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018The meeting opened with a welcome to all participants from the Task Team on Lightning Observations for Climate Applications (TTLOCA) Chairman, Robert Holzworth. He introduced the panel and participating Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) secretariat staff, Valentin Aich and Caterina Tassone.
Low-cost sensors for the measurement of atmospheric composition: overview of topic and future applications : valid as of May 2018
This report considers sensors that are designed for the measurement of atmospheric composition at ambient concentrations focusing on reactive gaseous air pollutants (CO, NOx, O3, SO2), particulate matter (PM) and greenhouse gases CO2 and CH4. It examines example applications where new scientific and technical insight may potentially be gained from using a network of sensors when compared to more sparsely located observations. Access to low-cost sensors appears to offer exciting new atmospheric applications, can support new services and potentially facilitates the inclusion of a new cohort of u ...
GAW Report, 243. Report of the Fifth Erythemal UV Radiometers Intercomparison
This report presents the background information, procedures and results of the intercomparison of erythemal UV sensors carried out at the Central Observatory of Buenos Aires (OCBA) in 2018 against reference radiometers calibrated at the World Radiation Center (PMOD/WRC) in Davos during 2017. In this way, the data obtained at the measurement sites will be standardized and will be comparable locally and globally. Twenty sensors were calibrated, belonging to Argentine monitoring and research institutions. The associated relative uncertainty of each sensor was also estimated.
GORMP, 58. Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2018
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); et al. - WMO, 2018The Assessment documents the advances in scientific understanding of ozone depletion reflecting the thinking of the many international scientific experts who have contributed to its preparation and review. These advances add to the scientific basis for decisions made by the Parties to the Montreal Protocol. It is based on longer observational records, new chemistry- climate model simulations, and new analyses.
ETR, 24. A Compendium of Topics to Support Management Development in National Meteorological and Hydrological Services
The present compendium of topics for management development is intended to help a NMHS establish management development programmes that meet the needs and culture of the organization. The provision of curricular (i.e. aims, learning outcomes and content), briefing notes, sources of further reading and discussion topics should make it easier to establish a bespoke programme rather than having to start from scratch. Even if an external agency provides the components of a management development programme, having the compendium should make it easier to specify what should be included. Regional Tra ...
IOM Report, 131. WMO Solid Precipitation Intercomparison Experiment (SPICE) (2012 - 2015)
The Solid Precipitation Intercomparison Experiment (SPICE) was conducted as an internationally coordinated project, initiated and guided by the Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observation (CIMO) of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The SPICE field experiments took place between 2013 and 2015, with a preparatory stage during the winter of 2012/13.
SPICE was carried out as a major international effort, and has been remarkable for the diversity of organizations which hosted SPICE tests, contributed with instruments, and were engaged in the data analysis and the derivat ...
Leveraging the Best Available Science for Increased Effectiveness of Climate Finance
Effective results from climate finance require evidence- and science-based information on the state and behavior of the Earth’s atmosphere, its interaction with the oceans, regional climates, and the resulting distribution of water resources. The high demand for such information, however, has led to a fragmented flow of internationally-funded projects that lack operational linkages with broader hydrological and meteorological systems and national-regional-global integration. To address this, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the Green Climate Fund (GCF) have established an innova ...
Making the case : Effective Investments in Early Warning Systems for Climate Resilience
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; World Bank the; Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery, the ; et al. - WMO, 2018
Caribbean 2017 Hurricane Season an evidence-based assessment of the Early Warning System
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; World Bank the; Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery, the ; et al. - WMO, 2018This report presents the key findings and recommendations for strengthening multi-hazard early warning systems in the Caribbean, following the first-ever systematic review of their performance in a post-disaster environment. The review took place after the passage of Hurricanes Harvey, Irma and Maria which significantly impacted more than 12 island States in the region in 2017.
GAW Report, 242. 19th WMO/IAEA Meeting on Carbon Dioxide, Other Greenhouse Gases and Related Measurement Techniques (GGMT-2017)
The meeting reviewed current WMO data quality objectives, reference scales and observation strategies, including calibration, quality control, data management and archiving. Target species were carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, stable isotopes, and radiocarbon in greenhouse gas measurements. The workshop discussed in detail the harmonization and quality control of isotope measurements, the extension of the measurement network towards more polluted and urban areas, the use of low-cost sensors, and the collaboration of the scientific greenhouse gas and carbon cycle community with the me ...
WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (GHG Bulletin) - No. 14: The State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2017
The latest analysis of observations from the WMO GAW Programme shows that globally averaged surface mole fractions(1) calculated from this in situ network for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) reached new highs in 2017, with CO2 at 405.5 ± 0.1 ppm(2), CH4 at 1859 ± 2 ppb(3) and N2O at 329.9 ± 0.1 ppb. These values constitute, respectively, 146%, 257% and 122% of pre-industrial (before 1750) levels. The increase in CO2 from 2016 to 2017 was smaller than that observed from 2015 to 2016 and practically equal to the average growth rate over the last decade. The influence ...
GCOS, 222. Systematic observations and the Paris agreement : Report of the Task Team on the Paris Agreement
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC); et al. - WMO, 2018The Paris Agreement will drive climate policy for many years to come. It establishes a science-based cycle of reporting (through the Transparency Framework), assessment (the Global Stocktake) and increasing ambition of action to address climate change (Nationally Determined Contributions, NDC). The Agreement has three main aims: to limit the global temperature increase, to increase the adaptive capabilities of the Parties, and to increase the making finance flows consistent with a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions and climate-resilient development.
The Paris Agreement covers ...
WIGOS Technical Report, 2018-01. WIGOS, WMO Integrated Global Observing System - Benefits to the Environment and Society from the Availability and Use of AMDAR Data
This report presents an updated summary of AMDAR data usage and the resulting impacts and benefits to meteorological forecasting and the aviation industry. It then provides a presentation of the environmental and climate applications and studies that also benefit from the use of AMDAR data, as a result, bringing benefits to the environment and wider society. These areas of societal benefits include weather, transportation, energy, disaster reduction, health, climate and agriculture.
Review of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)
World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) ; International Council for Science (ICSU); World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ; et al. - ICSU, 2018The report looks at WCRP’s structure and governance in the current context, considering the effectiveness of its operations and relationship with key partners, as well as its contributions to major international policy processes. Finally, the report looks ahead to the future of WCRP and makes a number of recommendations for WCRP to fulfil its mission in the context of 21st century challenges.
Global Weather Enterprise Conference : DATA- Business Models and Policies Shaping the Future of Global Weather Enterprise
Global Weather Enterprise is the global dimension of the multi-national multistakeholder weather enterprise encompassing all contributors to the Earth system monitoring, prediction and service provision from public, private and academic sectors, as well as learned or civil society entities.
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